all: gofmt -w -s

64 files changed, 343 insertions, 343 deletions

diff --git a/accounts/abi/abi_test.go b/accounts/abi/abi_test.go
index b1bfcb012..1e5ee0efe 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/abi_test.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/abi_test.go
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ func TestTypeCheck(t *testing.T) {
 		{"uint16[3]", [4]uint16{1, 2, 3}, "abi: cannot use [4]uint16 as type [3]uint16 as argument"},
 		{"uint16[3]", []uint16{1, 2, 3}, ""},
 		{"uint16[3]", []uint16{1, 2, 3, 4}, "abi: cannot use [4]uint16 as type [3]uint16 as argument"},
-		{"address[]", []common.Address{common.Address{1}}, ""},
-		{"address[1]", []common.Address{common.Address{1}}, ""},
-		{"address[1]", [1]common.Address{common.Address{1}}, ""},
-		{"address[2]", [1]common.Address{common.Address{1}}, "abi: cannot use [1]array as type [2]array as argument"},
+		{"address[]", []common.Address{{1}}, ""},
+		{"address[1]", []common.Address{{1}}, ""},
+		{"address[1]", [1]common.Address{{1}}, ""},
+		{"address[2]", [1]common.Address{{1}}, "abi: cannot use [1]array as type [2]array as argument"},
 		{"bytes32", [32]byte{}, ""},
 		{"bytes32", [33]byte{}, "abi: cannot use [33]uint8 as type [32]uint8 as argument"},
 		{"bytes32", common.Hash{1}, ""},
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func TestTypeCheck(t *testing.T) {
 		{"bytes", [2]byte{0, 1}, ""},
 		{"bytes", common.Hash{1}, ""},
 		{"string", "hello world", ""},
-		{"bytes32[]", [][32]byte{[32]byte{}}, ""},
+		{"bytes32[]", [][32]byte{{}}, ""},
 		{"function", [24]byte{}, ""},
 	} {
 		typ, err := NewType(test.typ)
@@ -343,8 +343,8 @@ func TestPack(t *testing.T) {
 		{"uint16[]", []uint16{1, 2}, formatSliceOutput([]byte{1}, []byte{2})},
 		{"bytes20", [20]byte{1}, pad([]byte{1}, 32, false)},
 		{"uint256[]", []*big.Int{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(2)}, formatSliceOutput([]byte{1}, []byte{2})},
-		{"address[]", []common.Address{common.Address{1}, common.Address{2}}, formatSliceOutput(pad([]byte{1}, 20, false), pad([]byte{2}, 20, false))},
-		{"bytes32[]", []common.Hash{common.Hash{1}, common.Hash{2}}, formatSliceOutput(pad([]byte{1}, 32, false), pad([]byte{2}, 32, false))},
+		{"address[]", []common.Address{{1}, {2}}, formatSliceOutput(pad([]byte{1}, 20, false), pad([]byte{2}, 20, false))},
+		{"bytes32[]", []common.Hash{{1}, {2}}, formatSliceOutput(pad([]byte{1}, 32, false), pad([]byte{2}, 32, false))},
 		{"function", [24]byte{1}, pad([]byte{1}, 32, false)},
 	} {
 		typ, err := NewType(test.typ)
@@ -458,12 +458,12 @@ func TestReader(t *testing.T) {
 	Uint256, _ := NewType("uint256")
 	exp := ABI{
 		Methods: map[string]Method{
-			"balance": Method{
+			"balance": {
 				"balance", true, nil, nil,
 			},
-			"send": Method{
+			"send": {
 				"send", false, []Argument{
-					Argument{"amount", Uint256, false},
+					{"amount", Uint256, false},
 				}, nil,
 			},
 		},
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ func TestTestSlice(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestMethodSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	String, _ := NewType("string")
-	m := Method{"foo", false, []Argument{Argument{"bar", String, false}, Argument{"baz", String, false}}, nil}
+	m := Method{"foo", false, []Argument{{"bar", String, false}, {"baz", String, false}}, nil}
 	exp := "foo(string,string)"
 	if m.Sig() != exp {
 		t.Error("signature mismatch", exp, "!=", m.Sig())
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ func TestMethodSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	uintt, _ := NewType("uint")
-	m = Method{"foo", false, []Argument{Argument{"bar", uintt, false}}, nil}
+	m = Method{"foo", false, []Argument{{"bar", uintt, false}}, nil}
 	exp = "foo(uint256)"
 	if m.Sig() != exp {
 		t.Error("signature mismatch", exp, "!=", m.Sig())
@@ -779,8 +779,8 @@ func TestBareEvents(t *testing.T) {
 		"balance": {false, nil},
 		"anon":    {true, nil},
 		"args": {false, []Argument{
-			Argument{Name: "arg0", Type: arg0, Indexed: false},
-			Argument{Name: "arg1", Type: arg1, Indexed: true},
+			{Name: "arg0", Type: arg0, Indexed: false},
+			{Name: "arg1", Type: arg1, Indexed: true},
 		}},
 	}
 
diff --git a/build/ci.go b/build/ci.go
index 593fcd151..d530c24ca 100644
--- a/build/ci.go
+++ b/build/ci.go
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func doInstall(cmdline []string) {
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Fatal(err)
 			}
-			for name, _ := range pkgs {
+			for name := range pkgs {
 				if name == "main" {
 					gobuild := goToolArch(*arch, "build", buildFlags(env)...)
 					gobuild.Args = append(gobuild.Args, "-v")
diff --git a/cmd/swarm/main.go b/cmd/swarm/main.go
index 954ad3b13..71f53082a 100644
--- a/cmd/swarm/main.go
+++ b/cmd/swarm/main.go
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func init() {
 	app.HideVersion = true // we have a command to print the version
 	app.Copyright = "Copyright 2013-2016 The go-ethereum Authors"
 	app.Commands = []cli.Command{
-		cli.Command{
+		{
 			Action:    version,
 			Name:      "version",
 			Usage:     "Print version numbers",
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func init() {
 The output of this command is supposed to be machine-readable.
 `,
 		},
-		cli.Command{
+		{
 			Action:    upload,
 			Name:      "up",
 			Usage:     "upload a file or directory to swarm using the HTTP API",
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ The output of this command is supposed to be machine-readable.
 "upload a file or directory to swarm using the HTTP API and prints the root hash",
 `,
 		},
-		cli.Command{
+		{
 			Action:    hash,
 			Name:      "hash",
 			Usage:     "print the swarm hash of a file or directory",
diff --git a/common/bytes.go b/common/bytes.go
index b9fb3b2da..cbceea8b5 100644
--- a/common/bytes.go
+++ b/common/bytes.go
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func Hex2BytesFixed(str string, flen int) []byte {
 		return h
 	} else {
 		if len(h) > flen {
-			return h[len(h)-flen : len(h)]
+			return h[len(h)-flen:]
 		} else {
 			hh := make([]byte, flen)
 			copy(hh[flen-len(h):flen], h[:])
diff --git a/common/math/dist_test.go b/common/math/dist_test.go
index 826faea8b..f5857b6f8 100644
--- a/common/math/dist_test.go
+++ b/common/math/dist_test.go
@@ -41,24 +41,24 @@ func TestSum(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestDist(t *testing.T) {
 	var vectors = []Vector{
-		Vector{big.NewInt(1000), big.NewInt(1234)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(500), big.NewInt(10023)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(1034), big.NewInt(1987)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(1034), big.NewInt(1987)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(8983), big.NewInt(1977)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(98382), big.NewInt(1887)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1287)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1487)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(128)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(1398), big.NewInt(187)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12328), big.NewInt(1927)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(22398), big.NewInt(1287)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(1370), big.NewInt(1981)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1957)},
-		Vector{big.NewInt(42198), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(1000), big.NewInt(1234)},
+		{big.NewInt(500), big.NewInt(10023)},
+		{big.NewInt(1034), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(1034), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(8983), big.NewInt(1977)},
+		{big.NewInt(98382), big.NewInt(1887)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1287)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1487)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(128)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(1398), big.NewInt(187)},
+		{big.NewInt(12328), big.NewInt(1927)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1987)},
+		{big.NewInt(22398), big.NewInt(1287)},
+		{big.NewInt(1370), big.NewInt(1981)},
+		{big.NewInt(12398), big.NewInt(1957)},
+		{big.NewInt(42198), big.NewInt(1987)},
 	}
 
 	VectorsBy(GasSort).Sort(vectors)
diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index 2081457a9..3c9e1f7cb 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, config *params.ChainConfig, pow pow.P
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Check the current state of the block hashes and make sure that we do not have any of the bad blocks in our chain
-	for hash, _ := range BadHashes {
+	for hash := range BadHashes {
 		if header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(hash); header != nil {
 			// get the canonical block corresponding to the offending header's number
 			headerByNumber := bc.GetHeaderByNumber(header.Number.Uint64())
diff --git a/core/blockchain_test.go b/core/blockchain_test.go
index 25733ce08..a5a83ba60 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_test.go
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ func TestCanonicalBlockRetrieval(t *testing.T) {
 
 	chain, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, genesis, db, 10, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {})
 
-	for i, _ := range chain {
+	for i := range chain {
 		go func(block *types.Block) {
 			// try to retrieve a block by its canonical hash and see if the block data can be retrieved.
 			for {
diff --git a/core/state/iterator_test.go b/core/state/iterator_test.go
index aa05c5dfe..aa9c5b728 100644
--- a/core/state/iterator_test.go
+++ b/core/state/iterator_test.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func TestNodeIteratorCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	// Cross check the hashes and the database itself
-	for hash, _ := range hashes {
+	for hash := range hashes {
 		if _, err := db.Get(hash.Bytes()); err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("failed to retrieve reported node %x: %v", hash, err)
 		}
diff --git a/core/state/managed_state_test.go b/core/state/managed_state_test.go
index 3f7bc2aa8..d9c232ebb 100644
--- a/core/state/managed_state_test.go
+++ b/core/state/managed_state_test.go
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
 	ms, account := create()
 
 	nn := make([]bool, 10)
-	for i, _ := range nn {
+	for i := range nn {
 		nn[i] = true
 	}
 	account.nonces = append(account.nonces, nn...)
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func TestReuse(t *testing.T) {
 	ms, account := create()
 
 	nn := make([]bool, 10)
-	for i, _ := range nn {
+	for i := range nn {
 		nn[i] = true
 	}
 	account.nonces = append(account.nonces, nn...)
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func TestReuse(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRemoteNonceChange(t *testing.T) {
 	ms, account := create()
 	nn := make([]bool, 10)
-	for i, _ := range nn {
+	for i := range nn {
 		nn[i] = true
 	}
 	account.nonces = append(account.nonces, nn...)
diff --git a/core/state/statedb.go b/core/state/statedb.go
index bbcde9443..75c40b364 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb.go
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ func (self *StateDB) Copy() *StateDB {
 		logSize:           self.logSize,
 	}
 	// Copy the dirty states and logs
-	for addr, _ := range self.stateObjectsDirty {
+	for addr := range self.stateObjectsDirty {
 		state.stateObjects[addr] = self.stateObjects[addr].deepCopy(state, state.MarkStateObjectDirty)
 		state.stateObjectsDirty[addr] = struct{}{}
 	}
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ func (self *StateDB) GetRefund() *big.Int {
 // It is called in between transactions to get the root hash that
 // goes into transaction receipts.
 func (s *StateDB) IntermediateRoot(deleteEmptyObjects bool) common.Hash {
-	for addr, _ := range s.stateObjectsDirty {
+	for addr := range s.stateObjectsDirty {
 		stateObject := s.stateObjects[addr]
 		if stateObject.suicided || (deleteEmptyObjects && stateObject.empty()) {
 			s.deleteStateObject(stateObject)
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ func (s *StateDB) DeleteSuicides() {
 	// Reset refund so that any used-gas calculations can use this method.
 	s.clearJournalAndRefund()
 
-	for addr, _ := range s.stateObjectsDirty {
+	for addr := range s.stateObjectsDirty {
 		stateObject := s.stateObjects[addr]
 
 		// If the object has been removed by a suicide
diff --git a/core/state/sync_test.go b/core/state/sync_test.go
index 2a30c86f4..cb585f78c 100644
--- a/core/state/sync_test.go
+++ b/core/state/sync_test.go
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 	for len(queue) > 0 {
 		// Fetch all the queued nodes in a random order
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, 0, len(queue))
-		for hash, _ := range queue {
+		for hash := range queue {
 			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	for len(queue) > 0 {
 		// Sync only half of the scheduled nodes, even those in random order
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, 0, len(queue)/2+1)
-		for hash, _ := range queue {
+		for hash := range queue {
 			delete(queue, hash)
 
 			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
diff --git a/core/tx_list.go b/core/tx_list.go
index c3ddf3148..95831c83b 100644
--- a/core/tx_list.go
+++ b/core/tx_list.go
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func (m *txSortedMap) Filter(filter func(*types.Transaction) bool) types.Transac
 	// If transactions were removed, the heap and cache are ruined
 	if len(removed) > 0 {
 		*m.index = make([]uint64, 0, len(m.items))
-		for nonce, _ := range m.items {
+		for nonce := range m.items {
 			*m.index = append(*m.index, nonce)
 		}
 		heap.Init(m.index)
diff --git a/core/tx_pool.go b/core/tx_pool.go
index c5421fa02..2e1e5c63e 100644
--- a/core/tx_pool.go
+++ b/core/tx_pool.go
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
 	if queued > maxQueuedInTotal {
 		// Sort all accounts with queued transactions by heartbeat
 		addresses := make(addresssByHeartbeat, 0, len(pool.queue))
-		for addr, _ := range pool.queue {
+		for addr := range pool.queue {
 			addresses = append(addresses, addressByHeartbeat{addr, pool.beats[addr]})
 		}
 		sort.Sort(addresses)
diff --git a/core/vm/jump_table.go b/core/vm/jump_table.go
index eb85ae6af..f4ce81883 100644
--- a/core/vm/jump_table.go
+++ b/core/vm/jump_table.go
@@ -52,283 +52,283 @@ var defaultJumpTable = NewJumpTable()
 
 func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
 	return [256]operation{
-		ADD: operation{
+		ADD: {
 			execute:       opAdd,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SUB: operation{
+		SUB: {
 			execute:       opSub,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MUL: operation{
+		MUL: {
 			execute:       opMul,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DIV: operation{
+		DIV: {
 			execute:       opDiv,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SDIV: operation{
+		SDIV: {
 			execute:       opSdiv,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MOD: operation{
+		MOD: {
 			execute:       opMod,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SMOD: operation{
+		SMOD: {
 			execute:       opSmod,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		EXP: operation{
+		EXP: {
 			execute:       opExp,
 			gasCost:       gasExp,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SIGNEXTEND: operation{
+		SIGNEXTEND: {
 			execute:       opSignExtend,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		NOT: operation{
+		NOT: {
 			execute:       opNot,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LT: operation{
+		LT: {
 			execute:       opLt,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		GT: operation{
+		GT: {
 			execute:       opGt,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SLT: operation{
+		SLT: {
 			execute:       opSlt,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SGT: operation{
+		SGT: {
 			execute:       opSgt,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		EQ: operation{
+		EQ: {
 			execute:       opEq,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		ISZERO: operation{
+		ISZERO: {
 			execute:       opIszero,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		AND: operation{
+		AND: {
 			execute:       opAnd,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		OR: operation{
+		OR: {
 			execute:       opOr,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		XOR: operation{
+		XOR: {
 			execute:       opXor,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		BYTE: operation{
+		BYTE: {
 			execute:       opByte,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		ADDMOD: operation{
+		ADDMOD: {
 			execute:       opAddmod,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasMidStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MULMOD: operation{
+		MULMOD: {
 			execute:       opMulmod,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasMidStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SHA3: operation{
+		SHA3: {
 			execute:       opSha3,
 			gasCost:       gasSha3,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			memorySize:    memorySha3,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		ADDRESS: operation{
+		ADDRESS: {
 			execute:       opAddress,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		BALANCE: operation{
+		BALANCE: {
 			execute:       opBalance,
 			gasCost:       gasBalance,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		ORIGIN: operation{
+		ORIGIN: {
 			execute:       opOrigin,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLER: operation{
+		CALLER: {
 			execute:       opCaller,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLVALUE: operation{
+		CALLVALUE: {
 			execute:       opCallValue,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLDATALOAD: operation{
+		CALLDATALOAD: {
 			execute:       opCalldataLoad,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasFastestStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLDATASIZE: operation{
+		CALLDATASIZE: {
 			execute:       opCalldataSize,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLDATACOPY: operation{
+		CALLDATACOPY: {
 			execute:       opCalldataCopy,
 			gasCost:       gasCalldataCopy,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryCalldataCopy,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CODESIZE: operation{
+		CODESIZE: {
 			execute:       opCodeSize,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		EXTCODESIZE: operation{
+		EXTCODESIZE: {
 			execute:       opExtCodeSize,
 			gasCost:       gasExtCodeSize,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CODECOPY: operation{
+		CODECOPY: {
 			execute:       opCodeCopy,
 			gasCost:       gasCodeCopy,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryCodeCopy,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		EXTCODECOPY: operation{
+		EXTCODECOPY: {
 			execute:       opExtCodeCopy,
 			gasCost:       gasExtCodeCopy,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(4, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryExtCodeCopy,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		GASPRICE: operation{
+		GASPRICE: {
 			execute:       opGasprice,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		BLOCKHASH: operation{
+		BLOCKHASH: {
 			execute:       opBlockhash,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasExtStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		COINBASE: operation{
+		COINBASE: {
 			execute:       opCoinbase,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		TIMESTAMP: operation{
+		TIMESTAMP: {
 			execute:       opTimestamp,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		NUMBER: operation{
+		NUMBER: {
 			execute:       opNumber,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DIFFICULTY: operation{
+		DIFFICULTY: {
 			execute:       opDifficulty,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		GASLIMIT: operation{
+		GASLIMIT: {
 			execute:       opGasLimit,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		POP: operation{
+		POP: {
 			execute:       opPop,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MLOAD: operation{
+		MLOAD: {
 			execute:       opMload,
 			gasCost:       gasMLoad,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryMLoad,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MSTORE: operation{
+		MSTORE: {
 			execute:       opMstore,
 			gasCost:       gasMStore,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryMStore,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MSTORE8: operation{
+		MSTORE8: {
 			execute:       opMstore8,
 			gasCost:       gasMStore8,
 			memorySize:    memoryMStore8,
@@ -336,71 +336,71 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
 
 			valid: true,
 		},
-		SLOAD: operation{
+		SLOAD: {
 			execute:       opSload,
 			gasCost:       gasSLoad,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SSTORE: operation{
+		SSTORE: {
 			execute:       opSstore,
 			gasCost:       gasSStore,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		JUMPDEST: operation{
+		JUMPDEST: {
 			execute:       opJumpdest,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(params.JumpdestGas),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PC: operation{
+		PC: {
 			execute:       opPc,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		MSIZE: operation{
+		MSIZE: {
 			execute:       opMsize,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		GAS: operation{
+		GAS: {
 			execute:       opGas,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasQuickStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CREATE: operation{
+		CREATE: {
 			execute:       opCreate,
 			gasCost:       gasCreate,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryCreate,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALL: operation{
+		CALL: {
 			execute:       opCall,
 			gasCost:       gasCall,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(7, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryCall,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		CALLCODE: operation{
+		CALLCODE: {
 			execute:       opCallCode,
 			gasCost:       gasCallCode,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(7, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryCall,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DELEGATECALL: operation{
+		DELEGATECALL: {
 			execute:       opDelegateCall,
 			gasCost:       gasDelegateCall,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 1),
 			memorySize:    memoryDelegateCall,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		RETURN: operation{
+		RETURN: {
 			execute:       opReturn,
 			gasCost:       gasReturn,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
@@ -408,448 +408,448 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
 			halts:         true,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SUICIDE: operation{
+		SUICIDE: {
 			execute:       opSuicide,
 			gasCost:       gasSuicide,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 0),
 			halts:         true,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		JUMP: operation{
+		JUMP: {
 			execute:       opJump,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasMidStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 0),
 			jumps:         true,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		JUMPI: operation{
+		JUMPI: {
 			execute:       opJumpi,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(GasSlowStep),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
 			jumps:         true,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		STOP: operation{
+		STOP: {
 			execute:       opStop,
 			gasCost:       constGasFunc(Zero),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 0),
 			halts:         true,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LOG0: operation{
+		LOG0: {
 			execute:       makeLog(0),
 			gasCost:       makeGasLog(0),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryLog,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LOG1: operation{
+		LOG1: {
 			execute:       makeLog(1),
 			gasCost:       makeGasLog(1),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryLog,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LOG2: operation{
+		LOG2: {
 			execute:       makeLog(2),
 			gasCost:       makeGasLog(2),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(4, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryLog,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LOG3: operation{
+		LOG3: {
 			execute:       makeLog(3),
 			gasCost:       makeGasLog(3),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(5, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryLog,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		LOG4: operation{
+		LOG4: {
 			execute:       makeLog(4),
 			gasCost:       makeGasLog(4),
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 0),
 			memorySize:    memoryLog,
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP1: operation{
+		SWAP1: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(1),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP2: operation{
+		SWAP2: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(2),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP3: operation{
+		SWAP3: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(3),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(4, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP4: operation{
+		SWAP4: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(4),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(5, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP5: operation{
+		SWAP5: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(5),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP6: operation{
+		SWAP6: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(6),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(7, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP7: operation{
+		SWAP7: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(7),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(8, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP8: operation{
+		SWAP8: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(8),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(9, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP9: operation{
+		SWAP9: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(9),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(10, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP10: operation{
+		SWAP10: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(10),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(11, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP11: operation{
+		SWAP11: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(11),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(12, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP12: operation{
+		SWAP12: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(12),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(13, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP13: operation{
+		SWAP13: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(13),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(14, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP14: operation{
+		SWAP14: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(14),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(15, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP15: operation{
+		SWAP15: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(15),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(16, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		SWAP16: operation{
+		SWAP16: {
 			execute:       makeSwap(16),
 			gasCost:       gasSwap,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(17, 0),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH1: operation{
+		PUSH1: {
 			execute:       makePush(1, big.NewInt(1)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH2: operation{
+		PUSH2: {
 			execute:       makePush(2, big.NewInt(2)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH3: operation{
+		PUSH3: {
 			execute:       makePush(3, big.NewInt(3)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH4: operation{
+		PUSH4: {
 			execute:       makePush(4, big.NewInt(4)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH5: operation{
+		PUSH5: {
 			execute:       makePush(5, big.NewInt(5)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH6: operation{
+		PUSH6: {
 			execute:       makePush(6, big.NewInt(6)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH7: operation{
+		PUSH7: {
 			execute:       makePush(7, big.NewInt(7)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH8: operation{
+		PUSH8: {
 			execute:       makePush(8, big.NewInt(8)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH9: operation{
+		PUSH9: {
 			execute:       makePush(9, big.NewInt(9)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH10: operation{
+		PUSH10: {
 			execute:       makePush(10, big.NewInt(10)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH11: operation{
+		PUSH11: {
 			execute:       makePush(11, big.NewInt(11)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH12: operation{
+		PUSH12: {
 			execute:       makePush(12, big.NewInt(12)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH13: operation{
+		PUSH13: {
 			execute:       makePush(13, big.NewInt(13)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH14: operation{
+		PUSH14: {
 			execute:       makePush(14, big.NewInt(14)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH15: operation{
+		PUSH15: {
 			execute:       makePush(15, big.NewInt(15)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH16: operation{
+		PUSH16: {
 			execute:       makePush(16, big.NewInt(16)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH17: operation{
+		PUSH17: {
 			execute:       makePush(17, big.NewInt(17)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH18: operation{
+		PUSH18: {
 			execute:       makePush(18, big.NewInt(18)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH19: operation{
+		PUSH19: {
 			execute:       makePush(19, big.NewInt(19)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH20: operation{
+		PUSH20: {
 			execute:       makePush(20, big.NewInt(20)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH21: operation{
+		PUSH21: {
 			execute:       makePush(21, big.NewInt(21)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH22: operation{
+		PUSH22: {
 			execute:       makePush(22, big.NewInt(22)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH23: operation{
+		PUSH23: {
 			execute:       makePush(23, big.NewInt(23)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH24: operation{
+		PUSH24: {
 			execute:       makePush(24, big.NewInt(24)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH25: operation{
+		PUSH25: {
 			execute:       makePush(25, big.NewInt(25)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH26: operation{
+		PUSH26: {
 			execute:       makePush(26, big.NewInt(26)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH27: operation{
+		PUSH27: {
 			execute:       makePush(27, big.NewInt(27)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH28: operation{
+		PUSH28: {
 			execute:       makePush(28, big.NewInt(28)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH29: operation{
+		PUSH29: {
 			execute:       makePush(29, big.NewInt(29)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH30: operation{
+		PUSH30: {
 			execute:       makePush(30, big.NewInt(30)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH31: operation{
+		PUSH31: {
 			execute:       makePush(31, big.NewInt(31)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		PUSH32: operation{
+		PUSH32: {
 			execute:       makePush(32, big.NewInt(32)),
 			gasCost:       gasPush,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP1: operation{
+		DUP1: {
 			execute:       makeDup(1),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP2: operation{
+		DUP2: {
 			execute:       makeDup(2),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP3: operation{
+		DUP3: {
 			execute:       makeDup(3),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP4: operation{
+		DUP4: {
 			execute:       makeDup(4),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(4, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP5: operation{
+		DUP5: {
 			execute:       makeDup(5),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(5, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP6: operation{
+		DUP6: {
 			execute:       makeDup(6),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP7: operation{
+		DUP7: {
 			execute:       makeDup(7),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(7, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP8: operation{
+		DUP8: {
 			execute:       makeDup(8),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(8, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP9: operation{
+		DUP9: {
 			execute:       makeDup(9),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(9, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP10: operation{
+		DUP10: {
 			execute:       makeDup(10),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(10, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP11: operation{
+		DUP11: {
 			execute:       makeDup(11),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(11, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP12: operation{
+		DUP12: {
 			execute:       makeDup(12),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(12, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP13: operation{
+		DUP13: {
 			execute:       makeDup(13),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(13, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP14: operation{
+		DUP14: {
 			execute:       makeDup(14),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(14, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP15: operation{
+		DUP15: {
 			execute:       makeDup(15),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(15, 1),
 			valid:         true,
 		},
-		DUP16: operation{
+		DUP16: {
 			execute:       makeDup(16),
 			gasCost:       gasDup,
 			validateStack: makeStackFunc(16, 1),
diff --git a/crypto/ecies/asn1.go b/crypto/ecies/asn1.go
index 40dabd329..508a645cd 100644
--- a/crypto/ecies/asn1.go
+++ b/crypto/ecies/asn1.go
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func (curve secgNamedCurve) Equal(curve2 secgNamedCurve) bool {
 	if len(curve) != len(curve2) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range curve {
+	for i := range curve {
 		if curve[i] != curve2[i] {
 			return false
 		}
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (a asnAlgorithmIdentifier) Cmp(b asnAlgorithmIdentifier) bool {
 	if len(a.Algorithm) != len(b.Algorithm) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range a.Algorithm {
+	for i := range a.Algorithm {
 		if a.Algorithm[i] != b.Algorithm[i] {
 			return false
 		}
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ func (a asnECDHAlgorithm) Cmp(b asnECDHAlgorithm) bool {
 	if len(a.Algorithm) != len(b.Algorithm) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range a.Algorithm {
+	for i := range a.Algorithm {
 		if a.Algorithm[i] != b.Algorithm[i] {
 			return false
 		}
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ func (a asnKeyDerivationFunction) Cmp(b asnKeyDerivationFunction) bool {
 	if len(a.Algorithm) != len(b.Algorithm) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range a.Algorithm {
+	for i := range a.Algorithm {
 		if a.Algorithm[i] != b.Algorithm[i] {
 			return false
 		}
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ func (a asnSymmetricEncryption) Cmp(b asnSymmetricEncryption) bool {
 	if len(a.Algorithm) != len(b.Algorithm) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range a.Algorithm {
+	for i := range a.Algorithm {
 		if a.Algorithm[i] != b.Algorithm[i] {
 			return false
 		}
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func (a asnMessageAuthenticationCode) Cmp(b asnMessageAuthenticationCode) bool {
 	if len(a.Algorithm) != len(b.Algorithm) {
 		return false
 	}
-	for i, _ := range a.Algorithm {
+	for i := range a.Algorithm {
 		if a.Algorithm[i] != b.Algorithm[i] {
 			return false
 		}
diff --git a/crypto/ecies/ecies_test.go b/crypto/ecies/ecies_test.go
index cb09061ce..3b3517baf 100644
--- a/crypto/ecies/ecies_test.go
+++ b/crypto/ecies/ecies_test.go
@@ -492,17 +492,17 @@ type testCase struct {
 }
 
 var testCases = []testCase{
-	testCase{
+	{
 		Curve:    elliptic.P256(),
 		Name:     "P256",
 		Expected: true,
 	},
-	testCase{
+	{
 		Curve:    elliptic.P384(),
 		Name:     "P384",
 		Expected: true,
 	},
-	testCase{
+	{
 		Curve:    elliptic.P521(),
 		Name:     "P521",
 		Expected: true,
diff --git a/crypto/sha3/sha3_test.go b/crypto/sha3/sha3_test.go
index caf72f279..c433761a8 100644
--- a/crypto/sha3/sha3_test.go
+++ b/crypto/sha3/sha3_test.go
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func TestSqueezing(t *testing.T) {
 			d1 := newShakeHash()
 			d1.Write([]byte(testString))
 			var multiple []byte
-			for _ = range ref {
+			for range ref {
 				one := make([]byte, 1)
 				d1.Read(one)
 				multiple = append(multiple, one...)
diff --git a/eth/backend_test.go b/eth/backend_test.go
index 8d55f30b9..574731fbe 100644
--- a/eth/backend_test.go
+++ b/eth/backend_test.go
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ func TestMipmapUpgrade(t *testing.T) {
 		switch i {
 		case 1:
 			receipt := types.NewReceipt(nil, new(big.Int))
-			receipt.Logs = []*types.Log{&types.Log{Address: addr}}
+			receipt.Logs = []*types.Log{{Address: addr}}
 			gen.AddUncheckedReceipt(receipt)
 			receipts = types.Receipts{receipt}
 		case 2:
 			receipt := types.NewReceipt(nil, new(big.Int))
-			receipt.Logs = []*types.Log{&types.Log{Address: addr}}
+			receipt.Logs = []*types.Log{{Address: addr}}
 			gen.AddUncheckedReceipt(receipt)
 			receipts = types.Receipts{receipt}
 		}
diff --git a/eth/downloader/peer.go b/eth/downloader/peer.go
index b0bfc66c8..ea4b6a6f2 100644
--- a/eth/downloader/peer.go
+++ b/eth/downloader/peer.go
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func (p *peer) FetchNodeData(request *fetchRequest) error {
 
 	// Convert the hash set to a retrievable slice
 	hashes := make([]common.Hash, 0, len(request.Hashes))
-	for hash, _ := range request.Hashes {
+	for hash := range request.Hashes {
 		hashes = append(hashes, hash)
 	}
 	go p.getNodeData(hashes)
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ func (p *peer) MarkLacking(hash common.Hash) {
 	defer p.lock.Unlock()
 
 	for len(p.lacking) >= maxLackingHashes {
-		for drop, _ := range p.lacking {
+		for drop := range p.lacking {
 			delete(p.lacking, drop)
 			break
 		}
diff --git a/eth/downloader/queue.go b/eth/downloader/queue.go
index 060eaf970..dd9590b28 100644
--- a/eth/downloader/queue.go
+++ b/eth/downloader/queue.go
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ func (q *queue) expire(timeout time.Duration, pendPool map[string]*fetchRequest,
 		}
 	}
 	// Remove the expired requests from the pending pool
-	for id, _ := range expiries {
+	for id := range expiries {
 		delete(pendPool, id)
 	}
 	return expiries
@@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ func (q *queue) DeliverNodeData(id string, data [][]byte, callback func(int, boo
 
 	// If no data was retrieved, mark their hashes as unavailable for the origin peer
 	if len(data) == 0 {
-		for hash, _ := range request.Hashes {
+		for hash := range request.Hashes {
 			request.Peer.MarkLacking(hash)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/eth/filters/api.go b/eth/filters/api.go
index 65d7fd17e..02a544ce1 100644
--- a/eth/filters/api.go
+++ b/eth/filters/api.go
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ func (args *FilterCriteria) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 			switch topic := t.(type) {
 			case nil:
 				// ignore topic when matching logs
-				args.Topics[i] = []common.Hash{common.Hash{}}
+				args.Topics[i] = []common.Hash{{}}
 
 			case string:
 				// match specific topic
diff --git a/eth/filters/filter_system_test.go b/eth/filters/filter_system_test.go
index 5f51c0aa8..cd0745ec1 100644
--- a/eth/filters/filter_system_test.go
+++ b/eth/filters/filter_system_test.go
@@ -281,15 +281,15 @@ func TestLogFilter(t *testing.T) {
 			// match all
 			0: {FilterCriteria{}, allLogs, ""},
 			// match none due to no matching addresses
-			1: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{common.Address{}, notUsedAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{allLogs[0].Topics}}, []*types.Log{}, ""},
+			1: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{{}, notUsedAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{allLogs[0].Topics}}, []*types.Log{}, ""},
 			// match logs based on addresses, ignore topics
 			2: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{firstAddr}}, allLogs[:2], ""},
 			// match none due to no matching topics (match with address)
-			3: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{notUsedTopic}}}, []*types.Log{}, ""},
+			3: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{notUsedTopic}}}, []*types.Log{}, ""},
 			// match logs based on addresses and topics
-			4: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, allLogs[3:5], ""},
+			4: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, allLogs[3:5], ""},
 			// match logs based on multiple addresses and "or" topics
-			5: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr, thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, allLogs[2:5], ""},
+			5: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr, thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, allLogs[2:5], ""},
 			// logs in the pending block
 			6: {FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{firstAddr}, FromBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.PendingBlockNumber.Int64()), ToBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.PendingBlockNumber.Int64())}, allLogs[:2], ""},
 			// mined logs with block num >= 2 or pending logs
@@ -299,9 +299,9 @@ func TestLogFilter(t *testing.T) {
 			// all "mined" logs
 			9: {FilterCriteria{ToBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.LatestBlockNumber.Int64())}, allLogs, ""},
 			// all "mined" logs with 1>= block num <=2 and topic secondTopic
-			10: {FilterCriteria{FromBlock: big.NewInt(1), ToBlock: big.NewInt(2), Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{secondTopic}}}, allLogs[3:4], ""},
+			10: {FilterCriteria{FromBlock: big.NewInt(1), ToBlock: big.NewInt(2), Topics: [][]common.Hash{{secondTopic}}}, allLogs[3:4], ""},
 			// all "mined" and pending logs with topic firstTopic
-			11: {FilterCriteria{FromBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.LatestBlockNumber.Int64()), ToBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.PendingBlockNumber.Int64()), Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic}}}, expectedCase11, ""},
+			11: {FilterCriteria{FromBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.LatestBlockNumber.Int64()), ToBlock: big.NewInt(rpc.PendingBlockNumber.Int64()), Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic}}}, expectedCase11, ""},
 		}
 	)
 
@@ -402,19 +402,19 @@ func TestPendingLogsSubscription(t *testing.T) {
 			// match all
 			{FilterCriteria{}, convertLogs(allLogs), nil, nil},
 			// match none due to no matching addresses
-			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{common.Address{}, notUsedAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{}}}, []*types.Log{}, nil, nil},
+			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{{}, notUsedAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{}}}, []*types.Log{}, nil, nil},
 			// match logs based on addresses, ignore topics
 			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{firstAddr}}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[:2]), allLogs[5].Logs[3]), nil, nil},
 			// match none due to no matching topics (match with address)
-			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{notUsedTopic}}}, []*types.Log{}, nil, nil},
+			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{notUsedTopic}}}, []*types.Log{}, nil, nil},
 			// match logs based on addresses and topics
-			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[3:5]), allLogs[5].Logs[0]), nil, nil},
+			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[3:5]), allLogs[5].Logs[0]), nil, nil},
 			// match logs based on multiple addresses and "or" topics
-			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr, thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[2:5]), allLogs[5].Logs[0]), nil, nil},
+			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{secondAddr, thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic, secondTopic}}}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[2:5]), allLogs[5].Logs[0]), nil, nil},
 			// block numbers are ignored for filters created with New***Filter, these return all logs that match the given criterias when the state changes
 			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{firstAddr}, FromBlock: big.NewInt(2), ToBlock: big.NewInt(3)}, append(convertLogs(allLogs[:2]), allLogs[5].Logs[3]), nil, nil},
 			// multiple pending logs, should match only 2 topics from the logs in block 5
-			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{firstTopic, forthTopic}}}, []*types.Log{allLogs[5].Logs[0], allLogs[5].Logs[2]}, nil, nil},
+			{FilterCriteria{Addresses: []common.Address{thirdAddress}, Topics: [][]common.Hash{{firstTopic, forthTopic}}}, []*types.Log{allLogs[5].Logs[0], allLogs[5].Logs[2]}, nil, nil},
 		}
 	)
 
diff --git a/eth/filters/filter_test.go b/eth/filters/filter_test.go
index 35495e8af..83ff3e9ce 100644
--- a/eth/filters/filter_test.go
+++ b/eth/filters/filter_test.go
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 
 	filter := New(backend, true)
 	filter.SetAddresses([]common.Address{addr})
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{hash1, hash2, hash3, hash4}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{hash1, hash2, hash3, hash4}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(0)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(-1)
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 
 	filter = New(backend, true)
 	filter.SetAddresses([]common.Address{addr})
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{hash3}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{hash3}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(900)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(999)
 	logs, _ = filter.Find(context.Background())
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 
 	filter = New(backend, true)
 	filter.SetAddresses([]common.Address{addr})
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{hash3}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{hash3}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(990)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(-1)
 	logs, _ = filter.Find(context.Background())
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	filter = New(backend, true)
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{hash1, hash2}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{hash1, hash2}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(1)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(10)
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 
 	failHash := common.BytesToHash([]byte("fail"))
 	filter = New(backend, true)
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{failHash}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{failHash}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(0)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(-1)
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ func TestFilters(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	filter = New(backend, true)
-	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{[]common.Hash{failHash}, []common.Hash{hash1}})
+	filter.SetTopics([][]common.Hash{{failHash}, {hash1}})
 	filter.SetBeginBlock(0)
 	filter.SetEndBlock(-1)
 
diff --git a/eth/handler_test.go b/eth/handler_test.go
index 6900f7808..4695b3f60 100644
--- a/eth/handler_test.go
+++ b/eth/handler_test.go
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func testGetBlockHeaders(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 
 	// Create a "random" unknown hash for testing
 	var unknown common.Hash
-	for i, _ := range unknown {
+	for i := range unknown {
 		unknown[i] = byte(i)
 	}
 	// Create a batch of tests for various scenarios
@@ -246,17 +246,17 @@ func testGetBlockBodies(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 		{limit + 1, nil, nil, limit},                                             // No more than the possible block count should be returned
 		{0, []common.Hash{pm.blockchain.Genesis().Hash()}, []bool{true}, 1},      // The genesis block should be retrievable
 		{0, []common.Hash{pm.blockchain.CurrentBlock().Hash()}, []bool{true}, 1}, // The chains head block should be retrievable
-		{0, []common.Hash{common.Hash{}}, []bool{false}, 0},                      // A non existent block should not be returned
+		{0, []common.Hash{{}}, []bool{false}, 0},                                 // A non existent block should not be returned
 
 		// Existing and non-existing blocks interleaved should not cause problems
 		{0, []common.Hash{
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			pm.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(1).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			pm.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(10).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			pm.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(100).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 		}, []bool{false, true, false, true, false, true, false}, 3},
 	}
 	// Run each of the tests and verify the results against the chain
diff --git a/eth/protocol_test.go b/eth/protocol_test.go
index 0aac19f43..43149d0c0 100644
--- a/eth/protocol_test.go
+++ b/eth/protocol_test.go
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func testSendTransactions(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 func TestGetBlockHeadersDataEncodeDecode(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a "random" hash for testing
 	var hash common.Hash
-	for i, _ := range hash {
+	for i := range hash {
 		hash[i] = byte(i)
 	}
 	// Assemble some table driven tests
diff --git a/ethdb/memory_database.go b/ethdb/memory_database.go
index a729f5233..65c487934 100644
--- a/ethdb/memory_database.go
+++ b/ethdb/memory_database.go
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func (db *MemDatabase) Keys() [][]byte {
 	defer db.lock.RUnlock()
 
 	keys := [][]byte{}
-	for key, _ := range db.db {
+	for key := range db.db {
 		keys = append(keys, []byte(key))
 	}
 	return keys
diff --git a/ethstats/ethstats.go b/ethstats/ethstats.go
index 716beef69..b802d347f 100644
--- a/ethstats/ethstats.go
+++ b/ethstats/ethstats.go
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func (s *Service) login(in *json.Decoder, out *json.Encoder) error {
 		Secret: s.pass,
 	}
 	login := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"hello", auth},
+		"emit": {"hello", auth},
 	}
 	if err := out.Encode(login); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportLatency(out *json.Encoder) error {
 	start := time.Now()
 
 	ping := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"node-ping", map[string]string{
+		"emit": {"node-ping", map[string]string{
 			"id":         s.node,
 			"clientTime": start.String(),
 		}},
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportLatency(out *json.Encoder) error {
 	}
 	// Send back the measured latency
 	latency := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"latency", map[string]string{
+		"emit": {"latency", map[string]string{
 			"id":      s.node,
 			"latency": strconv.Itoa(int((time.Since(start) / time.Duration(2)).Nanoseconds() / 1000000)),
 		}},
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportBlock(out *json.Encoder, block *types.Block) error {
 		"block": s.assembleBlockStats(block),
 	}
 	report := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"block", stats},
+		"emit": {"block", stats},
 	}
 	if err := out.Encode(report); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportHistory(out *json.Encoder, list []uint64) error {
 		"history": history,
 	}
 	report := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"history", stats},
+		"emit": {"history", stats},
 	}
 	if err := out.Encode(report); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportPending(out *json.Encoder) error {
 		},
 	}
 	report := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"pending", stats},
+		"emit": {"pending", stats},
 	}
 	if err := out.Encode(report); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportStats(out *json.Encoder) error {
 		},
 	}
 	report := map[string][]interface{}{
-		"emit": []interface{}{"stats", stats},
+		"emit": {"stats", stats},
 	}
 	if err := out.Encode(report); err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/event/event_test.go b/event/event_test.go
index 394029301..2c56ecf29 100644
--- a/event/event_test.go
+++ b/event/event_test.go
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func TestMuxConcurrent(t *testing.T) {
 func emptySubscriber(mux *TypeMux, types ...interface{}) {
 	s := mux.Subscribe(testEvent(0))
 	go func() {
-		for _ = range s.Chan() {
+		for range s.Chan() {
 		}
 	}()
 }
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func BenchmarkChanSend(b *testing.B) {
 	c := make(chan interface{})
 	closed := make(chan struct{})
 	go func() {
-		for _ = range c {
+		for range c {
 		}
 	}()
 
diff --git a/event/filter/generic_filter.go b/event/filter/generic_filter.go
index 27f35920d..d679b8bfa 100644
--- a/event/filter/generic_filter.go
+++ b/event/filter/generic_filter.go
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func (self Generic) Compare(f Filter) bool {
 		strMatch = false
 	}
 
-	for k, _ := range self.Data {
+	for k := range self.Data {
 		if _, ok := filter.Data[k]; !ok {
 			return false
 		}
diff --git a/les/fetcher.go b/les/fetcher.go
index c23af8da3..4a0830a8a 100644
--- a/les/fetcher.go
+++ b/les/fetcher.go
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ func (f *lightFetcher) updateMaxConfirmedTd(td *big.Int) {
 			f.lastUpdateStats.next = newEntry
 		}
 		f.lastUpdateStats = newEntry
-		for p, _ := range f.peers {
+		for p := range f.peers {
 			f.checkUpdateStats(p, newEntry)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/les/flowcontrol/manager.go b/les/flowcontrol/manager.go
index 786884437..f9f029466 100644
--- a/les/flowcontrol/manager.go
+++ b/les/flowcontrol/manager.go
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func (self *ClientManager) removeNode(node *cmNode) {
 // recalc sumWeight
 func (self *ClientManager) updateNodes(time int64) (rce bool) {
 	var sumWeight, rcSum uint64
-	for node, _ := range self.nodes {
+	for node := range self.nodes {
 		rc := node.recharging
 		node.update(time)
 		if rc && !node.recharging {
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ func (self *ClientManager) updateNodes(time int64) (rce bool) {
 func (self *ClientManager) update(time int64) {
 	for {
 		firstTime := time
-		for node, _ := range self.nodes {
+		for node := range self.nodes {
 			if node.recharging && node.finishRecharge < firstTime {
 				firstTime = node.finishRecharge
 			}
 		}
 		if self.updateNodes(firstTime) {
-			for node, _ := range self.nodes {
+			for node := range self.nodes {
 				if node.recharging {
 					node.set(node.serving, self.simReqCnt, self.sumWeight)
 				}
diff --git a/les/handler_test.go b/les/handler_test.go
index 37c5dd226..0b94d0d30 100644
--- a/les/handler_test.go
+++ b/les/handler_test.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func testGetBlockHeaders(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 
 	// Create a "random" unknown hash for testing
 	var unknown common.Hash
-	for i, _ := range unknown {
+	for i := range unknown {
 		unknown[i] = byte(i)
 	}
 	// Create a batch of tests for various scenarios
@@ -189,17 +189,17 @@ func testGetBlockBodies(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 		//{limit + 1, nil, nil, limit},                                  // No more than the possible block count should be returned
 		{0, []common.Hash{bc.Genesis().Hash()}, []bool{true}, 1},      // The genesis block should be retrievable
 		{0, []common.Hash{bc.CurrentBlock().Hash()}, []bool{true}, 1}, // The chains head block should be retrievable
-		{0, []common.Hash{common.Hash{}}, []bool{false}, 0},           // A non existent block should not be returned
+		{0, []common.Hash{{}}, []bool{false}, 0},                      // A non existent block should not be returned
 
 		// Existing and non-existing blocks interleaved should not cause problems
 		{0, []common.Hash{
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			bc.GetBlockByNumber(1).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			bc.GetBlockByNumber(10).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 			bc.GetBlockByNumber(100).Hash(),
-			common.Hash{},
+			{},
 		}, []bool{false, true, false, true, false, true, false}, 3},
 	}
 	// Run each of the tests and verify the results against the chain
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ func testGetProofs(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 	var proofreqs []ProofReq
 	var proofs [][]rlp.RawValue
 
-	accounts := []common.Address{testBankAddress, acc1Addr, acc2Addr, common.Address{}}
+	accounts := []common.Address{testBankAddress, acc1Addr, acc2Addr, {}}
 	for i := uint64(0); i <= bc.CurrentBlock().NumberU64(); i++ {
 		header := bc.GetHeaderByNumber(i)
 		root := header.Root
diff --git a/les/peer.go b/les/peer.go
index 0a8db4975..8d4a83f59 100644
--- a/les/peer.go
+++ b/les/peer.go
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ func (ps *peerSet) AllPeerIDs() []string {
 
 	res := make([]string, len(ps.peers))
 	idx := 0
-	for id, _ := range ps.peers {
+	for id := range ps.peers {
 		res[idx] = id
 		idx++
 	}
diff --git a/les/randselect_test.go b/les/randselect_test.go
index f3c34305e..9ae7726dd 100644
--- a/les/randselect_test.go
+++ b/les/randselect_test.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func TestWeightedRandomSelect(t *testing.T) {
 		s := newWeightedRandomSelect()
 		w := -1
 		list := make([]testWrsItem, cnt)
-		for i, _ := range list {
+		for i := range list {
 			list[i] = testWrsItem{idx: i, widx: &w}
 			s.update(&list[i])
 		}
diff --git a/les/serverpool.go b/les/serverpool.go
index f5e880460..80c446eef 100644
--- a/les/serverpool.go
+++ b/les/serverpool.go
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ func (pool *serverPool) loadNodes() {
 // ordered from least to most recently connected.
 func (pool *serverPool) saveNodes() {
 	list := make([]*poolEntry, len(pool.knownQueue.queue))
-	for i, _ := range list {
+	for i := range list {
 		list[i] = pool.knownQueue.fetchOldest()
 	}
 	enc, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(list)
diff --git a/les/sync.go b/les/sync.go
index 72c979c61..c143cb145 100644
--- a/les/sync.go
+++ b/les/sync.go
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ func (pm *ProtocolManager) syncer() {
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-pm.newPeerCh:
-/*			// Make sure we have peers to select from, then sync
-			if pm.peers.Len() < minDesiredPeerCount {
-				break
-			}
-			go pm.synchronise(pm.peers.BestPeer())
-*/
+			/*			// Make sure we have peers to select from, then sync
+						if pm.peers.Len() < minDesiredPeerCount {
+							break
+						}
+						go pm.synchronise(pm.peers.BestPeer())
+			*/
 		/*case <-forceSync:
 		// Force a sync even if not enough peers are present
 		go pm.synchronise(pm.peers.BestPeer())
diff --git a/les/txrelay.go b/les/txrelay.go
index 036158f5d..84d049b45 100644
--- a/les/txrelay.go
+++ b/les/txrelay.go
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func (self *LesTxRelay) NewHead(head common.Hash, mined []common.Hash, rollback
 	if len(self.txPending) > 0 {
 		txs := make(types.Transactions, len(self.txPending))
 		i := 0
-		for hash, _ := range self.txPending {
+		for hash := range self.txPending {
 			txs[i] = self.txSent[hash].tx
 			i++
 		}
diff --git a/light/lightchain.go b/light/lightchain.go
index d397f5006..0d28ad2f4 100644
--- a/light/lightchain.go
+++ b/light/lightchain.go
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func NewLightChain(odr OdrBackend, config *params.ChainConfig, pow pow.PoW, mux
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Check the current state of the block hashes and make sure that we do not have any of the bad blocks in our chain
-	for hash, _ := range core.BadHashes {
+	for hash := range core.BadHashes {
 		if header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(hash); header != nil {
 			glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("Found bad hash, rewinding chain to block #%d [%x…]", header.Number, header.ParentHash[:4])
 			bc.SetHead(header.Number.Uint64() - 1)
diff --git a/light/txpool_test.go b/light/txpool_test.go
index 61d7c1c49..6927c54f8 100644
--- a/light/txpool_test.go
+++ b/light/txpool_test.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func txPoolTestChainGen(i int, block *core.BlockGen) {
 }
 
 func TestTxPool(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, _ := range testTx {
+	for i := range testTx {
 		testTx[i], _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i), acc1Addr, big.NewInt(10000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), types.HomesteadSigner{}, testBankKey)
 	}
 
diff --git a/logger/glog/glog.go b/logger/glog/glog.go
index edaa21f07..0b33527c3 100644
--- a/logger/glog/glog.go
+++ b/logger/glog/glog.go
@@ -928,7 +928,7 @@ const flushInterval = 30 * time.Second
 
 // flushDaemon periodically flushes the log file buffers.
 func (l *loggingT) flushDaemon() {
-	for _ = range time.NewTicker(flushInterval).C {
+	for range time.NewTicker(flushInterval).C {
 		l.lockAndFlushAll()
 	}
 }
diff --git a/miner/worker.go b/miner/worker.go
index adb224c47..9e70c8f04 100644
--- a/miner/worker.go
+++ b/miner/worker.go
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ func (self *worker) update() {
 				self.currentMu.Lock()
 
 				acc, _ := types.Sender(self.current.signer, ev.Tx)
-				txs := map[common.Address]types.Transactions{acc: types.Transactions{ev.Tx}}
+				txs := map[common.Address]types.Transactions{acc: {ev.Tx}}
 				txset := types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(txs)
 
 				self.current.commitTransactions(self.mux, txset, self.gasPrice, self.chain)
diff --git a/mobile/p2p.go b/mobile/p2p.go
index e717d4004..8d21639e5 100644
--- a/mobile/p2p.go
+++ b/mobile/p2p.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func (ni *NodeInfo) GetListenerPort() int       { return ni.info.Ports.Listener
 func (ni *NodeInfo) GetListenerAddress() string { return ni.info.ListenAddr }
 func (ni *NodeInfo) GetProtocols() *Strings {
 	protos := []string{}
-	for proto, _ := range ni.info.Protocols {
+	for proto := range ni.info.Protocols {
 		protos = append(protos, proto)
 	}
 	return &Strings{protos}
diff --git a/node/node_test.go b/node/node_test.go
index d9b26453b..6b2b62d73 100644
--- a/node/node_test.go
+++ b/node/node_test.go
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ func TestServiceLifeCycle(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := stack.Start(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to start protocol stack: %v", err)
 	}
-	for id, _ := range services {
+	for id := range services {
 		if !started[id] {
 			t.Fatalf("service %s: freshly started service not running", id)
 		}
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func TestServiceLifeCycle(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := stack.Stop(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to stop protocol stack: %v", err)
 	}
-	for id, _ := range services {
+	for id := range services {
 		if !stopped[id] {
 			t.Fatalf("service %s: freshly terminated service still running", id)
 		}
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ func TestServiceConstructionAbortion(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := stack.Start(); err != failure {
 			t.Fatalf("iter %d: stack startup failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, failure)
 		}
-		for id, _ := range services {
+		for id := range services {
 			if started[id] {
 				t.Fatalf("service %s: started should not have", id)
 			}
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ func TestServiceStartupAbortion(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := stack.Start(); err != failure {
 			t.Fatalf("iter %d: stack startup failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, failure)
 		}
-		for id, _ := range services {
+		for id := range services {
 			if started[id] && !stopped[id] {
 				t.Fatalf("service %s: started but not stopped", id)
 			}
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ func TestServiceTerminationGuarantee(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := stack.Start(); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("iter %d: failed to start protocol stack: %v", i, err)
 		}
-		for id, _ := range services {
+		for id := range services {
 			if !started[id] {
 				t.Fatalf("iter %d, service %s: service not running", i, id)
 			}
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ func TestServiceTerminationGuarantee(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("iter %d: failure count mismatch: have %d, want %d", i, len(err.Services), 1)
 			}
 		}
-		for id, _ := range services {
+		for id := range services {
 			if !stopped[id] {
 				t.Fatalf("iter %d, service %s: service not terminated", i, id)
 			}
diff --git a/p2p/discover/database_test.go b/p2p/discover/database_test.go
index 5a729f02b..be972fd2c 100644
--- a/p2p/discover/database_test.go
+++ b/p2p/discover/database_test.go
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@ func TestNodeDBSeedQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(seeds) != len(want) {
 		t.Errorf("seed count mismatch: have %v, want %v", len(seeds), len(want))
 	}
-	for id, _ := range have {
+	for id := range have {
 		if _, ok := want[id]; !ok {
 			t.Errorf("extra seed: %v", id)
 		}
 	}
-	for id, _ := range want {
+	for id := range want {
 		if _, ok := have[id]; !ok {
 			t.Errorf("missing seed: %v", id)
 		}
diff --git a/p2p/discover/table.go b/p2p/discover/table.go
index ad0b5c8ca..839e3ec7e 100644
--- a/p2p/discover/table.go
+++ b/p2p/discover/table.go
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ func (tab *Table) bondall(nodes []*Node) (result []*Node) {
 			rc <- nn
 		}(nodes[i])
 	}
-	for _ = range nodes {
+	for range nodes {
 		if n := <-rc; n != nil {
 			result = append(result, n)
 		}
diff --git a/p2p/discover/table_test.go b/p2p/discover/table_test.go
index 102c7c2d1..1037cc609 100644
--- a/p2p/discover/table_test.go
+++ b/p2p/discover/table_test.go
@@ -314,19 +314,19 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 	target:    MustHexID("166aea4f556532c6d34e8b740e5d314af7e9ac0ca79833bd751d6b665f12dfd38ec563c363b32f02aef4a80b44fd3def94612d497b99cb5f17fd24de454927ec"),
 	targetSha: common.Hash{0x5c, 0x94, 0x4e, 0xe5, 0x1c, 0x5a, 0xe9, 0xf7, 0x2a, 0x95, 0xec, 0xcb, 0x8a, 0xed, 0x3, 0x74, 0xee, 0xcb, 0x51, 0x19, 0xd7, 0x20, 0xcb, 0xea, 0x68, 0x13, 0xe8, 0xe0, 0xd6, 0xad, 0x92, 0x61},
 	dists: [257][]NodeID{
-		240: []NodeID{
+		240: {
 			MustHexID("2001ad5e3e80c71b952161bc0186731cf5ffe942d24a79230a0555802296238e57ea7a32f5b6f18564eadc1c65389448481f8c9338df0a3dbd18f708cbc2cbcb"),
 			MustHexID("6ba3f4f57d084b6bf94cc4555b8c657e4a8ac7b7baf23c6874efc21dd1e4f56b7eb2721e07f5242d2f1d8381fc8cae535e860197c69236798ba1ad231b105794"),
 		},
-		244: []NodeID{
+		244: {
 			MustHexID("696ba1f0a9d55c59246f776600542a9e6432490f0cd78f8bb55a196918df2081a9b521c3c3ba48e465a75c10768807717f8f689b0b4adce00e1c75737552a178"),
 		},
-		246: []NodeID{
+		246: {
 			MustHexID("d6d32178bdc38416f46ffb8b3ec9e4cb2cfff8d04dd7e4311a70e403cb62b10be1b447311b60b4f9ee221a8131fc2cbd45b96dd80deba68a949d467241facfa8"),
 			MustHexID("3ea3d04a43a3dfb5ac11cffc2319248cf41b6279659393c2f55b8a0a5fc9d12581a9d97ef5d8ff9b5abf3321a290e8f63a4f785f450dc8a672aba3ba2ff4fdab"),
 			MustHexID("2fc897f05ae585553e5c014effd3078f84f37f9333afacffb109f00ca8e7a3373de810a3946be971cbccdfd40249f9fe7f322118ea459ac71acca85a1ef8b7f4"),
 		},
-		247: []NodeID{
+		247: {
 			MustHexID("3155e1427f85f10a5c9a7755877748041af1bcd8d474ec065eb33df57a97babf54bfd2103575fa829115d224c523596b401065a97f74010610fce76382c0bf32"),
 			MustHexID("312c55512422cf9b8a4097e9a6ad79402e87a15ae909a4bfefa22398f03d20951933beea1e4dfa6f968212385e829f04c2d314fc2d4e255e0d3bc08792b069db"),
 			MustHexID("38643200b172dcfef857492156971f0e6aa2c538d8b74010f8e140811d53b98c765dd2d96126051913f44582e8c199ad7c6d6819e9a56483f637feaac9448aac"),
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("4ab0a75941b12892369b4490a1928c8ca52a9ad6d3dffbd1d8c0b907bc200fe74c022d011ec39b64808a39c0ca41f1d3254386c3e7733e7044c44259486461b6"),
 			MustHexID("d45150a72dc74388773e68e03133a3b5f51447fe91837d566706b3c035ee4b56f160c878c6273394daee7f56cc398985269052f22f75a8057df2fe6172765354"),
 		},
-		248: []NodeID{
+		248: {
 			MustHexID("6aadfce366a189bab08ac84721567483202c86590642ea6d6a14f37ca78d82bdb6509eb7b8b2f6f63c78ae3ae1d8837c89509e41497d719b23ad53dd81574afa"),
 			MustHexID("a605ecfd6069a4cf4cf7f5840e5bc0ce10d23a3ac59e2aaa70c6afd5637359d2519b4524f56fc2ca180cdbebe54262f720ccaae8c1b28fd553c485675831624d"),
 			MustHexID("29701451cb9448ca33fc33680b44b840d815be90146eb521641efbffed0859c154e8892d3906eae9934bfacee72cd1d2fa9dd050fd18888eea49da155ab0efd2"),
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("b76ea1a6fd6506ef6e3506a4f1f60ed6287fff8114af6141b2ff13e61242331b54082b023cfea5b3083354a4fb3f9eb8be01fb4a518f579e731a5d0707291a6b"),
 			MustHexID("9b53a37950ca8890ee349b325032d7b672cab7eced178d3060137b24ef6b92a43977922d5bdfb4a3409a2d80128e02f795f9dae6d7d99973ad0e23a2afb8442f"),
 		},
-		249: []NodeID{
+		249: {
 			MustHexID("675ae65567c3c72c50c73bc0fd4f61f202ea5f93346ca57b551de3411ccc614fad61cb9035493af47615311b9d44ee7a161972ee4d77c28fe1ec029d01434e6a"),
 			MustHexID("8eb81408389da88536ae5800392b16ef5109d7ea132c18e9a82928047ecdb502693f6e4a4cdd18b54296caf561db937185731456c456c98bfe7de0baf0eaa495"),
 			MustHexID("2adba8b1612a541771cb93a726a38a4b88e97b18eced2593eb7daf82f05a5321ca94a72cc780c306ff21e551a932fc2c6d791e4681907b5ceab7f084c3fa2944"),
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("d94193f236105010972f5df1b7818b55846592a0445b9cdc4eaed811b8c4c0f7c27dc8cc9837a4774656d6b34682d6d329d42b6ebb55da1d475c2474dc3dfdf4"),
 			MustHexID("edd9af6aded4094e9785637c28fccbd3980cbe28e2eb9a411048a23c2ace4bd6b0b7088a7817997b49a3dd05fc6929ca6c7abbb69438dbdabe65e971d2a794b2"),
 		},
-		250: []NodeID{
+		250: {
 			MustHexID("53a5bd1215d4ab709ae8fdc2ced50bba320bced78bd9c5dc92947fb402250c914891786db0978c898c058493f86fc68b1c5de8a5cb36336150ac7a88655b6c39"),
 			MustHexID("b7f79e3ab59f79262623c9ccefc8f01d682323aee56ffbe295437487e9d5acaf556a9c92e1f1c6a9601f2b9eb6b027ae1aeaebac71d61b9b78e88676efd3e1a3"),
 			MustHexID("d374bf7e8d7ffff69cc00bebff38ef5bc1dcb0a8d51c1a3d70e61ac6b2e2d6617109254b0ac224354dfbf79009fe4239e09020c483cc60c071e00b9238684f30"),
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("5b116f0751526868a909b61a30b0c5282c37df6925cc03ddea556ef0d0602a9595fd6c14d371f8ed7d45d89918a032dcd22be4342a8793d88fdbeb3ca3d75bd7"),
 			MustHexID("50f3222fb6b82481c7c813b2172e1daea43e2710a443b9c2a57a12bd160dd37e20f87aa968c82ad639af6972185609d47036c0d93b4b7269b74ebd7073221c10"),
 		},
-		251: []NodeID{
+		251: {
 			MustHexID("9b8f702a62d1bee67bedfeb102eca7f37fa1713e310f0d6651cc0c33ea7c5477575289ccd463e5a2574a00a676a1fdce05658ba447bb9d2827f0ba47b947e894"),
 			MustHexID("b97532eb83054ed054b4abdf413bb30c00e4205545c93521554dbe77faa3cfaa5bd31ef466a107b0b34a71ec97214c0c83919720142cddac93aa7a3e928d4708"),
 			MustHexID("2f7a5e952bfb67f2f90b8441b5fadc9ee13b1dcde3afeeb3dd64bf937f86663cc5c55d1fa83952b5422763c7df1b7f2794b751c6be316ebc0beb4942e65ab8c1"),
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("fcc9a2e1ac3667026ff16192876d1813bb75abdbf39b929a92863012fe8b1d890badea7a0de36274d5c1eb1e8f975785532c50d80fd44b1a4b692f437303393f"),
 			MustHexID("6d8b3efb461151dd4f6de809b62726f5b89e9b38e9ba1391967f61cde844f7528fecf821b74049207cee5a527096b31f3ad623928cd3ce51d926fa345a6b2951"),
 		},
-		252: []NodeID{
+		252: {
 			MustHexID("f1ae93157cc48c2075dd5868fbf523e79e06caf4b8198f352f6e526680b78ff4227263de92612f7d63472bd09367bb92a636fff16fe46ccf41614f7a72495c2a"),
 			MustHexID("587f482d111b239c27c0cb89b51dd5d574db8efd8de14a2e6a1400c54d4567e77c65f89c1da52841212080b91604104768350276b6682f2f961cdaf4039581c7"),
 			MustHexID("e3f88274d35cefdaabdf205afe0e80e936cc982b8e3e47a84ce664c413b29016a4fb4f3a3ebae0a2f79671f8323661ed462bf4390af94c424dc8ace0c301b90f"),
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("d84f06fe64debc4cd0625e36d19b99014b6218375262cc2209202bdbafd7dffcc4e34ce6398e182e02fd8faeed622c3e175545864902dfd3d1ac57647cddf4c6"),
 			MustHexID("d0ed87b294f38f1d741eb601020eeec30ac16331d05880fe27868f1e454446de367d7457b41c79e202eaf9525b029e4f1d7e17d85a55f83a557c005c68d7328a"),
 		},
-		253: []NodeID{
+		253: {
 			MustHexID("ad4485e386e3cc7c7310366a7c38fb810b8896c0d52e55944bfd320ca294e7912d6c53c0a0cf85e7ce226e92491d60430e86f8f15cda0161ed71893fb4a9e3a1"),
 			MustHexID("36d0e7e5b7734f98c6183eeeb8ac5130a85e910a925311a19c4941b1290f945d4fc3996b12ef4966960b6fa0fb29b1604f83a0f81bd5fd6398d2e1a22e46af0c"),
 			MustHexID("7d307d8acb4a561afa23bdf0bd945d35c90245e26345ec3a1f9f7df354222a7cdcb81339c9ed6744526c27a1a0c8d10857e98df942fa433602facac71ac68a31"),
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("7a369b2b8962cc4c65900be046482fbf7c14f98a135bbbae25152c82ad168fb2097b3d1429197cf46d3ce9fdeb64808f908a489cc6019725db040060fdfe5405"),
 			MustHexID("47bcae48288da5ecc7f5058dfa07cf14d89d06d6e449cb946e237aa6652ea050d9f5a24a65efdc0013ccf232bf88670979eddef249b054f63f38da9d7796dbd8"),
 		},
-		254: []NodeID{
+		254: {
 			MustHexID("099739d7abc8abd38ecc7a816c521a1168a4dbd359fa7212a5123ab583ffa1cf485a5fed219575d6475dbcdd541638b2d3631a6c7fce7474e7fe3cba1d4d5853"),
 			MustHexID("c2b01603b088a7182d0cf7ef29fb2b04c70acb320fccf78526bf9472e10c74ee70b3fcfa6f4b11d167bd7d3bc4d936b660f2c9bff934793d97cb21750e7c3d31"),
 			MustHexID("20e4d8f45f2f863e94b45548c1ef22a11f7d36f263e4f8623761e05a64c4572379b000a52211751e2561b0f14f4fc92dd4130410c8ccc71eb4f0e95a700d4ca9"),
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("82504b6eb49bb2c0f91a7006ce9cefdbaf6df38706198502c2e06601091fc9dc91e4f15db3410d45c6af355bc270b0f268d3dff560f956985c7332d4b10bd1ed"),
 			MustHexID("b39b5b677b45944ceebe76e76d1f051de2f2a0ec7b0d650da52135743e66a9a5dba45f638258f9a7545d9a790c7fe6d3fdf82c25425c7887323e45d27d06c057"),
 		},
-		255: []NodeID{
+		255: {
 			MustHexID("5c4d58d46e055dd1f093f81ee60a675e1f02f54da6206720adee4dccef9b67a31efc5c2a2949c31a04ee31beadc79aba10da31440a1f9ff2a24093c63c36d784"),
 			MustHexID("ea72161ffdd4b1e124c7b93b0684805f4c4b58d617ed498b37a145c670dbc2e04976f8785583d9c805ffbf343c31d492d79f841652bbbd01b61ed85640b23495"),
 			MustHexID("51caa1d93352d47a8e531692a3612adac1e8ac68d0a200d086c1c57ae1e1a91aa285ab242e8c52ef9d7afe374c9485b122ae815f1707b875569d0433c1c3ce85"),
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("f492c6ee2696d5f682f7f537757e52744c2ae560f1090a07024609e903d334e9e174fc01609c5a229ddbcac36c9d21adaf6457dab38a25bfd44f2f0ee4277998"),
 			MustHexID("459e4db99298cb0467a90acee6888b08bb857450deac11015cced5104853be5adce5b69c740968bc7f931495d671a70cad9f48546d7cd203357fe9af0e8d2164"),
 		},
-		256: []NodeID{
+		256: {
 			MustHexID("a8593af8a4aef7b806b5197612017951bac8845a1917ca9a6a15dd6086d608505144990b245785c4cd2d67a295701c7aac2aa18823fb0033987284b019656268"),
 			MustHexID("d2eebef914928c3aad77fc1b2a495f52d2294acf5edaa7d8a530b540f094b861a68fe8348a46a7c302f08ab609d85912a4968eacfea0740847b29421b4795d9e"),
 			MustHexID("b14bfcb31495f32b650b63cf7d08492e3e29071fdc73cf2da0da48d4b191a70ba1a65f42ad8c343206101f00f8a48e8db4b08bf3f622c0853e7323b250835b91"),
diff --git a/p2p/discv5/database_test.go b/p2p/discv5/database_test.go
index 4d3330ed2..a2ccb6467 100644
--- a/p2p/discv5/database_test.go
+++ b/p2p/discv5/database_test.go
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@ func TestNodeDBSeedQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(seeds) != len(want) {
 		t.Errorf("seed count mismatch: have %v, want %v", len(seeds), len(want))
 	}
-	for id, _ := range have {
+	for id := range have {
 		if _, ok := want[id]; !ok {
 			t.Errorf("extra seed: %v", id)
 		}
 	}
-	for id, _ := range want {
+	for id := range want {
 		if _, ok := have[id]; !ok {
 			t.Errorf("missing seed: %v", id)
 		}
diff --git a/p2p/discv5/net_test.go b/p2p/discv5/net_test.go
index 327457c7c..bd234f5ba 100644
--- a/p2p/discv5/net_test.go
+++ b/p2p/discv5/net_test.go
@@ -69,19 +69,19 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 	target:    MustHexID("166aea4f556532c6d34e8b740e5d314af7e9ac0ca79833bd751d6b665f12dfd38ec563c363b32f02aef4a80b44fd3def94612d497b99cb5f17fd24de454927ec"),
 	targetSha: common.Hash{0x5c, 0x94, 0x4e, 0xe5, 0x1c, 0x5a, 0xe9, 0xf7, 0x2a, 0x95, 0xec, 0xcb, 0x8a, 0xed, 0x3, 0x74, 0xee, 0xcb, 0x51, 0x19, 0xd7, 0x20, 0xcb, 0xea, 0x68, 0x13, 0xe8, 0xe0, 0xd6, 0xad, 0x92, 0x61},
 	dists: [257][]NodeID{
-		240: []NodeID{
+		240: {
 			MustHexID("2001ad5e3e80c71b952161bc0186731cf5ffe942d24a79230a0555802296238e57ea7a32f5b6f18564eadc1c65389448481f8c9338df0a3dbd18f708cbc2cbcb"),
 			MustHexID("6ba3f4f57d084b6bf94cc4555b8c657e4a8ac7b7baf23c6874efc21dd1e4f56b7eb2721e07f5242d2f1d8381fc8cae535e860197c69236798ba1ad231b105794"),
 		},
-		244: []NodeID{
+		244: {
 			MustHexID("696ba1f0a9d55c59246f776600542a9e6432490f0cd78f8bb55a196918df2081a9b521c3c3ba48e465a75c10768807717f8f689b0b4adce00e1c75737552a178"),
 		},
-		246: []NodeID{
+		246: {
 			MustHexID("d6d32178bdc38416f46ffb8b3ec9e4cb2cfff8d04dd7e4311a70e403cb62b10be1b447311b60b4f9ee221a8131fc2cbd45b96dd80deba68a949d467241facfa8"),
 			MustHexID("3ea3d04a43a3dfb5ac11cffc2319248cf41b6279659393c2f55b8a0a5fc9d12581a9d97ef5d8ff9b5abf3321a290e8f63a4f785f450dc8a672aba3ba2ff4fdab"),
 			MustHexID("2fc897f05ae585553e5c014effd3078f84f37f9333afacffb109f00ca8e7a3373de810a3946be971cbccdfd40249f9fe7f322118ea459ac71acca85a1ef8b7f4"),
 		},
-		247: []NodeID{
+		247: {
 			MustHexID("3155e1427f85f10a5c9a7755877748041af1bcd8d474ec065eb33df57a97babf54bfd2103575fa829115d224c523596b401065a97f74010610fce76382c0bf32"),
 			MustHexID("312c55512422cf9b8a4097e9a6ad79402e87a15ae909a4bfefa22398f03d20951933beea1e4dfa6f968212385e829f04c2d314fc2d4e255e0d3bc08792b069db"),
 			MustHexID("38643200b172dcfef857492156971f0e6aa2c538d8b74010f8e140811d53b98c765dd2d96126051913f44582e8c199ad7c6d6819e9a56483f637feaac9448aac"),
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("4ab0a75941b12892369b4490a1928c8ca52a9ad6d3dffbd1d8c0b907bc200fe74c022d011ec39b64808a39c0ca41f1d3254386c3e7733e7044c44259486461b6"),
 			MustHexID("d45150a72dc74388773e68e03133a3b5f51447fe91837d566706b3c035ee4b56f160c878c6273394daee7f56cc398985269052f22f75a8057df2fe6172765354"),
 		},
-		248: []NodeID{
+		248: {
 			MustHexID("6aadfce366a189bab08ac84721567483202c86590642ea6d6a14f37ca78d82bdb6509eb7b8b2f6f63c78ae3ae1d8837c89509e41497d719b23ad53dd81574afa"),
 			MustHexID("a605ecfd6069a4cf4cf7f5840e5bc0ce10d23a3ac59e2aaa70c6afd5637359d2519b4524f56fc2ca180cdbebe54262f720ccaae8c1b28fd553c485675831624d"),
 			MustHexID("29701451cb9448ca33fc33680b44b840d815be90146eb521641efbffed0859c154e8892d3906eae9934bfacee72cd1d2fa9dd050fd18888eea49da155ab0efd2"),
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("b76ea1a6fd6506ef6e3506a4f1f60ed6287fff8114af6141b2ff13e61242331b54082b023cfea5b3083354a4fb3f9eb8be01fb4a518f579e731a5d0707291a6b"),
 			MustHexID("9b53a37950ca8890ee349b325032d7b672cab7eced178d3060137b24ef6b92a43977922d5bdfb4a3409a2d80128e02f795f9dae6d7d99973ad0e23a2afb8442f"),
 		},
-		249: []NodeID{
+		249: {
 			MustHexID("675ae65567c3c72c50c73bc0fd4f61f202ea5f93346ca57b551de3411ccc614fad61cb9035493af47615311b9d44ee7a161972ee4d77c28fe1ec029d01434e6a"),
 			MustHexID("8eb81408389da88536ae5800392b16ef5109d7ea132c18e9a82928047ecdb502693f6e4a4cdd18b54296caf561db937185731456c456c98bfe7de0baf0eaa495"),
 			MustHexID("2adba8b1612a541771cb93a726a38a4b88e97b18eced2593eb7daf82f05a5321ca94a72cc780c306ff21e551a932fc2c6d791e4681907b5ceab7f084c3fa2944"),
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("d94193f236105010972f5df1b7818b55846592a0445b9cdc4eaed811b8c4c0f7c27dc8cc9837a4774656d6b34682d6d329d42b6ebb55da1d475c2474dc3dfdf4"),
 			MustHexID("edd9af6aded4094e9785637c28fccbd3980cbe28e2eb9a411048a23c2ace4bd6b0b7088a7817997b49a3dd05fc6929ca6c7abbb69438dbdabe65e971d2a794b2"),
 		},
-		250: []NodeID{
+		250: {
 			MustHexID("53a5bd1215d4ab709ae8fdc2ced50bba320bced78bd9c5dc92947fb402250c914891786db0978c898c058493f86fc68b1c5de8a5cb36336150ac7a88655b6c39"),
 			MustHexID("b7f79e3ab59f79262623c9ccefc8f01d682323aee56ffbe295437487e9d5acaf556a9c92e1f1c6a9601f2b9eb6b027ae1aeaebac71d61b9b78e88676efd3e1a3"),
 			MustHexID("d374bf7e8d7ffff69cc00bebff38ef5bc1dcb0a8d51c1a3d70e61ac6b2e2d6617109254b0ac224354dfbf79009fe4239e09020c483cc60c071e00b9238684f30"),
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("5b116f0751526868a909b61a30b0c5282c37df6925cc03ddea556ef0d0602a9595fd6c14d371f8ed7d45d89918a032dcd22be4342a8793d88fdbeb3ca3d75bd7"),
 			MustHexID("50f3222fb6b82481c7c813b2172e1daea43e2710a443b9c2a57a12bd160dd37e20f87aa968c82ad639af6972185609d47036c0d93b4b7269b74ebd7073221c10"),
 		},
-		251: []NodeID{
+		251: {
 			MustHexID("9b8f702a62d1bee67bedfeb102eca7f37fa1713e310f0d6651cc0c33ea7c5477575289ccd463e5a2574a00a676a1fdce05658ba447bb9d2827f0ba47b947e894"),
 			MustHexID("b97532eb83054ed054b4abdf413bb30c00e4205545c93521554dbe77faa3cfaa5bd31ef466a107b0b34a71ec97214c0c83919720142cddac93aa7a3e928d4708"),
 			MustHexID("2f7a5e952bfb67f2f90b8441b5fadc9ee13b1dcde3afeeb3dd64bf937f86663cc5c55d1fa83952b5422763c7df1b7f2794b751c6be316ebc0beb4942e65ab8c1"),
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("fcc9a2e1ac3667026ff16192876d1813bb75abdbf39b929a92863012fe8b1d890badea7a0de36274d5c1eb1e8f975785532c50d80fd44b1a4b692f437303393f"),
 			MustHexID("6d8b3efb461151dd4f6de809b62726f5b89e9b38e9ba1391967f61cde844f7528fecf821b74049207cee5a527096b31f3ad623928cd3ce51d926fa345a6b2951"),
 		},
-		252: []NodeID{
+		252: {
 			MustHexID("f1ae93157cc48c2075dd5868fbf523e79e06caf4b8198f352f6e526680b78ff4227263de92612f7d63472bd09367bb92a636fff16fe46ccf41614f7a72495c2a"),
 			MustHexID("587f482d111b239c27c0cb89b51dd5d574db8efd8de14a2e6a1400c54d4567e77c65f89c1da52841212080b91604104768350276b6682f2f961cdaf4039581c7"),
 			MustHexID("e3f88274d35cefdaabdf205afe0e80e936cc982b8e3e47a84ce664c413b29016a4fb4f3a3ebae0a2f79671f8323661ed462bf4390af94c424dc8ace0c301b90f"),
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("d84f06fe64debc4cd0625e36d19b99014b6218375262cc2209202bdbafd7dffcc4e34ce6398e182e02fd8faeed622c3e175545864902dfd3d1ac57647cddf4c6"),
 			MustHexID("d0ed87b294f38f1d741eb601020eeec30ac16331d05880fe27868f1e454446de367d7457b41c79e202eaf9525b029e4f1d7e17d85a55f83a557c005c68d7328a"),
 		},
-		253: []NodeID{
+		253: {
 			MustHexID("ad4485e386e3cc7c7310366a7c38fb810b8896c0d52e55944bfd320ca294e7912d6c53c0a0cf85e7ce226e92491d60430e86f8f15cda0161ed71893fb4a9e3a1"),
 			MustHexID("36d0e7e5b7734f98c6183eeeb8ac5130a85e910a925311a19c4941b1290f945d4fc3996b12ef4966960b6fa0fb29b1604f83a0f81bd5fd6398d2e1a22e46af0c"),
 			MustHexID("7d307d8acb4a561afa23bdf0bd945d35c90245e26345ec3a1f9f7df354222a7cdcb81339c9ed6744526c27a1a0c8d10857e98df942fa433602facac71ac68a31"),
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("7a369b2b8962cc4c65900be046482fbf7c14f98a135bbbae25152c82ad168fb2097b3d1429197cf46d3ce9fdeb64808f908a489cc6019725db040060fdfe5405"),
 			MustHexID("47bcae48288da5ecc7f5058dfa07cf14d89d06d6e449cb946e237aa6652ea050d9f5a24a65efdc0013ccf232bf88670979eddef249b054f63f38da9d7796dbd8"),
 		},
-		254: []NodeID{
+		254: {
 			MustHexID("099739d7abc8abd38ecc7a816c521a1168a4dbd359fa7212a5123ab583ffa1cf485a5fed219575d6475dbcdd541638b2d3631a6c7fce7474e7fe3cba1d4d5853"),
 			MustHexID("c2b01603b088a7182d0cf7ef29fb2b04c70acb320fccf78526bf9472e10c74ee70b3fcfa6f4b11d167bd7d3bc4d936b660f2c9bff934793d97cb21750e7c3d31"),
 			MustHexID("20e4d8f45f2f863e94b45548c1ef22a11f7d36f263e4f8623761e05a64c4572379b000a52211751e2561b0f14f4fc92dd4130410c8ccc71eb4f0e95a700d4ca9"),
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("82504b6eb49bb2c0f91a7006ce9cefdbaf6df38706198502c2e06601091fc9dc91e4f15db3410d45c6af355bc270b0f268d3dff560f956985c7332d4b10bd1ed"),
 			MustHexID("b39b5b677b45944ceebe76e76d1f051de2f2a0ec7b0d650da52135743e66a9a5dba45f638258f9a7545d9a790c7fe6d3fdf82c25425c7887323e45d27d06c057"),
 		},
-		255: []NodeID{
+		255: {
 			MustHexID("5c4d58d46e055dd1f093f81ee60a675e1f02f54da6206720adee4dccef9b67a31efc5c2a2949c31a04ee31beadc79aba10da31440a1f9ff2a24093c63c36d784"),
 			MustHexID("ea72161ffdd4b1e124c7b93b0684805f4c4b58d617ed498b37a145c670dbc2e04976f8785583d9c805ffbf343c31d492d79f841652bbbd01b61ed85640b23495"),
 			MustHexID("51caa1d93352d47a8e531692a3612adac1e8ac68d0a200d086c1c57ae1e1a91aa285ab242e8c52ef9d7afe374c9485b122ae815f1707b875569d0433c1c3ce85"),
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ var lookupTestnet = &preminedTestnet{
 			MustHexID("f492c6ee2696d5f682f7f537757e52744c2ae560f1090a07024609e903d334e9e174fc01609c5a229ddbcac36c9d21adaf6457dab38a25bfd44f2f0ee4277998"),
 			MustHexID("459e4db99298cb0467a90acee6888b08bb857450deac11015cced5104853be5adce5b69c740968bc7f931495d671a70cad9f48546d7cd203357fe9af0e8d2164"),
 		},
-		256: []NodeID{
+		256: {
 			MustHexID("a8593af8a4aef7b806b5197612017951bac8845a1917ca9a6a15dd6086d608505144990b245785c4cd2d67a295701c7aac2aa18823fb0033987284b019656268"),
 			MustHexID("d2eebef914928c3aad77fc1b2a495f52d2294acf5edaa7d8a530b540f094b861a68fe8348a46a7c302f08ab609d85912a4968eacfea0740847b29421b4795d9e"),
 			MustHexID("b14bfcb31495f32b650b63cf7d08492e3e29071fdc73cf2da0da48d4b191a70ba1a65f42ad8c343206101f00f8a48e8db4b08bf3f622c0853e7323b250835b91"),
diff --git a/p2p/discv5/sim_test.go b/p2p/discv5/sim_test.go
index cb64d7fa0..3f7fe7463 100644
--- a/p2p/discv5/sim_test.go
+++ b/p2p/discv5/sim_test.go
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func TestSimTopics(t *testing.T) {
 
 	go func() {
 		nets := make([]*Network, 1024)
-		for i, _ := range nets {
+		for i := range nets {
 			net := sim.launchNode(false)
 			nets[i] = net
 			if err := net.SetFallbackNodes([]*Node{bootnode.Self()}); err != nil {
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func TestSimTopics(t *testing.T) {
 func testHierarchicalTopics(i int) []Topic {
 	digits := strconv.FormatInt(int64(128+i/8), 2)
 	res := make([]Topic, 8)
-	for i, _ := range res {
+	for i := range res {
 		res[i] = Topic("foo" + digits[1:i+1])
 	}
 	return res
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func TestSimTopicHierarchy(t *testing.T) {
 
 	go func() {
 		nets := make([]*Network, 1024)
-		for i, _ := range nets {
+		for i := range nets {
 			net := sim.launchNode(false)
 			nets[i] = net
 			if err := net.SetFallbackNodes([]*Node{bootnode.Self()}); err != nil {
diff --git a/p2p/discv5/ticket.go b/p2p/discv5/ticket.go
index 752fdc9b4..48dd114f0 100644
--- a/p2p/discv5/ticket.go
+++ b/p2p/discv5/ticket.go
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ func (r *topicRadius) recalcRadius() (radius uint64, radiusLookup int) {
 	maxValue := float64(0)
 	now := mclock.Now()
 	v := float64(0)
-	for i, _ := range r.buckets {
+	for i := range r.buckets {
 		r.buckets[i].update(now)
 		v += r.buckets[i].weights[trOutside] - r.buckets[i].weights[trInside]
 		r.buckets[i].value = v
diff --git a/p2p/discv5/topic.go b/p2p/discv5/topic.go
index 625921e84..b6bea013c 100644
--- a/p2p/discv5/topic.go
+++ b/p2p/discv5/topic.go
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func (t *topicTable) collectGarbage() {
 		t.checkDeleteNode(node)
 	}
 
-	for topic, _ := range t.topics {
+	for topic := range t.topics {
 		t.checkDeleteTopic(topic)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/p2p/nat/natpmp.go b/p2p/nat/natpmp.go
index c2f940891..577a424fb 100644
--- a/p2p/nat/natpmp.go
+++ b/p2p/nat/natpmp.go
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func discoverPMP() Interface {
 	// any responses after a very short timeout.
 	timeout := time.NewTimer(1 * time.Second)
 	defer timeout.Stop()
-	for _ = range gws {
+	for range gws {
 		select {
 		case c := <-found:
 			if c != nil {
diff --git a/p2p/peer_test.go b/p2p/peer_test.go
index 6f96a823b..f44300b15 100644
--- a/p2p/peer_test.go
+++ b/p2p/peer_test.go
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ func TestMatchProtocols(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 		// Make sure no protocols missed negotiation
-		for name, _ := range tt.Match {
+		for name := range tt.Match {
 			if _, ok := result[name]; !ok {
 				t.Errorf("test %d, proto '%s': not negotiated, should have", i, name)
 				continue
diff --git a/rpc/json.go b/rpc/json.go
index ac5a4acd3..61a4ddf43 100644
--- a/rpc/json.go
+++ b/rpc/json.go
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ func parseRequest(incomingMsg json.RawMessage) ([]rpcRequest, bool, Error) {
 
 	// subscribe are special, they will always use `subscribeMethod` as first param in the payload
 	if in.Method == subscribeMethod {
-		reqs := []rpcRequest{rpcRequest{id: &in.Id, isPubSub: true}}
+		reqs := []rpcRequest{{id: &in.Id, isPubSub: true}}
 		if len(in.Payload) > 0 {
 			// first param must be subscription name
 			var subscribeMethod [1]string
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ func parseRequest(incomingMsg json.RawMessage) ([]rpcRequest, bool, Error) {
 	}
 
 	if in.Method == unsubscribeMethod {
-		return []rpcRequest{rpcRequest{id: &in.Id, isPubSub: true,
+		return []rpcRequest{{id: &in.Id, isPubSub: true,
 			method: unsubscribeMethod, params: in.Payload}}, false, nil
 	}
 
@@ -195,10 +195,10 @@ func parseRequest(incomingMsg json.RawMessage) ([]rpcRequest, bool, Error) {
 
 	// regular RPC call
 	if len(in.Payload) == 0 {
-		return []rpcRequest{rpcRequest{service: elems[0], method: elems[1], id: &in.Id}}, false, nil
+		return []rpcRequest{{service: elems[0], method: elems[1], id: &in.Id}}, false, nil
 	}
 
-	return []rpcRequest{rpcRequest{service: elems[0], method: elems[1], id: &in.Id, params: in.Payload}}, false, nil
+	return []rpcRequest{{service: elems[0], method: elems[1], id: &in.Id, params: in.Payload}}, false, nil
 }
 
 // parseBatchRequest will parse a batch request into a collection of requests from the given RawMessage, an indication
diff --git a/swarm/storage/dpa_test.go b/swarm/storage/dpa_test.go
index 1cde1c00e..a68232407 100644
--- a/swarm/storage/dpa_test.go
+++ b/swarm/storage/dpa_test.go
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func TestDPArandom(t *testing.T) {
 	ioutil.WriteFile("/tmp/result.bzz.16M", resultSlice, 0666)
 	localStore.memStore = NewMemStore(dbStore, defaultCacheCapacity)
 	resultReader = dpa.Retrieve(key)
-	for i, _ := range resultSlice {
+	for i := range resultSlice {
 		resultSlice[i] = 0
 	}
 	n, err = resultReader.ReadAt(resultSlice, 0)
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ func TestDPA_capacity(t *testing.T) {
 	dpa.ChunkStore = localStore
 	//	localStore.dbStore.setCapacity(0)
 	resultReader = dpa.Retrieve(key)
-	for i, _ := range resultSlice {
+	for i := range resultSlice {
 		resultSlice[i] = 0
 	}
 	n, err = resultReader.ReadAt(resultSlice, 0)
diff --git a/trie/encoding.go b/trie/encoding.go
index 761bad188..2037118dd 100644
--- a/trie/encoding.go
+++ b/trie/encoding.go
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func compactHexEncode(nibbles []byte) []byte {
 	}
 	l := (nl + 1) / 2
 	var str = make([]byte, l)
-	for i, _ := range str {
+	for i := range str {
 		b := nibbles[i*2] * 16
 		if nl > i*2 {
 			b += nibbles[i*2+1]
diff --git a/trie/iterator_test.go b/trie/iterator_test.go
index 2bcc3700e..c56ac85be 100644
--- a/trie/iterator_test.go
+++ b/trie/iterator_test.go
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func TestNodeIteratorCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	// Cross check the hashes and the database itself
-	for hash, _ := range hashes {
+	for hash := range hashes {
 		if _, err := db.Get(hash.Bytes()); err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("failed to retrieve reported node %x: %v", hash, err)
 		}
diff --git a/trie/sync_test.go b/trie/sync_test.go
index 5edbd0746..6405a51c3 100644
--- a/trie/sync_test.go
+++ b/trie/sync_test.go
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomTrieSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 	for len(queue) > 0 {
 		// Fetch all the queued nodes in a random order
 		results := make([]SyncResult, 0, len(queue))
-		for hash, _ := range queue {
+		for hash := range queue {
 			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedTrieSync(t *testing.T) {
 	for len(queue) > 0 {
 		// Sync only half of the scheduled nodes, even those in random order
 		results := make([]SyncResult, 0, len(queue)/2+1)
-		for hash, _ := range queue {
+		for hash := range queue {
 			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv2/filter.go b/whisper/whisperv2/filter.go
index 8ce4a54fb..ed7dcd6ae 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv2/filter.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv2/filter.go
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func (self filterer) Compare(f filter.Filter) bool {
 	topics := make([]Topic, len(filter.matcher.conditions))
 	for i, group := range filter.matcher.conditions {
 		// Message should contain a single topic entry, extract
-		for topics[i], _ = range group {
+		for topics[i] = range group {
 			break
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv2/peer.go b/whisper/whisperv2/peer.go
index 404ebd513..f09ce3523 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv2/peer.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv2/peer.go
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func (self *peer) expire() {
 		return true
 	})
 	// Dump all known but unavailable
-	for hash, _ := range unmark {
+	for hash := range unmark {
 		self.known.Remove(hash)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv2/peer_test.go b/whisper/whisperv2/peer_test.go
index 9755e134c..87ca5063d 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv2/peer_test.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv2/peer_test.go
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func TestPeerMessageExpiration(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("peer pool size mismatch: have %v, want %v", peers, 1)
 	}
 	var peer *peer
-	for peer, _ = range tester.client.peers {
+	for peer = range tester.client.peers {
 		break
 	}
 	tester.client.peerMu.RUnlock()
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv2/topic_test.go b/whisper/whisperv2/topic_test.go
index efd4a2c61..66c84ba35 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv2/topic_test.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv2/topic_test.go
@@ -73,30 +73,30 @@ var topicMatcherCreationTest = struct {
 	matcher []map[[4]byte]struct{}
 }{
 	binary: [][][]byte{
-		[][]byte{},
-		[][]byte{
+		{},
+		{
 			[]byte("Topic A"),
 		},
-		[][]byte{
+		{
 			[]byte("Topic B1"),
 			[]byte("Topic B2"),
 			[]byte("Topic B3"),
 		},
 	},
 	textual: [][]string{
-		[]string{},
-		[]string{"Topic A"},
-		[]string{"Topic B1", "Topic B2", "Topic B3"},
+		{},
+		{"Topic A"},
+		{"Topic B1", "Topic B2", "Topic B3"},
 	},
 	matcher: []map[[4]byte]struct{}{
-		map[[4]byte]struct{}{},
-		map[[4]byte]struct{}{
-			[4]byte{0x25, 0xfc, 0x95, 0x66}: struct{}{},
+		{},
+		{
+			{0x25, 0xfc, 0x95, 0x66}: {},
 		},
-		map[[4]byte]struct{}{
-			[4]byte{0x93, 0x6d, 0xec, 0x09}: struct{}{},
-			[4]byte{0x25, 0x23, 0x34, 0xd3}: struct{}{},
-			[4]byte{0x6b, 0xc2, 0x73, 0xd1}: struct{}{},
+		{
+			{0x93, 0x6d, 0xec, 0x09}: {},
+			{0x25, 0x23, 0x34, 0xd3}: {},
+			{0x6b, 0xc2, 0x73, 0xd1}: {},
 		},
 	},
 }
@@ -106,14 +106,14 @@ func TestTopicMatcherCreation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	matcher := newTopicMatcherFromBinary(test.binary...)
 	for i, cond := range matcher.conditions {
-		for topic, _ := range cond {
+		for topic := range cond {
 			if _, ok := test.matcher[i][topic]; !ok {
 				t.Errorf("condition %d; extra topic found: 0x%x", i, topic[:])
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	for i, cond := range test.matcher {
-		for topic, _ := range cond {
+		for topic := range cond {
 			if _, ok := matcher.conditions[i][topic]; !ok {
 				t.Errorf("condition %d; topic not found: 0x%x", i, topic[:])
 			}
@@ -122,14 +122,14 @@ func TestTopicMatcherCreation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	matcher = newTopicMatcherFromStrings(test.textual...)
 	for i, cond := range matcher.conditions {
-		for topic, _ := range cond {
+		for topic := range cond {
 			if _, ok := test.matcher[i][topic]; !ok {
 				t.Errorf("condition %d; extra topic found: 0x%x", i, topic[:])
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	for i, cond := range test.matcher {
-		for topic, _ := range cond {
+		for topic := range cond {
 			if _, ok := matcher.conditions[i][topic]; !ok {
 				t.Errorf("condition %d; topic not found: 0x%x", i, topic[:])
 			}
@@ -155,49 +155,49 @@ var topicMatcherTests = []struct {
 	},
 	// Fixed topic matcher should match strictly, but only prefix
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a"}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a"}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"a"},
 		match:  false,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a"}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a"}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"a", "b"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a"}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a"}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"a", "b", "c"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
 	// Multi-matcher should match any from a sub-group
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a1", "a2"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a1", "a2"}},
 		topics: []string{"a"},
 		match:  false,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a1", "a2"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a1", "a2"}},
 		topics: []string{"a1"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{"a1", "a2"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{"a1", "a2"}},
 		topics: []string{"a2"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
 	// Wild-card condition should match anything
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"a"},
 		match:  false,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"a", "b"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
 	{
-		filter: [][]string{[]string{}, []string{"b"}},
+		filter: [][]string{{}, {"b"}},
 		topics: []string{"b", "b"},
 		match:  true,
 	},
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv5/peer.go b/whisper/whisperv5/peer.go
index 4273cfce1..634045504 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv5/peer.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv5/peer.go
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func (peer *Peer) expire() {
 		return true
 	})
 	// Dump all known but unavailable
-	for hash, _ := range unmark {
+	for hash := range unmark {
 		peer.known.Remove(hash)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/whisper/whisperv5/whisper.go b/whisper/whisperv5/whisper.go
index 789adbdb3..b514c022e 100644
--- a/whisper/whisperv5/whisper.go
+++ b/whisper/whisperv5/whisper.go
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (w *Whisper) Version() uint {
 func (w *Whisper) getPeer(peerID []byte) (*Peer, error) {
 	w.peerMu.Lock()
 	defer w.peerMu.Unlock()
-	for p, _ := range w.peers {
+	for p := range w.peers {
 		id := p.peer.ID()
 		if bytes.Equal(peerID, id[:]) {
 			return p, nil