Moved loose some loose test files to sub folders

8 files changed, 1716 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/nonce-tracker-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/nonce-tracker-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fc852458c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/nonce-tracker-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const NonceTracker = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/nonce-tracker')
+const MockTxGen = require('../../../../lib/mock-tx-gen')
+let providerResultStub = {}
+
+describe('Nonce Tracker', function () {
+  let nonceTracker, provider
+  let getPendingTransactions, pendingTxs
+  let getConfirmedTransactions, confirmedTxs
+
+  describe('#getNonceLock', function () {
+
+    describe('with 3 confirmed and 1 pending', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        confirmedTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'confirmed' }, { count: 3 })
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 1 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, confirmedTxs, '0x1')
+      })
+
+      it('should return 4', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '4', `nonce should be 4 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+
+      it('should use localNonce if network returns a nonce lower then a confirmed tx in state', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '4', 'nonce should be 4')
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('sentry issue 476304902', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, {
+          fromNonce: 3,
+          count: 29,
+        })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x3')
+      })
+
+      it('should return 9', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '32', `nonce should be 32 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('issue 3670', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, {
+          fromNonce: 6,
+          count: 3,
+        })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x6')
+      })
+
+      it('should return 9', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '9', `nonce should be 9 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('with no previous txs', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith([], [])
+      })
+
+      it('should return 0', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '0', `nonce should be 0 returned ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('with multiple previous txs with same nonce', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        confirmedTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'confirmed' }, { count: 1 })
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({
+          status: 'submitted',
+          txParams: { nonce: '0x01' },
+        }, { count: 5 })
+
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, confirmedTxs, '0x0')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after those', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '2', `nonce should be 2 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('when local confirmed count is higher than network nonce', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        confirmedTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'confirmed' }, { count: 3 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith([], confirmedTxs, '0x1')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after those', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '3', `nonce should be 3 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('when local pending count is higher than other metrics', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 2 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [])
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after those', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '2', `nonce should be 2 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('when provider nonce is higher than other metrics', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 2 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x05')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after those', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '5', `nonce should be 5 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('when there are some pending nonces below the remote one and some over.', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 5 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x03')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after those', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '5', `nonce should be 5 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('when there are pending nonces non sequentially over the network nonce.', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 5 })
+        // 5 over that number
+        pendingTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'submitted' }, { count: 5 })
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x00')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after network nonce', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '0', `nonce should be 0 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('When all three return different values', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        const confirmedTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'confirmed' }, { count: 10 })
+        const pendingTxs = txGen.generate({
+          status: 'submitted',
+          nonce: 100,
+        }, { count: 1 })
+                                         // 0x32 is 50 in hex:
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, confirmedTxs, '0x32')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after network nonce', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '50', `nonce should be 50 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+
+    describe('Faq issue 67', function () {
+      beforeEach(function () {
+        const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+        const confirmedTxs = txGen.generate({ status: 'confirmed' }, { count: 64 })
+        const pendingTxs = txGen.generate({
+          status: 'submitted',
+        }, { count: 10 })
+                                         // 0x40 is 64 in hex:
+        nonceTracker = generateNonceTrackerWith(pendingTxs, [], '0x40')
+      })
+
+      it('should return nonce after network nonce', async function () {
+        this.timeout(15000)
+        const nonceLock = await nonceTracker.getNonceLock('0x7d3517b0d011698406d6e0aed8453f0be2697926')
+        assert.equal(nonceLock.nextNonce, '74', `nonce should be 74 got ${nonceLock.nextNonce}`)
+        await nonceLock.releaseLock()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+})
+
+function generateNonceTrackerWith (pending, confirmed, providerStub = '0x0') {
+  const getPendingTransactions = () => pending
+  const getConfirmedTransactions = () => confirmed
+  providerResultStub.result = providerStub
+  const provider = {
+    sendAsync: (_, cb) => { cb(undefined, providerResultStub) },
+    _blockTracker: {
+      getCurrentBlock: () => '0x11b568',
+    },
+  }
+  return new NonceTracker({
+    provider,
+    getPendingTransactions,
+    getConfirmedTransactions,
+  })
+}
+
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/pending-tx-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/pending-tx-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7705c594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/pending-tx-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const ethUtil = require('ethereumjs-util')
+const EthTx = require('ethereumjs-tx')
+const ObservableStore = require('obs-store')
+const clone = require('clone')
+const { createTestProviderTools } = require('../../../../stub/provider')
+const PendingTransactionTracker = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/pending-tx-tracker')
+const MockTxGen = require('../../../../lib/mock-tx-gen')
+const sinon = require('sinon')
+const noop = () => true
+const currentNetworkId = 42
+const otherNetworkId = 36
+const privKey = new Buffer('8718b9618a37d1fc78c436511fc6df3c8258d3250635bba617f33003270ec03e', 'hex')
+
+
+describe('PendingTransactionTracker', function () {
+  let pendingTxTracker, txMeta, txMetaNoHash, txMetaNoRawTx, providerResultStub,
+  provider, txMeta3, txList, knownErrors
+  this.timeout(10000)
+  beforeEach(function () {
+    txMeta = {
+      id: 1,
+      hash: '0x0593ee121b92e10d63150ad08b4b8f9c7857d1bd160195ee648fb9a0f8d00eeb',
+      status: 'signed',
+      txParams: {
+        from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+        nonce: '0x1',
+        value: '0xfffff',
+      },
+      rawTx: '0xf86c808504a817c800827b0d940c62bb85faa3311a998d3aba8098c1235c564966880de0b6b3a7640000802aa08ff665feb887a25d4099e40e11f0fef93ee9608f404bd3f853dd9e84ed3317a6a02ec9d3d1d6e176d4d2593dd760e74ccac753e6a0ea0d00cc9789d0d7ff1f471d',
+    }
+    txMetaNoHash = {
+      id: 2,
+      status: 'signed',
+      txParams: { from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d'},
+    }
+    txMetaNoRawTx = {
+      hash: '0x0593ee121b92e10d63150ad08b4b8f9c7857d1bd160195ee648fb9a0f8d00eeb',
+      status: 'signed',
+      txParams: { from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d'},
+    }
+    providerResultStub = {}
+    provider = createTestProviderTools({ scaffold: providerResultStub }).provider
+
+    pendingTxTracker = new PendingTransactionTracker({
+      provider,
+      nonceTracker: {
+        getGlobalLock: async () => {
+          return { releaseLock: () => {} }
+        }
+      },
+      getPendingTransactions: () => {return []},
+      getCompletedTransactions: () => {return []},
+      publishTransaction: () => {},
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('_checkPendingTx state management', function () {
+    let stub
+
+    afterEach(function () {
+      if (stub) {
+        stub.restore()
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('should become failed if another tx with the same nonce succeeds', async function () {
+
+      // SETUP
+      const txGen = new MockTxGen()
+
+      txGen.generate({
+        id: '456',
+        value: '0x01',
+        hash: '0xbad',
+        status: 'confirmed',
+        nonce: '0x01',
+      }, { count: 1 })
+
+      const pending = txGen.generate({
+        id: '123',
+        value: '0x02',
+        hash: '0xfad',
+        status: 'submitted',
+        nonce: '0x01',
+      }, { count: 1 })[0]
+
+      stub = sinon.stub(pendingTxTracker, 'getCompletedTransactions')
+      .returns(txGen.txs)
+
+      // THE EXPECTATION
+      const spy = sinon.spy()
+      pendingTxTracker.on('tx:failed', (txId, err) => {
+        assert.equal(txId, pending.id, 'should fail the pending tx')
+        assert.equal(err.name, 'NonceTakenErr', 'should emit a nonce taken error.')
+        spy(txId, err)
+      })
+
+      // THE METHOD
+      await pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTx(pending)
+
+      // THE ASSERTION
+      assert.ok(spy.calledWith(pending.id), 'tx failed should be emitted')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#checkForTxInBlock', function () {
+    it('should return if no pending transactions', function () {
+      // throw a type error if it trys to do anything on the block
+      // thus failing the test
+      const block = Proxy.revocable({}, {}).revoke()
+      pendingTxTracker.checkForTxInBlock(block)
+    })
+    it('should emit \'tx:failed\' if the txMeta does not have a hash', function (done) {
+      const block = Proxy.revocable({}, {}).revoke()
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => [txMetaNoHash]
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:failed', (txId, err) => {
+        assert(txId, txMetaNoHash.id, 'should pass txId')
+        done()
+      })
+      pendingTxTracker.checkForTxInBlock(block)
+    })
+    it('should emit \'txConfirmed\' if the tx is in the block', function (done) {
+      const block = { transactions: [txMeta]}
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => [txMeta]
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:confirmed', (txId) => {
+        assert(txId, txMeta.id, 'should pass txId')
+        done()
+      })
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:failed', (_, err) => { done(err) })
+      pendingTxTracker.checkForTxInBlock(block)
+    })
+  })
+  describe('#queryPendingTxs', function () {
+    it('should call #_checkPendingTxs if their is no oldBlock', function (done) {
+      let newBlock, oldBlock
+      newBlock = { number: '0x01' }
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTxs = done
+      pendingTxTracker.queryPendingTxs({ oldBlock, newBlock })
+    })
+    it('should call #_checkPendingTxs if oldBlock and the newBlock have a diff of greater then 1', function (done) {
+      let newBlock, oldBlock
+      oldBlock = { number: '0x01' }
+      newBlock = { number: '0x03' }
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTxs = done
+      pendingTxTracker.queryPendingTxs({ oldBlock, newBlock })
+    })
+    it('should not call #_checkPendingTxs if oldBlock and the newBlock have a diff of 1 or less', function (done) {
+      let newBlock, oldBlock
+      oldBlock = { number: '0x1' }
+      newBlock = { number: '0x2' }
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTxs = () => {
+        const err = new Error('should not call #_checkPendingTxs if oldBlock and the newBlock have a diff of 1 or less')
+        done(err)
+      }
+      pendingTxTracker.queryPendingTxs({ oldBlock, newBlock })
+      done()
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#_checkPendingTx', function () {
+    it('should emit \'tx:failed\' if the txMeta does not have a hash', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:failed', (txId, err) => {
+        assert(txId, txMetaNoHash.id, 'should pass txId')
+        done()
+      })
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTx(txMetaNoHash)
+    })
+
+    it('should should return if query does not return txParams', function () {
+      providerResultStub.eth_getTransactionByHash = null
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTx(txMeta)
+    })
+
+    it('should emit \'txConfirmed\'', function (done) {
+      providerResultStub.eth_getTransactionByHash = {blockNumber: '0x01'}
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:confirmed', (txId) => {
+        assert(txId, txMeta.id, 'should pass txId')
+        done()
+      })
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:failed', (_, err) => { done(err) })
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTx(txMeta)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#_checkPendingTxs', function () {
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      const txMeta2 = txMeta3 = txMeta
+      txMeta2.id = 2
+      txMeta3.id = 3
+      txList = [txMeta, txMeta2, txMeta3].map((tx) => {
+        tx.processed = new Promise ((resolve) => { tx.resolve = resolve })
+        return tx
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('should warp all txMeta\'s in #_checkPendingTx', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => txList
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTx = (tx) => { tx.resolve(tx) }
+      const list = txList.map
+      Promise.all(txList.map((tx) => tx.processed))
+      .then((txCompletedList) => done())
+      .catch(done)
+
+      pendingTxTracker._checkPendingTxs()
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#resubmitPendingTxs', function () {
+    const blockStub = { number: '0x0' };
+    beforeEach(function () {
+    const txMeta2 = txMeta3 = txMeta
+    txList = [txMeta, txMeta2, txMeta3].map((tx) => {
+        tx.processed = new Promise ((resolve) => { tx.resolve = resolve })
+        return tx
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('should return if no pending transactions', function () {
+      pendingTxTracker.resubmitPendingTxs()
+    })
+    it('should call #_resubmitTx for all pending tx\'s', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => txList
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx = async (tx) => { tx.resolve(tx) }
+      Promise.all(txList.map((tx) => tx.processed))
+      .then((txCompletedList) => done())
+      .catch(done)
+      pendingTxTracker.resubmitPendingTxs(blockStub)
+    })
+    it('should not emit \'tx:failed\' if the txMeta throws a known txError', function (done) {
+      knownErrors =[
+        // geth
+        '     Replacement transaction Underpriced            ',
+        '       known transaction',
+        // parity
+        'Gas price too low to replace     ',
+        '     transaction with the sAme hash was already imported',
+        // other
+        '       gateway timeout',
+        '         noncE too low       ',
+      ]
+      const enoughForAllErrors = txList.concat(txList)
+
+      pendingTxTracker.on('tx:failed', (_, err) => done(err))
+
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => enoughForAllErrors
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx = async (tx) => {
+        tx.resolve()
+        throw new Error(knownErrors.pop())
+      }
+      Promise.all(txList.map((tx) => tx.processed))
+      .then((txCompletedList) => done())
+      .catch(done)
+
+      pendingTxTracker.resubmitPendingTxs(blockStub)
+    })
+    it('should emit \'tx:warning\' if it encountered a real error', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker.once('tx:warning', (txMeta, err) => {
+        if (err.message === 'im some real error') {
+          const matchingTx = txList.find(tx => tx.id === txMeta.id)
+          matchingTx.resolve()
+        } else {
+          done(err)
+        }
+      })
+
+      pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions = () => txList
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx = async (tx) => { throw new TypeError('im some real error') }
+      Promise.all(txList.map((tx) => tx.processed))
+      .then((txCompletedList) => done())
+      .catch(done)
+
+      pendingTxTracker.resubmitPendingTxs(blockStub)
+    })
+  })
+  describe('#_resubmitTx', function () {
+    const mockFirstRetryBlockNumber = '0x1'
+    let txMetaToTestExponentialBackoff
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      pendingTxTracker.getBalance = (address) => {
+        assert.equal(address, txMeta.txParams.from, 'Should pass the address')
+        return enoughBalance
+      }
+      pendingTxTracker.publishTransaction = async (rawTx) => {
+        assert.equal(rawTx, txMeta.rawTx, 'Should pass the rawTx')
+      }
+      sinon.spy(pendingTxTracker, 'publishTransaction')
+
+      txMetaToTestExponentialBackoff = Object.assign({}, txMeta, {
+        retryCount: 4,
+        firstRetryBlockNumber: mockFirstRetryBlockNumber,
+      })
+    })
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      pendingTxTracker.publishTransaction.restore()
+    })
+
+    it('should publish the transaction', function (done) {
+      const enoughBalance = '0x100000'
+
+      // Stubbing out current account state:
+      // Adding the fake tx:
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx(txMeta)
+      .then(() => done())
+      .catch((err) => {
+       assert.ifError(err, 'should not throw an error')
+       done(err)
+      })
+
+      assert.equal(pendingTxTracker.publishTransaction.callCount, 1, 'Should call publish transaction')
+    })
+
+    it('should not publish the transaction if the limit of retries has been exceeded', function (done) {
+      const enoughBalance = '0x100000'
+      const mockLatestBlockNumber = '0x5'
+
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx(txMetaToTestExponentialBackoff, mockLatestBlockNumber)
+      .then(() => done())
+      .catch((err) => {
+       assert.ifError(err, 'should not throw an error')
+       done(err)
+      })
+
+      assert.equal(pendingTxTracker.publishTransaction.callCount, 0, 'Should NOT call publish transaction')
+    })
+
+    it('should publish the transaction if the number of blocks since last retry exceeds the last set limit', function (done) {
+      const enoughBalance = '0x100000'
+      const mockLatestBlockNumber = '0x11'
+
+      pendingTxTracker._resubmitTx(txMetaToTestExponentialBackoff, mockLatestBlockNumber)
+      .then(() => done())
+      .catch((err) => {
+       assert.ifError(err, 'should not throw an error')
+       done(err)
+      })
+
+      assert.equal(pendingTxTracker.publishTransaction.callCount, 1, 'Should call publish transaction')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#_checkIfNonceIsTaken', function () {
+    beforeEach ( function () {
+      let confirmedTxList = [{
+        id: 1,
+        hash: '0x0593ee121b92e10d63150ad08b4b8f9c7857d1bd160195ee648fb9a0f8d00eeb',
+        status: 'confirmed',
+        txParams: {
+          from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+          nonce: '0x1',
+          value: '0xfffff',
+        },
+        rawTx: '0xf86c808504a817c800827b0d940c62bb85faa3311a998d3aba8098c1235c564966880de0b6b3a7640000802aa08ff665feb887a25d4099e40e11f0fef93ee9608f404bd3f853dd9e84ed3317a6a02ec9d3d1d6e176d4d2593dd760e74ccac753e6a0ea0d00cc9789d0d7ff1f471d',
+      }, {
+        id: 2,
+        hash: '0x0593ee121b92e10d63150ad08b4b8f9c7857d1bd160195ee648fb9a0f8d00eeb',
+        status: 'confirmed',
+        txParams: {
+          from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+          nonce: '0x2',
+          value: '0xfffff',
+        },
+        rawTx: '0xf86c808504a817c800827b0d940c62bb85faa3311a998d3aba8098c1235c564966880de0b6b3a7640000802aa08ff665feb887a25d4099e40e11f0fef93ee9608f404bd3f853dd9e84ed3317a6a02ec9d3d1d6e176d4d2593dd760e74ccac753e6a0ea0d00cc9789d0d7ff1f471d',
+      }]
+      pendingTxTracker.getCompletedTransactions = (address) => {
+        if (!address) throw new Error('unless behavior has changed #_checkIfNonceIsTaken needs a filtered list of transactions to see if the nonce is taken')
+        return confirmedTxList
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('should return false if nonce has not been taken', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker._checkIfNonceIsTaken({
+        txParams: {
+          from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+          nonce: '0x3',
+          value: '0xfffff',
+        },
+      })
+      .then((taken) => {
+        assert.ok(!taken)
+        done()
+      })
+      .catch(done)
+    })
+
+    it('should return true if nonce has been taken', function (done) {
+      pendingTxTracker._checkIfNonceIsTaken({
+        txParams: {
+          from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+          nonce: '0x2',
+          value: '0xfffff',
+        },
+      }).then((taken) => {
+        assert.ok(taken)
+        done()
+      })
+      .catch(done)
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-controller-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-controller-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1d67f64e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-controller-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const ethUtil = require('ethereumjs-util')
+const EthTx = require('ethereumjs-tx')
+const EthjsQuery = require('ethjs-query')
+const ObservableStore = require('obs-store')
+const sinon = require('sinon')
+const TransactionController = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions')
+const TxGasUtils = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/tx-gas-utils')
+const { createTestProviderTools, getTestAccounts } = require('../../../../stub/provider')
+
+const noop = () => true
+const currentNetworkId = 42
+const otherNetworkId = 36
+
+
+describe('Transaction Controller', function () {
+  let txController, provider, providerResultStub, query, fromAccount
+
+  beforeEach(function () {
+    providerResultStub = {
+      // 1 gwei
+      eth_gasPrice: '0x0de0b6b3a7640000',
+      // by default, all accounts are external accounts (not contracts)
+      eth_getCode: '0x',
+    }
+    provider = createTestProviderTools({ scaffold: providerResultStub }).provider
+    query = new EthjsQuery(provider)
+    fromAccount = getTestAccounts()[0]
+
+    txController = new TransactionController({
+      provider,
+      networkStore: new ObservableStore(currentNetworkId),
+      txHistoryLimit: 10,
+      blockTracker: { getCurrentBlock: noop, on: noop, once: noop },
+      signTransaction: (ethTx) => new Promise((resolve) => {
+        ethTx.sign(fromAccount.key)
+        resolve()
+      }),
+    })
+    txController.nonceTracker.getNonceLock = () => Promise.resolve({ nextNonce: 0, releaseLock: noop })
+  })
+
+  describe('#isNonceTaken', function () {
+    it('should return true', function (done) {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+        { id: 2, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+        { id: 3, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+      ])
+      txController.isNonceTaken({txParams: {nonce:0, from:'0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'}})
+      .then((isNonceTaken) => {
+        assert(isNonceTaken)
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+
+    })
+    it('should return false', function (done) {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+        { id: 2, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+        { id: 3, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {nonce: 0, from: '0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'} },
+      ])
+
+      txController.isNonceTaken({txParams: {nonce:0, from:'0x8ACCE2391C0d510a6C5E5D8f819A678F79B7E675'}})
+      .then((isNonceTaken) => {
+        assert(!isNonceTaken)
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getState', function () {
+    it('should return a state object with the right keys and datat types', function () {
+      const exposedState = txController.getState()
+      assert('unapprovedTxs' in exposedState, 'state should have the key unapprovedTxs')
+      assert('selectedAddressTxList' in exposedState, 'state should have the key selectedAddressTxList')
+      assert(typeof exposedState.unapprovedTxs === 'object', 'should be an object')
+      assert(Array.isArray(exposedState.selectedAddressTxList), 'should be an array')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getUnapprovedTxCount', function () {
+    it('should return the number of unapproved txs', function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 2, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 3, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+      ])
+      const unapprovedTxCount = txController.getUnapprovedTxCount()
+      assert.equal(unapprovedTxCount, 3, 'should be 3')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getPendingTxCount', function () {
+    it('should return the number of pending txs', function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 2, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 3, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+      ])
+      const pendingTxCount = txController.getPendingTxCount()
+      assert.equal(pendingTxCount, 3, 'should be 3')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getConfirmedTransactions', function () {
+    let address
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      address = '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d'
+      const txParams = {
+        'from': address,
+        'to': '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d',
+      }
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        {id: 0, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 1, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 2, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 3, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 4, status: 'rejected', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 5, status: 'approved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 6, status: 'signed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 7, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+        {id: 8, status: 'failed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams},
+      ])
+    })
+
+    it('should return the number of confirmed txs', function () {
+      assert.equal(txController.nonceTracker.getConfirmedTransactions(address).length, 3)
+    })
+  })
+
+
+  describe('#newUnapprovedTransaction', function () {
+    let stub, txMeta, txParams
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      txParams = {
+        'from': '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d',
+        'to': '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d',
+      }
+      txMeta = {
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        id: 1,
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+        txParams,
+        history: [],
+      }
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([txMeta])
+      stub = sinon.stub(txController, 'addUnapprovedTransaction').callsFake(() => {
+        txController.emit('newUnapprovedTx', txMeta)
+        return Promise.resolve(txController.txStateManager.addTx(txMeta))
+    })
+
+    afterEach(function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([])
+      stub.restore()
+    })
+  })
+
+    it('should resolve when finished and status is submitted and resolve with the hash', function (done) {
+      txController.once('newUnapprovedTx', (txMetaFromEmit) => {
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          txController.setTxHash(txMetaFromEmit.id, '0x0')
+          txController.txStateManager.setTxStatusSubmitted(txMetaFromEmit.id)
+        }, 10)
+      })
+
+      txController.newUnapprovedTransaction(txParams)
+      .then((hash) => {
+        assert(hash, 'newUnapprovedTransaction needs to return the hash')
+        done()
+      })
+      .catch(done)
+    })
+
+    it('should reject when finished and status is rejected', function (done) {
+      txController.once('newUnapprovedTx', (txMetaFromEmit) => {
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          txController.txStateManager.setTxStatusRejected(txMetaFromEmit.id)
+        }, 10)
+      })
+
+      txController.newUnapprovedTransaction(txParams)
+      .catch((err) => {
+        if (err.message === 'MetaMask Tx Signature: User denied transaction signature.') done()
+        else done(err)
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#addUnapprovedTransaction', function () {
+
+    it('should add an unapproved transaction and return a valid txMeta', function (done) {
+      txController.addUnapprovedTransaction({ from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d' })
+      .then((txMeta) => {
+        assert(('id' in txMeta), 'should have a id')
+        assert(('time' in txMeta), 'should have a time stamp')
+        assert(('metamaskNetworkId' in txMeta), 'should have a metamaskNetworkId')
+        assert(('txParams' in txMeta), 'should have a txParams')
+        assert(('history' in txMeta), 'should have a history')
+
+        const memTxMeta = txController.txStateManager.getTx(txMeta.id)
+        assert.deepEqual(txMeta, memTxMeta, `txMeta should be stored in txController after adding it\n  expected: ${txMeta} \n  got: ${memTxMeta}`)
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+    })
+
+    it('should emit newUnapprovedTx event and pass txMeta as the first argument', function (done) {
+      providerResultStub.eth_gasPrice = '4a817c800'
+      txController.once('newUnapprovedTx', (txMetaFromEmit) => {
+        assert(txMetaFromEmit, 'txMeta is falsey')
+        done()
+      })
+      txController.addUnapprovedTransaction({ from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d' })
+      .catch(done)
+    })
+
+  })
+
+  describe('#addTxGasDefaults', function () {
+    it('should add the tx defaults if their are none', function (done) {
+      const txMeta = {
+        'txParams': {
+          'from': '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d',
+          'to': '0xc684832530fcbddae4b4230a47e991ddcec2831d',
+        },
+      }
+        providerResultStub.eth_gasPrice = '4a817c800'
+        providerResultStub.eth_getBlockByNumber = { gasLimit: '47b784' }
+        providerResultStub.eth_estimateGas = '5209'
+      txController.addTxGasDefaults(txMeta)
+      .then((txMetaWithDefaults) => {
+        assert(txMetaWithDefaults.txParams.value, '0x0', 'should have added 0x0 as the value')
+        assert(txMetaWithDefaults.txParams.gasPrice, 'should have added the gas price')
+        assert(txMetaWithDefaults.txParams.gas, 'should have added the gas field')
+        done()
+      })
+      .catch(done)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#addTx', function () {
+    it('should emit updates', function (done) {
+      const txMeta = {
+        id: '1',
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+        txParams: {},
+      }
+
+      const eventNames = ['update:badge', '1:unapproved']
+      const listeners = []
+      eventNames.forEach((eventName) => {
+        listeners.push(new Promise((resolve) => {
+          txController.once(eventName, (arg) => {
+            resolve(arg)
+          })
+        }))
+      })
+      Promise.all(listeners)
+      .then((returnValues) => {
+        assert.deepEqual(returnValues.pop(), txMeta, 'last event 1:unapproved should return txMeta')
+        done()
+      })
+      .catch(done)
+      txController.addTx(txMeta)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#approveTransaction', function () {
+    let txMeta, originalValue
+
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      originalValue = '0x01'
+      txMeta = {
+        id: '1',
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+        txParams: {
+          nonce: originalValue,
+          gas: originalValue,
+          gasPrice: originalValue,
+        },
+      }
+    })
+
+
+    it('does not overwrite set values', function (done) {
+      this.timeout(15000)
+      const wrongValue = '0x05'
+
+      txController.addTx(txMeta)
+      providerResultStub.eth_gasPrice = wrongValue
+      providerResultStub.eth_estimateGas = '0x5209'
+
+      const signStub = sinon.stub(txController, 'signTransaction').callsFake(() => Promise.resolve())
+
+      const pubStub = sinon.stub(txController, 'publishTransaction').callsFake(() => {
+        txController.setTxHash('1', originalValue)
+        txController.txStateManager.setTxStatusSubmitted('1')
+      })
+
+      txController.approveTransaction(txMeta.id).then(() => {
+        const result = txController.txStateManager.getTx(txMeta.id)
+        const params = result.txParams
+
+        assert.equal(params.gas, originalValue, 'gas unmodified')
+        assert.equal(params.gasPrice, originalValue, 'gas price unmodified')
+        assert.equal(result.hash, originalValue, `hash was set \n got: ${result.hash} \n expected: ${originalValue}`)
+        signStub.restore()
+        pubStub.restore()
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#sign replay-protected tx', function () {
+    it('prepares a tx with the chainId set', function (done) {
+      txController.addTx({ id: '1', status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      txController.signTransaction('1').then((rawTx) => {
+        const ethTx = new EthTx(ethUtil.toBuffer(rawTx))
+        assert.equal(ethTx.getChainId(), currentNetworkId)
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#updateAndApproveTransaction', function () {
+    let txMeta
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      txMeta = {
+        id: 1,
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        txParams: {
+          from: fromAccount.address,
+          to: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+          gasPrice: '0x77359400',
+          gas: '0x7b0d',
+          nonce: '0x4b',
+        },
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+      }
+    })
+    it('should update and approve transactions', async () => {
+      txController.txStateManager.addTx(txMeta)
+      const approvalPromise = txController.updateAndApproveTransaction(txMeta)
+      const tx = txController.txStateManager.getTx(1)
+      assert.equal(tx.status, 'approved')
+      await approvalPromise
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getChainId', function () {
+    it('returns 0 when the chainId is NaN', function () {
+      txController.networkStore = new ObservableStore(NaN)
+      assert.equal(txController.getChainId(), 0)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#cancelTransaction', function () {
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 0, status: 'unapproved', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 1, status: 'rejected', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 2, status: 'approved', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 3, status: 'signed', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 4, status: 'submitted', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 5, status: 'confirmed', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+        { id: 6, status: 'failed', txParams: {}, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}] },
+      ])
+    })
+
+    it('should set the transaction to rejected from unapproved', async function () {
+      await txController.cancelTransaction(0)
+      assert.equal(txController.txStateManager.getTx(0).status, 'rejected')
+    })
+
+  })
+
+  describe('#publishTransaction', function () {
+    let hash, txMeta
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      hash = '0x2a5523c6fa98b47b7d9b6c8320179785150b42a16bcff36b398c5062b65657e8'
+      txMeta = {
+        id: 1,
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        txParams: {},
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+      }
+      providerResultStub.eth_sendRawTransaction = hash
+    })
+
+    it('should publish a tx, updates the rawTx when provided a one', async function () {
+      txController.txStateManager.addTx(txMeta)
+      await txController.publishTransaction(txMeta.id)
+      const publishedTx = txController.txStateManager.getTx(1)
+      assert.equal(publishedTx.hash, hash)
+      assert.equal(publishedTx.status, 'submitted')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#retryTransaction', function () {
+    it('should create a new txMeta with the same txParams as the original one', function (done) {
+      let txParams = {
+        nonce: '0x00',
+        from: '0xB09d8505E1F4EF1CeA089D47094f5DD3464083d4',
+        to: '0xB09d8505E1F4EF1CeA089D47094f5DD3464083d4',
+        data: '0x0',
+      }
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams },
+      ])
+      txController.retryTransaction(1)
+      .then((txMeta) => {
+        assert.equal(txMeta.txParams.nonce, txParams.nonce, 'nonce should be the same')
+        assert.equal(txMeta.txParams.from, txParams.from, 'from should be the same')
+        assert.equal(txMeta.txParams.to, txParams.to, 'to should be the same')
+        assert.equal(txMeta.txParams.data, txParams.data, 'data should be the same')
+        assert.ok(('lastGasPrice' in txMeta), 'should have the key `lastGasPrice`')
+        assert.equal(txController.txStateManager.getTxList().length, 2)
+        done()
+      }).catch(done)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#_markNonceDuplicatesDropped', function () {
+    it('should mark all nonce duplicates as dropped without marking the confirmed transaction as dropped', function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 2, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 3, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 4, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 5, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 6, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+        { id: 7, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, history: [{}], txParams: { nonce: '0x01' } },
+      ])
+      txController._markNonceDuplicatesDropped(1)
+      const confirmedTx = txController.txStateManager.getTx(1)
+      const droppedTxs = txController.txStateManager.getFilteredTxList({ nonce: '0x01', status: 'dropped' })
+      assert.equal(confirmedTx.status, 'confirmed', 'the confirmedTx should remain confirmed')
+      assert.equal(droppedTxs.length, 6, 'their should be 6 dropped txs')
+
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getPendingTransactions', function () {
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      txController.txStateManager._saveTxList([
+        { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 2, status: 'rejected', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 3, status: 'approved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 4, status: 'signed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 5, status: 'submitted', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 6, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+        { id: 7, status: 'failed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} },
+      ])
+    })
+    it('should show only submitted transactions as pending transasction', function () {
+      assert(txController.pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions().length, 1)
+      assert(txController.pendingTxTracker.getPendingTransactions()[0].status, 'submitted')
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-gas-util-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-gas-util-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1ee86033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-gas-util-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const Transaction = require('ethereumjs-tx')
+const BN = require('bn.js')
+
+
+const { hexToBn, bnToHex } = require('../../../../../app/scripts/lib/util')
+const TxUtils = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/tx-gas-utils')
+
+
+describe('txUtils', function () {
+  let txUtils
+
+  before(function () {
+    txUtils = new TxUtils(new Proxy({}, {
+      get: (obj, name) => {
+        return () => {}
+      },
+    }))
+  })
+
+  describe('chain Id', function () {
+    it('prepares a transaction with the provided chainId', function () {
+      const txParams = {
+        to: '0x70ad465e0bab6504002ad58c744ed89c7da38524',
+        from: '0x69ad465e0bab6504002ad58c744ed89c7da38525',
+        value: '0x0',
+        gas: '0x7b0c',
+        gasPrice: '0x199c82cc00',
+        data: '0x',
+        nonce: '0x3',
+        chainId: 42,
+      }
+      const ethTx = new Transaction(txParams)
+      assert.equal(ethTx.getChainId(), 42, 'chainId is set from tx params')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('addGasBuffer', function () {
+    it('multiplies by 1.5, when within block gas limit', function () {
+      // naive estimatedGas: 0x16e360 (1.5 mil)
+      const inputHex = '0x16e360'
+      // dummy gas limit: 0x3d4c52 (4 mil)
+      const blockGasLimitHex = '0x3d4c52'
+      const output = txUtils.addGasBuffer(inputHex, blockGasLimitHex)
+      const inputBn = hexToBn(inputHex)
+      const outputBn = hexToBn(output)
+      const expectedBn = inputBn.muln(1.5)
+      assert(outputBn.eq(expectedBn), 'returns 1.5 the input value')
+    })
+
+    it('uses original estimatedGas, when above block gas limit', function () {
+      // naive estimatedGas: 0x16e360 (1.5 mil)
+      const inputHex = '0x16e360'
+      // dummy gas limit: 0x0f4240 (1 mil)
+      const blockGasLimitHex = '0x0f4240'
+      const output = txUtils.addGasBuffer(inputHex, blockGasLimitHex)
+      // const inputBn = hexToBn(inputHex)
+      const outputBn = hexToBn(output)
+      const expectedBn = hexToBn(inputHex)
+      assert(outputBn.eq(expectedBn), 'returns the original estimatedGas value')
+    })
+
+    it('buffers up to recommend gas limit recommended ceiling', function () {
+      // naive estimatedGas: 0x16e360 (1.5 mil)
+      const inputHex = '0x16e360'
+      // dummy gas limit: 0x1e8480 (2 mil)
+      const blockGasLimitHex = '0x1e8480'
+      const blockGasLimitBn = hexToBn(blockGasLimitHex)
+      const ceilGasLimitBn = blockGasLimitBn.muln(0.9)
+      const output = txUtils.addGasBuffer(inputHex, blockGasLimitHex)
+      // const inputBn = hexToBn(inputHex)
+      // const outputBn = hexToBn(output)
+      const expectedHex = bnToHex(ceilGasLimitBn)
+      assert.equal(output, expectedHex, 'returns the gas limit recommended ceiling value')
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-helper-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-helper-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce54ef483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-helper-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const txHelper = require('../../../../../ui/lib/tx-helper')
+
+describe('txHelper', function () {
+  it('always shows the oldest tx first', function () {
+    const metamaskNetworkId = 1
+    const txs = {
+      a: { metamaskNetworkId, time: 3 },
+      b: { metamaskNetworkId, time: 1 },
+      c: { metamaskNetworkId, time: 2 },
+    }
+
+    const sorted = txHelper(txs, null, null, metamaskNetworkId)
+    assert.equal(sorted[0].time, 1, 'oldest tx first')
+    assert.equal(sorted[2].time, 3, 'newest tx last')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-history-helper-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-history-helper-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4c3a6be1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-history-helper-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const txStateHistoryHelper = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/lib/tx-state-history-helper')
+const testVault = require('../../../../data/v17-long-history.json')
+
+describe ('Transaction state history helper', function () {
+
+  describe('#snapshotFromTxMeta', function () {
+    it('should clone deep', function () {
+      const input = {
+        foo: {
+          bar: {
+            bam: 'baz'
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      const output = txStateHistoryHelper.snapshotFromTxMeta(input)
+      assert('foo' in output, 'has a foo key')
+      assert('bar' in output.foo, 'has a bar key')
+      assert('bam' in output.foo.bar, 'has a bar key')
+      assert.equal(output.foo.bar.bam, 'baz', 'has a baz value')
+    })
+
+    it('should remove the history key', function () {
+      const input = { foo: 'bar', history: 'remembered' }
+      const output = txStateHistoryHelper.snapshotFromTxMeta(input)
+      assert(typeof output.history, 'undefined', 'should remove history')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#migrateFromSnapshotsToDiffs', function () {
+    it('migrates history to diffs and can recover original values', function () {
+      testVault.data.TransactionController.transactions.forEach((tx, index) => {
+        const newHistory = txStateHistoryHelper.migrateFromSnapshotsToDiffs(tx.history)
+        newHistory.forEach((newEntry, index) => {
+          if (index === 0) {
+            assert.equal(Array.isArray(newEntry), false, 'initial history item IS NOT a json patch obj')
+          } else {
+            assert.equal(Array.isArray(newEntry), true, 'non-initial history entry IS a json patch obj')
+          }
+          const oldEntry = tx.history[index]
+          const historySubset = newHistory.slice(0, index + 1)
+          const reconstructedValue = txStateHistoryHelper.replayHistory(historySubset)
+          assert.deepEqual(oldEntry, reconstructedValue, 'was able to reconstruct old entry from diffs')
+        })
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#replayHistory', function () {
+    it('replaying history does not mutate the original obj', function () {
+      const initialState = { test: true, message: 'hello', value: 1 }
+      const diff1 = [{
+        "op": "replace",
+        "path": "/message",
+        "value": "haay",
+      }]
+      const diff2 = [{
+        "op": "replace",
+        "path": "/value",
+        "value": 2,
+      }]
+      const history = [initialState, diff1, diff2]
+
+      const beforeStateSnapshot = JSON.stringify(initialState)
+      const latestState = txStateHistoryHelper.replayHistory(history)
+      const afterStateSnapshot = JSON.stringify(initialState)
+
+      assert.notEqual(initialState, latestState, 'initial state is not the same obj as the latest state')
+      assert.equal(beforeStateSnapshot, afterStateSnapshot, 'initial state is not modified during run')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#generateHistoryEntry', function () {
+
+    function generateHistoryEntryTest(note) {
+
+      const prevState = {
+        someValue: 'value 1',
+        foo: {
+          bar: {
+            bam: 'baz'
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      const nextState = {
+        newPropRoot: 'new property - root',
+        someValue: 'value 2',
+        foo: {
+          newPropFirstLevel: 'new property - first level',
+          bar: {
+            bam: 'baz'
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      const before = new Date().getTime()
+      const result = txStateHistoryHelper.generateHistoryEntry(prevState, nextState, note)
+      const after = new Date().getTime()
+
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 3)
+
+      const expectedEntry1 = { op: 'add', path: '/foo/newPropFirstLevel', value: 'new property - first level' }
+      assert.equal(result[0].op, expectedEntry1.op)
+      assert.equal(result[0].path, expectedEntry1.path)
+      assert.equal(result[0].value, expectedEntry1.value)
+      assert.equal(result[0].value, expectedEntry1.value)
+      if (note) 
+        assert.equal(result[0].note, note)
+
+      assert.ok(result[0].timestamp >= before && result[0].timestamp <= after)
+
+      const expectedEntry2 = { op: 'replace', path: '/someValue', value: 'value 2' }
+      assert.deepEqual(result[1], expectedEntry2)
+
+      const expectedEntry3 = { op: 'add', path: '/newPropRoot', value: 'new property - root' }
+      assert.deepEqual(result[2], expectedEntry3)
+    }
+
+    it('should generate history entries', function () {
+      generateHistoryEntryTest()
+    })
+
+    it('should add note to first entry', function () {
+      generateHistoryEntryTest('custom note')
+    })    
+  })
+})
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-manager-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-manager-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20bc08b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-state-manager-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const clone = require('clone')
+const ObservableStore = require('obs-store')
+const TxStateManager = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/tx-state-manager')
+const txStateHistoryHelper = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/lib/tx-state-history-helper')
+const noop = () => true
+
+describe('TransactionStateManager', function () {
+  let txStateManager
+  const currentNetworkId = 42
+  const otherNetworkId = 2
+
+  beforeEach(function () {
+    txStateManager = new TxStateManager({
+      initState: {
+        transactions: [],
+      },
+      txHistoryLimit: 10,
+      getNetwork: () => currentNetworkId
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#setTxStatusSigned', function () {
+    it('sets the tx status to signed', function () {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      txStateManager.setTxStatusSigned(1)
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 1)
+      assert.equal(result[0].status, 'signed')
+    })
+
+    it('should emit a signed event to signal the exciton of callback', (done) => {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      const noop = function () {
+        assert(true, 'event listener has been triggered and noop executed')
+        done()
+      }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx)
+      txStateManager.on('1:signed', noop)
+      txStateManager.setTxStatusSigned(1)
+
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#setTxStatusRejected', function () {
+    it('sets the tx status to rejected', function () {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx)
+      txStateManager.setTxStatusRejected(1)
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 1)
+      assert.equal(result[0].status, 'rejected')
+    })
+
+    it('should emit a rejected event to signal the exciton of callback', (done) => {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx)
+      const noop = function (err, txId) {
+        assert(true, 'event listener has been triggered and noop executed')
+        done()
+      }
+      txStateManager.on('1:rejected', noop)
+      txStateManager.setTxStatusRejected(1)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getFullTxList', function () {
+    it('when new should return empty array', function () {
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 0)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getTxList', function () {
+    it('when new should return empty array', function () {
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 0)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#addTx', function () {
+    it('adds a tx returned in getTxList', function () {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.ok(Array.isArray(result))
+      assert.equal(result.length, 1)
+      assert.equal(result[0].id, 1)
+    })
+
+    it('does not override txs from other networks', function () {
+      let tx = { id: 1, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      let tx2 = { id: 2, status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: otherNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      txStateManager.addTx(tx2, noop)
+      let result = txStateManager.getFullTxList()
+      let result2 = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.equal(result.length, 2, 'txs were deleted')
+      assert.equal(result2.length, 1, 'incorrect number of txs on network.')
+    })
+
+    it('cuts off early txs beyond a limit', function () {
+      const limit = txStateManager.txHistoryLimit
+      for (let i = 0; i < limit + 1; i++) {
+        const tx = { id: i, time: new Date(), status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+        txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      }
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.equal(result.length, limit, `limit of ${limit} txs enforced`)
+      assert.equal(result[0].id, 1, 'early txs truncted')
+    })
+
+    it('cuts off early txs beyond a limit whether or not it is confirmed or rejected', function () {
+      const limit = txStateManager.txHistoryLimit
+      for (let i = 0; i < limit + 1; i++) {
+        const tx = { id: i, time: new Date(), status: 'rejected', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+        txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      }
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.equal(result.length, limit, `limit of ${limit} txs enforced`)
+      assert.equal(result[0].id, 1, 'early txs truncted')
+    })
+
+    it('cuts off early txs beyond a limit but does not cut unapproved txs', function () {
+      let unconfirmedTx = { id: 0, time: new Date(), status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+      txStateManager.addTx(unconfirmedTx, noop)
+      const limit = txStateManager.txHistoryLimit
+      for (let i = 1; i < limit + 1; i++) {
+        const tx = { id: i, time: new Date(), status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }
+        txStateManager.addTx(tx, noop)
+      }
+      let result = txStateManager.getTxList()
+      assert.equal(result.length, limit, `limit of ${limit} txs enforced`)
+      assert.equal(result[0].id, 0, 'first tx should still be there')
+      assert.equal(result[0].status, 'unapproved', 'first tx should be unapproved')
+      assert.equal(result[1].id, 2, 'early txs truncted')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#updateTx', function () {
+    it('replaces the tx with the same id', function () {
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '1', status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '2', status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      const txMeta = txStateManager.getTx('1')
+      txMeta.hash = 'foo'
+      txStateManager.updateTx(txMeta)
+      let result = txStateManager.getTx('1')
+      assert.equal(result.hash, 'foo')
+    })
+
+    it('updates gas price and adds history items', function () {
+      const originalGasPrice = '0x01'
+      const desiredGasPrice = '0x02'
+
+      const txMeta = {
+        id: '1',
+        status: 'unapproved',
+        metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId,
+        txParams: {
+          gasPrice: originalGasPrice,
+        },
+      }
+
+      const updatedMeta = clone(txMeta)
+
+      txStateManager.addTx(txMeta)
+      const updatedTx = txStateManager.getTx('1')
+      // verify tx was initialized correctly
+      assert.equal(updatedTx.history.length, 1, 'one history item (initial)')
+      assert.equal(Array.isArray(updatedTx.history[0]), false, 'first history item is initial state')
+      assert.deepEqual(updatedTx.history[0], txStateHistoryHelper.snapshotFromTxMeta(updatedTx), 'first history item is initial state')
+      // modify value and updateTx
+      updatedTx.txParams.gasPrice = desiredGasPrice
+      const before = new Date().getTime()
+      txStateManager.updateTx(updatedTx)
+      const after = new Date().getTime()
+      // check updated value
+      const result = txStateManager.getTx('1')
+      assert.equal(result.txParams.gasPrice, desiredGasPrice, 'gas price updated')
+      // validate history was updated
+      assert.equal(result.history.length, 2, 'two history items (initial + diff)')
+      assert.equal(result.history[1].length, 1, 'two history state items (initial + diff)')
+      
+      const expectedEntry = { op: 'replace', path: '/txParams/gasPrice', value: desiredGasPrice }
+      assert.deepEqual(result.history[1][0].op, expectedEntry.op, 'two history items (initial + diff) operation')
+      assert.deepEqual(result.history[1][0].path, expectedEntry.path, 'two history items (initial + diff) path')
+      assert.deepEqual(result.history[1][0].value, expectedEntry.value, 'two history items (initial + diff) value')
+      assert.ok(result.history[1][0].timestamp >= before && result.history[1][0].timestamp <= after)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getUnapprovedTxList', function () {
+    it('returns unapproved txs in a hash', function () {
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '1', status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '2', status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      const result = txStateManager.getUnapprovedTxList()
+      assert.equal(typeof result, 'object')
+      assert.equal(result['1'].status, 'unapproved')
+      assert.equal(result['2'], undefined)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getTx', function () {
+    it('returns a tx with the requested id', function () {
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '1', status: 'unapproved', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      txStateManager.addTx({ id: '2', status: 'confirmed', metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId, txParams: {} }, noop)
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getTx('1').status, 'unapproved')
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getTx('2').status, 'confirmed')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#getFilteredTxList', function () {
+    it('returns a tx with the requested data', function () {
+      const txMetas = [
+        { id: 0, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: '0xaa', to: '0xbb' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 1, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: '0xaa', to: '0xbb' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 2, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: '0xaa', to: '0xbb' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 3, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: '0xbb', to: '0xaa' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 4, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: '0xbb', to: '0xaa' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 5, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: '0xaa', to: '0xbb' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 6, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: '0xaa', to: '0xbb' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 7, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: '0xbb', to: '0xaa' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 8, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: '0xbb', to: '0xaa' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 9, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: '0xbb', to: '0xaa' }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+      ]
+      txMetas.forEach((txMeta) => txStateManager.addTx(txMeta, noop))
+      let filterParams
+
+      filterParams = { status: 'unapproved', from: '0xaa' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 3, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+      filterParams = { status: 'unapproved', to: '0xaa' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 2, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+      filterParams = { status: 'confirmed', from: '0xbb' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 3, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+      filterParams = { status: 'confirmed' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 5, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+      filterParams = { from: '0xaa' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 5, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+      filterParams = { to: '0xaa' }
+      assert.equal(txStateManager.getFilteredTxList(filterParams).length, 5, `getFilteredTxList - ${JSON.stringify(filterParams)}`)
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#wipeTransactions', function () {
+
+    const specificAddress = '0xaa'
+    const otherAddress = '0xbb'
+
+    it('should remove only the transactions from a specific address', function () {
+
+      const txMetas = [
+        { id: 0, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: specificAddress, to: otherAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 1, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: otherAddress, to: specificAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 2, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: otherAddress, to: specificAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+      ]
+      txMetas.forEach((txMeta) => txStateManager.addTx(txMeta, noop))
+
+      txStateManager.wipeTransactions(specificAddress)
+
+      const transactionsFromCurrentAddress = txStateManager.getTxList().filter((txMeta) => txMeta.txParams.from === specificAddress)
+      const transactionsFromOtherAddresses = txStateManager.getTxList().filter((txMeta) => txMeta.txParams.from !== specificAddress)
+
+      assert.equal(transactionsFromCurrentAddress.length, 0)
+      assert.equal(transactionsFromOtherAddresses.length, 2)
+    })
+
+    it('should not remove the transactions from other networks', function () {
+      const txMetas = [
+        { id: 0, status: 'unapproved', txParams: { from: specificAddress, to: otherAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: currentNetworkId },
+        { id: 1, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: specificAddress, to: otherAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: otherNetworkId },
+        { id: 2, status: 'confirmed', txParams: { from: specificAddress, to: otherAddress }, metamaskNetworkId: otherNetworkId },
+      ]
+
+      txMetas.forEach((txMeta) => txStateManager.addTx(txMeta, noop))
+
+      txStateManager.wipeTransactions(specificAddress)
+
+      const txsFromCurrentNetworkAndAddress = txStateManager.getTxList().filter((txMeta) => txMeta.txParams.from === specificAddress)
+      const txFromOtherNetworks = txStateManager.getFullTxList().filter((txMeta) => txMeta.metamaskNetworkId === otherNetworkId)
+
+      assert.equal(txsFromCurrentNetworkAndAddress.length, 0)
+      assert.equal(txFromOtherNetworks.length, 2)
+
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-utils-test.js b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-utils-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..115127f85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/app/controllers/transactions/tx-utils-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+const assert = require('assert')
+const txUtils = require('../../../../../app/scripts/controllers/transactions/lib/util')
+
+
+describe('txUtils', function () {
+  describe('#validateTxParams', function () {
+    it('does not throw for positive values', function () {
+      var sample = {
+        from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+        value: '0x01',
+      }
+      txUtils.validateTxParams(sample)
+    })
+
+    it('returns error for negative values', function () {
+      var sample = {
+        from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+        value: '-0x01',
+      }
+      try {
+        txUtils.validateTxParams(sample)
+      } catch (err) {
+        assert.ok(err, 'error')
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#normalizeTxParams', () => {
+    it('should normalize txParams', () => {
+      let txParams = {
+        chainId: '0x1',
+        from: 'a7df1beDBF813f57096dF77FCd515f0B3900e402',
+        to: null,
+        data: '68656c6c6f20776f726c64',
+        random: 'hello world',
+      }
+
+      let normalizedTxParams = txUtils.normalizeTxParams(txParams)
+
+      assert(!normalizedTxParams.chainId, 'their should be no chainId')
+      assert(!normalizedTxParams.to, 'their should be no to address if null')
+      assert.equal(normalizedTxParams.from.slice(0, 2), '0x', 'from should be hexPrefixd')
+      assert.equal(normalizedTxParams.data.slice(0, 2), '0x', 'data should be hexPrefixd')
+      assert(!('random' in normalizedTxParams), 'their should be no random key in normalizedTxParams')
+
+      txParams.to = 'a7df1beDBF813f57096dF77FCd515f0B3900e402'
+      normalizedTxParams = txUtils.normalizeTxParams(txParams)
+      assert.equal(normalizedTxParams.to.slice(0, 2), '0x', 'to should be hexPrefixd')
+
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#validateRecipient', () => {
+    it('removes recipient for txParams with 0x when contract data is provided', function () {
+      const zeroRecipientandDataTxParams = {
+        from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+        to: '0x',
+        data: 'bytecode',
+      }
+      const sanitizedTxParams = txUtils.validateRecipient(zeroRecipientandDataTxParams)
+      assert.deepEqual(sanitizedTxParams, { from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d', data: 'bytecode' }, 'no recipient with 0x')
+    })
+
+    it('should error when recipient is 0x', function () {
+      const zeroRecipientTxParams = {
+        from: '0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d',
+        to: '0x',
+      }
+      assert.throws(() => { txUtils.validateRecipient(zeroRecipientTxParams) }, Error, 'Invalid recipient address')
+    })
+  })
+
+
+  describe('#validateFrom', () => {
+    it('should error when from is not a hex string', function () {
+
+      // where from is undefined
+      const txParams = {}
+      assert.throws(() => { txUtils.validateFrom(txParams) }, Error, `Invalid from address ${txParams.from} not a string`)
+
+      // where from is array
+      txParams.from = []
+      assert.throws(() => { txUtils.validateFrom(txParams) }, Error, `Invalid from address ${txParams.from} not a string`)
+
+      // where from is a object
+      txParams.from = {}
+      assert.throws(() => { txUtils.validateFrom(txParams) }, Error, `Invalid from address ${txParams.from} not a string`)
+
+      // where from is a invalid address
+      txParams.from = 'im going to fail'
+      assert.throws(() => { txUtils.validateFrom(txParams) }, Error, `Invalid from address`)
+
+      // should run
+      txParams.from ='0x1678a085c290ebd122dc42cba69373b5953b831d'
+      txUtils.validateFrom(txParams)
+      })
+  })
+})