package ethchain import ( "bytes" "fmt" "github.com/ethereum/eth-go/ethutil" "math/big" ) /* * The State transitioning model * * A state transition is a change made when a transaction is applied to the current world state * The state transitioning model does all all the necessary work to work out a valid new state root. * 1) Nonce handling * 2) Pre pay / buy gas of the coinbase (miner) * 3) Create a new state object if the recipient is \0*32 * 4) Value transfer * == If contract creation == * 4a) Attempt to run transaction data * 4b) If valid, use result as code for the new state object * == end == * 5) Run Script section * 6) Derive new state root */ type StateTransition struct { coinbase, receiver []byte tx *Transaction gas, gasPrice *big.Int value *big.Int data []byte state *State block *Block cb, rec, sen *StateObject } func NewStateTransition(coinbase *StateObject, tx *Transaction, state *State, block *Block) *StateTransition { return &StateTransition{coinbase.Address(), tx.Recipient, tx, new(big.Int), new(big.Int).Set(tx.GasPrice), tx.Value, tx.Data, state, block, coinbase, nil, nil} } func (self *StateTransition) Coinbase() *StateObject { if self.cb != nil { return self.cb } self.cb = self.state.GetAccount(self.coinbase) return self.cb } func (self *StateTransition) Sender() *StateObject { if self.sen != nil { return self.sen } self.sen = self.state.GetAccount(self.tx.Sender()) return self.sen } func (self *StateTransition) Receiver() *StateObject { if self.tx != nil && self.tx.CreatesContract() { return nil } if self.rec != nil { return self.rec } self.rec = self.state.GetAccount(self.tx.Recipient) return self.rec } func (self *StateTransition) MakeStateObject(state *State, tx *Transaction) *StateObject { contract := MakeContract(tx, state) return contract } func (self *StateTransition) UseGas(amount *big.Int) error { if self.gas.Cmp(amount) < 0 { return OutOfGasError() } self.gas.Sub(self.gas, amount) return nil } func (self *StateTransition) AddGas(amount *big.Int) { self.gas.Add(self.gas, amount) } func (self *StateTransition) BuyGas() error { var err error sender := self.Sender() if sender.Amount.Cmp(self.tx.GasValue()) < 0 { return fmt.Errorf("Insufficient funds to pre-pay gas. Req %v, has %v", self.tx.GasValue(), sender.Amount) } coinbase := self.Coinbase() err = coinbase.BuyGas(self.tx.Gas, self.tx.GasPrice) if err != nil { return err } self.AddGas(self.tx.Gas) sender.SubAmount(self.tx.GasValue()) return nil } func (self *StateTransition) RefundGas() { coinbase, sender := self.Coinbase(), self.Sender() coinbase.RefundGas(self.gas, self.tx.GasPrice) // Return remaining gas remaining := new(big.Int).Mul(self.gas, self.tx.GasPrice) sender.AddAmount(remaining) } func (self *StateTransition) preCheck() (err error) { var ( tx = self.tx sender = self.Sender() ) // Make sure this transaction's nonce is correct if sender.Nonce != tx.Nonce { return NonceError(tx.Nonce, sender.Nonce) } // Pre-pay gas / Buy gas of the coinbase account if err = self.BuyGas(); err != nil { return err } return nil } func (self *StateTransition) TransitionState() (err error) { statelogger.Infof("(~) %x\n", self.tx.Hash()) /* defer func() { if r := recover(); r != nil { logger.Infoln(r) err = fmt.Errorf("state transition err %v", r) } }() */ // XXX Transactions after this point are considered valid. if err = self.preCheck(); err != nil { return } var ( tx = self.tx sender = self.Sender() receiver *StateObject ) defer self.RefundGas() // Increment the nonce for the next transaction sender.Nonce += 1 receiver = self.Receiver() // Transaction gas if err = self.UseGas(GasTx); err != nil { return } // Pay data gas dataPrice := big.NewInt(int64(len(self.data))) dataPrice.Mul(dataPrice, GasData) if err = self.UseGas(dataPrice); err != nil { return } // If the receiver is nil it's a contract (\0*32). if receiver == nil { // Create a new state object for the contract receiver = self.MakeStateObject(self.state, tx) if receiver == nil { return fmt.Errorf("Unable to create contract") } } // Transfer value from sender to receiver if err = self.transferValue(sender, receiver); err != nil { return } // Process the init code and create 'valid' contract if IsContractAddr(self.receiver) { // Evaluate the initialization script // and use the return value as the // script section for the state object. self.data = nil code, err, deepErr := self.Eval(receiver.Init(), receiver) if err != nil || deepErr { self.state.ResetStateObject(receiver) return fmt.Errorf("Error during init script run %v (deepErr = %v)", err, deepErr) } receiver.script = code } else { if len(receiver.Script()) > 0 { var deepErr bool _, err, deepErr = self.Eval(receiver.Script(), receiver) if err != nil { self.state.ResetStateObject(receiver) return fmt.Errorf("Error during code execution %v (deepErr = %v)", err, deepErr) } } } return } func (self *StateTransition) transferValue(sender, receiver *StateObject) error { if sender.Amount.Cmp(self.value) < 0 { return fmt.Errorf("Insufficient funds to transfer value. Req %v, has %v", self.value, sender.Amount) } // Subtract the amount from the senders account sender.SubAmount(self.value) // Add the amount to receivers account which should conclude this transaction receiver.AddAmount(self.value) return nil } func (self *StateTransition) Eval(script []byte, context *StateObject) (ret []byte, err error, deepErr bool) { var ( block = self.block initiator = self.Sender() state = self.state ) closure := NewClosure(initiator, context, script, state, self.gas, self.gasPrice) vm := NewVm(state, nil, RuntimeVars{ Origin: initiator.Address(), Block: block, BlockNumber: block.Number, PrevHash: block.PrevHash, Coinbase: block.Coinbase, Time: block.Time, Diff: block.Difficulty, Value: self.value, }) vm.Verbose = true ret, err, deepErr = Call(vm, closure, self.data) return } func Call(vm *Vm, closure *Closure, data []byte) (ret []byte, err error, deepErr bool) { ret, _, err = closure.Call(vm, data, nil) deepErr = vm.err != nil Paranoia := ethutil.Config.Paranoia if Paranoia { var ( context = closure.object trie = context.state.trie trie2 = ethutil.NewTrie(ethutil.Config.Db, "") ) trie.NewIterator().Each(func(key string, v *ethutil.Value) { trie2.Update(key, v.Str()) }) a := ethutil.NewValue(trie2.Root).Bytes() b := ethutil.NewValue(context.state.trie.Root).Bytes() if bytes.Compare(a, b) != 0 { // TODO FIXME ASAP context.state.trie = trie2 /* statelogger.Debugf("(o): %x\n", trie.Root) trie.NewIterator().Each(func(key string, v *ethutil.Value) { v.Decode() statelogger.Debugf("%x : %x\n", key, v.Str()) }) statelogger.Debugf("(c): %x\n", trie2.Root) trie2.NewIterator().Each(func(key string, v *ethutil.Value) { v.Decode() statelogger.Debugf("%x : %x\n", key, v.Str()) }) */ //return nil, fmt.Errorf("PARANOIA: Different state object roots during copy"), false } } return }