path: root/misc/Howto/files/patch-dns

--- DNS-HOWTO.sgml.orig Sat Mar 10 13:12:21 2001
+++ DNS-HOWTO.sgml  Sat Mar 10 13:38:31 2001
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<!doctype linuxdoc system>
+<!doctype linuxdoc public "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc 1.1//EN">
 <!-- -*-SGML-*- -->
 <article>
 <title>DNS HOWTO <author>Nicolai Langfeldt (<tt/janl@linpro.no/),
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@
 "maps" as the jargon would have it) from name to address and from
 address to name, and some other things.  This HOWTO documents how to
 define such mappings using Unix system, with a few things specific to
-Linux.
+FreeBSD.
 
 <p>A mapping is simply an association between two things, in this case
-a machine name, like <tt>ftp.linux.org</tt>, and the machine's IP
-number (or address) <tt/199.249.150.4/.  DNS also contains mappings
+a machine name, like <tt>ftp.freebsd.org</tt>, and the machine's IP
+number (or address) <tt/209.155.82.18/.  DNS also contains mappings
 the other way, from the IP number to the machine name; this is called
 a "reverse mapping".
 
@@ -116,9 +116,11 @@
 
 <p>Name serving on Unix is done by a program called <tt/named/.  This
 is a part of the ``BIND'' package which is coordinated by The Internet
-Software Consortium.  <tt/Named/ is included in most Linux
-distributions and is usually installed as <tt>/usr/sbin/named</tt>,
-usually from a package called <tt/BIND/.  
+Software Consortium.  <tt/Named/ is included in all FreeBSD
+distributions and is installed as <tt>/usr/sbin/named</tt>,
+u can get the latest and greatest source from <htmlurl                       
+url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-stable/src/contrib/bind/"       
+name="ftp.freebsd.org:/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-stable/src/contrib/bind/">.
 
 <p>If you have a named you can probably use it; if you don't have one
 you can get a binary off a Linux ftp site, or get the latest and
@@ -159,15 +161,14 @@
 waiting time the next time significantly, especially if you're on a
 slow connection.
 
-<p>First you need a file called <tt>/etc/named.conf</tt> (Debian:
-<tt>/etc/bind/named.conf</tt>).  This is read when named starts.  For
-now it should simply contain:
+<p>First you need a file called <tt>/etc/namedb/named.conf</tt>. 
+This is read when named starts.  For now it should simply contain:
 
 <code>
 // Config file for caching only name server
 
 options {
-   directory "/var/named";
+   directory "/etc/namedb";
 
    // Uncommenting this might help if you have to go through a
    // firewall and things are not working out.  But you probably
@@ -178,27 +179,26 @@
 
 zone "." {
         type hint;
-        file "root.hints";
+        file "named.root";
 };
 
 zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
         type master;
-        file "pz/127.0.0";
+        file "localhost.rev";
 };
 </code>
 
-<p>The Linux distribution packages may use different file names for
+<p>The FreeBSD distribution packages may use different file names for
 each kind of file mentioned here; they will still contain about the
 same things.
 
 <p>The `<tt/directory/' line tells named where to look for files.  All
-files named subsequently will be relative to this.  Thus <tt>pz</tt>
-is a directory under <tt>/var/named</tt>, i.e.,
-<tt>/var/named/pz</tt>.  <tt>/var/named</tt> is the right directory
-according to the <em/Linux File system Standard/.
+files named subsequently will be relative to this.
+<tt>/etc/namedb</tt> is the standard directory
+according to the <em>hier(7)</em> manpage.
 
-<p>The file named <tt>/var/named/root.hints</tt> is named in this.
-<tt>/var/named/root.hints</tt> should contain this: (<em/If you cut
+<p>The file named <tt>/etc/namedb/named.root</tt> is named in this.
+<tt>/etc/namedb/named.root</tt> should contain this: (<em/If you cut
 and paste this file from an electronic version of this document,
 please note that there should be <bf/no/ leading spaces in the file,
 i.e. all the lines should start with a non-blank character.  Some
@@ -246,18 +246,18 @@
 
 <p>The next section in <tt/named.conf/ is the last <tt/zone/. I will
 explain its use in a later chapter; for now just make this a file
-named <tt/127.0.0/ in the subdirectory <tt/pz/: (<em/Again, please
-remove leading spaces if you cut and paste this/)
+named <tt/localhost.rev/ in the subdirectory <tt//etc/namedb/:
+(<em/Again, please remove leading spaces if you cut and paste this/)
 
 <code>
 $TTL 3D
-@               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@               IN      SOA     ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
                1       ; Serial
                8H  ; Refresh
                2H      ; Retry
                4W  ; Expire
                1D) ; Minimum TTL
-           NS      ns.linux.bogus.
+           NS      ns.freebsd.bogus.
 1          PTR localhost.
 </code>
 
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@
 options.  If that does not work try `<tt>/usr/sbin/ndc start</tt>'
 instead.  If that back-fires see the <ref id="qanda" name="qanda">
 section.  If you view your syslog message file (usually called
-<tt>/var/adm/messages</tt>, but another directory to look in is
+<tt>/var/log/messages</tt>, but another directory to look in is
 <tt>/var/log</tt> and another file to look in is <tt/syslog/) while
 starting named (do <tt>tail -f /var/log/messages</tt>) you should see
 something like:
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@
 
 <p>This time dig asked your named to look for the machine
 <tt/pat.uio.no/.  It then contacted one of the name server machines
-named in your <tt>root.hints</tt> file, and asked its way from there.
+named in your <tt>named.root</tt> file, and asked its way from there.
 It might take tiny while before you get the result as it may need to
 search all the domains you named in <tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt>.  Please
 note the "aa" on the "flags:" line.  It means that the answer is
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
 <p>All OSes implementing the standard C API has the calls
 gethostbyname and gethostbyaddr.  These can get information from
 several different sources.  Which sources it gets it from is
-configured in <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> on Linux (and some other
+configured in <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> on FreeBD (and some other
 Unixes).  This is a long file specifying from which file or database
 to get different kinds of data types.  It usually contains helpful
 comments at the top, which you should consider reading.  After that
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
 <sect1>Our own domain
 
 <p>Now to define our own domain.  We're going to make the domain
-<tt/linux.bogus/ and define machines in it.  I use a totally bogus
+<tt/freensd.bogus/ and define machines in it.  I use a totally bogus
 domain name to make sure we disturb no-one Out There.
 
 <p>One more thing before we start: Not all characters are allowed in
@@ -685,25 +685,25 @@
 <code>
 zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
    type master;
-   file "pz/127.0.0";
+   file "localhost.rev";
 };
 </code>
 
 <p>Please note the lack of `<tt/./' at the end of the domain names in
 this file.  This says that now we will define the zone
 <tt/0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/, that we're the master server for it and
-that it is stored in a file called <tt>pz/127.0.0</tt>.  We've already
+that it is stored in a file called <tt>localhost.rev</tt>.  We've already
 set up this file, it reads:
 
 <code>
 $TTL 3D
-@               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@               IN      SOA     ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
                1       ; Serial
                8H  ; Refresh
                2H      ; Retry
                4W  ; Expire
                1D) ; Minimum TTL
-           NS      ns.linux.bogus.
+           NS      ns.freebsd.bogus.
 1          PTR localhost.
 </code>
 
@@ -728,11 +728,11 @@
 Saves some typing that.  So the NS line could also be written
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.  IN  NS  ns.linux.bogus
+0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.  IN  NS  ns.freebsd.bogus
 </verb></tscreen>
 
 <p>It tells DNS what machine is the name server of the domain
-<tt/0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/, it is <tt/ns.linux.bogus/.  'ns' is a
+<tt/0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/, it is <tt/ns.freebsd.bogus/.  'ns' is a
 customary name for name-servers, but as with web servers who are
 customarily named <tt/www./<em/something/ the name may be anything.
 
@@ -742,8 +742,8 @@
 
 <p>The SOA record is the preamble to <em/all/ zone files, and there
 should be exactly one in each zone file.  It describes the zone, where
-it comes from (a machine called <tt/ns.linux.bogus/), who is
-responsible for its contents (<tt/hostmaster@linux.bogus/; you should
+it comes from (a machine called <tt/ns.freebsd.bogus/), who is
+responsible for its contents (<tt/hostmaster@freebsd.bogus/; you should
 insert your e-mail address here), what version of the zone file this
 is (serial: 1), and other things having to do with caching and
 secondary DNS servers.  For the rest of the fields (refresh, retry,
@@ -778,31 +778,31 @@
 </verb></tscreen>
 
 <p>So it manages to get <tt/localhost/ from 127.0.0.1, good.  Now for
-our main task, the <tt/linux.bogus/ domain, insert a new 'zone'
+our main task, the <tt/freebsd.bogus/ domain, insert a new 'zone'
 section in <tt/named.conf/:
 
 <code>
-zone "linux.bogus" {
+zone "freebsd.bogus" {
    notify no;
    type master;
-   file "pz/linux.bogus";
+   file "pz/freebsd.bogus";
 };
 </code>
 
 <p>Note again the lack of ending `<tt/./' on the domain name in the
 <tt/named.conf/ file.
 
-<p>In the <tt/linux.bogus/ zone file we'll put some totally bogus
+<p>In the <tt/freebsd.bogus/ zone file we'll put some totally bogus
 data:
 
 <code>
 ;
-; Zone file for linux.bogus
+; Zone file for freebsd.bogus
 ;
 ; The full zone file
 ;
 $TTL 3D
-@  IN  SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@  IN  SOA ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
            199802151   ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
            8H      ; refresh, seconds
            2H      ; retry, seconds
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@
            1D )        ; minimum, seconds
 ;
        NS  ns      ; Inet Address of name server
-       MX  10 mail.linux.bogus ; Primary Mail Exchanger
+       MX  10 mail.freebsd.bogus   ; Primary Mail Exchanger
        MX  20 mail.friend.bogus.   ; Secondary Mail Exchanger
 ;
 localhost  A   127.0.0.1
@@ -818,11 +818,11 @@
 mail       A   192.168.196.4
 </code>
 
-<p>Two things must be noted about the SOA record.  <tt/ns.linux.bogus/
+<p>Two things must be noted about the SOA record.  <tt/ns.freebsd.bogus/
 <em/must/ be a actual machine with a A record.  It is not legal to
 have a CNAME record for the machine mentioned in the SOA record.  Its
 name need not be `ns', it could be any legal host name.  Next,
-hostmaster.linux.bogus should be read as hostmaster@linux.bogus.  This
+hostmaster.freebsd.bogus should be read as hostmaster@freebsd.bogus.  This
 should be a mail alias, or a mailbox, where the person(s) maintaining
 DNS should read mail frequently.  Any mail regarding the domain will
 be sent to the address listed here.  The name need not be
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@
 
 <p>There is one new RR type in this file, the MX, or Mail eXchanger
 RR.  It tells mail systems where to send mail that is addressed to
-<tt/someone@linux.bogus/, namely to <tt/mail.linux.bogus/ or
+<tt/someone@freebsd.bogus/, namely to <tt/mail.freebsd.bogus/ or
 <tt/mail.friend.bogus/.  The number before each machine name is that
 MX RR's priority.  The RR with the lowest number (10) is the one mail
 should be sent to if possible.  If that fails the mail can be sent to
@@ -842,19 +842,19 @@
 with dig:
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-$ dig any linux.bogus +pfmin
+$ dig any freebsd.bogus +pfmin
 ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
 ;; got answer:
 ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 23499
 ;; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
 ;; QUERY SECTION:
-;;      linux.bogus, type = ANY, class = IN
+;;      freebsd.bogus, type = ANY, class = IN
 
 ;; ANSWER SECTION:
-linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.
-linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
-linux.bogus.            3D IN NS        ns.linux.bogus.
-linux.bogus.            3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.freebsd.bogus.freebsd.bogus.
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN NS        ns.freebsd.bogus.
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN SOA       ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
                                         199802151       ; serial
                                         8H              ; refresh
                                         2H              ; retry
@@ -865,29 +865,29 @@
 <p>Upon careful examination you will discover a bug.  The line
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.freebsd.bogus.freebsd.bogus.
 </verb></tscreen>
 
 <p>is all wrong.  It should be
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.
+freebsd.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.freebsd.bogus.
 </verb></tscreen>
 
 <p>I deliberately made a mistake so you could learn from it :-)
 Looking in the zone file we find this line:
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-       MX  10 mail.linux.bogus ; Primary Mail Exchanger
+       MX  10 mail.freebsd.bogus   ; Primary Mail Exchanger
 </verb></tscreen>
 
-<p>It is missing a period.  Or has a 'linux.bogus' too many.  If a
+<p>It is missing a period.  Or has a 'freebsd.bogus' too many.  If a
 machine name does not end in a period in a zone file the origin is
-added to its end causing the double <tt/linux.bogus.linux.bogus/.  So
+added to its end causing the double <tt/freebsd.bogus.freebsd.bogus/.  So
 either
 
 <code>
-       MX  10 mail.linux.bogus.    ; Primary Mail Exchanger
+       MX  10 mail.freebsd.bogus.  ; Primary Mail Exchanger
 </code>
 
 or
@@ -912,19 +912,19 @@
 
 <code>
 ;
-; Zone file for linux.bogus
+; Zone file for freebsd.bogus
 ;
 ; The full zone file
 ;
 $TTL 3D
-@  IN  SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@  IN  SOA ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
            199802151   ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
            8H      ; refresh, seconds
            2H      ; retry, seconds
            4W      ; expire, seconds
            1D )        ; minimum, seconds
 ;
-       TXT "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
+       TXT "FreeBSD.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
        NS  ns      ; Inet Address of name server
        NS  ns.friend.bogus.
        MX  10 mail     ; Primary Mail Exchanger
@@ -939,31 +939,31 @@
 ns     A   192.168.196.2
        MX  10 mail
        MX  20 mail.friend.bogus.
-       HINFO   "Pentium" "Linux 2.0"
+       HINFO   "Pentium" "FreeBSD 3.0"
 www        CNAME   ns
 
 donald     A   192.168.196.3
        MX  10 mail
        MX  20 mail.friend.bogus.
-       HINFO   "i486"  "Linux 2.0"
+       HINFO   "i486"  "FreeBSD 3.0"
        TXT "DEK"
 
 mail       A   192.168.196.4
        MX  10 mail
        MX  20 mail.friend.bogus.
-       HINFO   "386sx" "Linux 1.2"
+       HINFO   "386sx" "FreeBSD 2.2"
 
 ftp        A   192.168.196.5
        MX  10 mail
        MX  20 mail.friend.bogus.
-       HINFO   "P6" "Linux 2.1.86"
+       HINFO   "P6" "FreeBSD 3.0"
 </code>
 
 <p>There are a number of new RRs here: HINFO (Host INFOrmation) has
 two parts; it's a good habit to quote each.  The first part is the
 hardware or CPU on the machine, and the second part the software or OS
 on the machine.  The machine called 'ns' has a Pentium CPU and runs
-Linux 2.0.  CNAME (Canonical NAME) is a way to give each machine
+FreeBSD 3.0.  CNAME (Canonical NAME) is a way to give each machine
 several names.  So www is an alias for ns.
 
 <p>CNAME record usage is a bit controversial. But it's safe to follow
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@
 </code>
 
 <p>It's also safe to assume that a CNAME is not a legal host name for
-an e-mail address: <tt/webmaster@www.linux.bogus/ is an illegal e-mail
+an e-mail address: <tt/webmaster@www.freebsd.bogus/ is an illegal e-mail
 address given the setup above.  You can expect quite a few mail admins
 Out There to enforce this rule even if it works for you.  The way to
 avoid this is to use A records (and perhaps some others too, like a MX
@@ -1002,10 +1002,10 @@
 named to read its files again.
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-$ dig linux.bogus axfr
+$ dig freebsd.bogus axfr
 
-; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> linux.bogus axfr 
-$ORIGIN linux.bogus.
+; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> freebsd.bogus axfr 
+$ORIGIN freebsd.bogus.
 @                       3D IN SOA       ns hostmaster (
                                         199802151       ; serial
                                         8H              ; refresh
@@ -1017,26 +1017,26 @@
                         3D IN NS        ns.friend.bogus.
                         3D IN MX        10 mail
                         3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
-                        3D IN TXT       "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
+                        3D IN TXT       "FreeBSD.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
 gw                      3D IN TXT       "The router"
                         3D IN HINFO     "Cisco" "IOS"
                         3D IN A         192.168.196.1
 localhost               3D IN A         127.0.0.1
-mail                    3D IN HINFO     "386sx" "Linux 1.2"
+mail                    3D IN HINFO     "386sx" "FreeBSD 2.1.5"
                         3D IN MX        10 mail
                         3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                         3D IN A         192.168.196.4
 www                     3D IN CNAME     ns
 donald                  3D IN TXT       "DEK"
-                        3D IN HINFO     "i486" "Linux 2.0"
+                        3D IN HINFO     "i486" "FreeBSD 2.2"
                         3D IN MX        10 mail
                         3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                         3D IN A         192.168.196.3
-ns                      3D IN HINFO     "Pentium" "Linux 2.0"
+ns                      3D IN HINFO     "Pentium" "FreeBSD 2.2"
                         3D IN MX        10 mail
                         3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                         3D IN A         192.168.196.2
-ftp                     3D IN HINFO     "P6" "Linux 2.1.86"
+ftp                     3D IN HINFO     "P6" "FreeBSD 2.1.7"
                         3D IN MX        10 mail
                         3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                         3D IN A         192.168.196.5
@@ -1056,28 +1056,28 @@
 Let's check what it says for <tt/www/ alone:
 
 <tscreen><verb>
-$ dig www.linux.bogus +pfmin
+$ dig www.freebsd.bogus +pfmin
 ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
 ;; got answer:
 ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 27345
 ;; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 1
 ;; QUERY SECTION:
-;;      www.linux.bogus, type = A, class = IN
+;;      www.freebsd.bogus, type = A, class = IN
 
 ;; ANSWER SECTION:
-www.linux.bogus.        3D IN CNAME     ns.linux.bogus.
-ns.linux.bogus.         3D IN A         192.168.196.2
+www.freebsd.bogus.        3D IN CNAME     ns.freebsd.bogus.
+ns.freebsd.bogus.         3D IN A         192.168.196.2
 </verb></tscreen>
 
-<p>In other words, the real name of <tt/www.linux.bogus/ is
-<tt/ns.linux.bogus/, and it gives you some of the information it has
+<p>In other words, the real name of <tt/www.freebsd.bogus/ is
+<tt/ns.freebsd.bogus/, and it gives you some of the information it has
 about ns as well, enough to connect to it if you were a program.
 
 <p>Now we're halfway.
 
 <sect1>The reverse zone
 
-<p>Now programs can convert the names in linux.bogus to addresses
+<p>Now programs can convert the names in freebsd.bogus to addresses
 which they can connect to. But also required is a reverse zone, one
 making DNS able to convert from an address to a name. This name is
 used by a lot of servers of different kinds (FTP, IRC, WWW and others)
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@
 zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
    notify no;
         type master;
-        file "pz/192.168.196";
+        file "192.168.196";
 };
 </code>
 
@@ -1100,19 +1100,19 @@
 
 <code>
 $TTL 3D
-@  IN  SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@  IN  SOA ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
            199802151 ; Serial, todays date + todays serial
            8H  ; Refresh
            2H      ; Retry
            4W  ; Expire
            1D) ; Minimum TTL
-       NS      ns.linux.bogus.
+       NS      ns.freebsd.bogus.
 
-1      PTR gw.linux.bogus.
-2      PTR ns.linux.bogus.
-3      PTR donald.linux.bogus.
-4      PTR mail.linux.bogus.
-5      PTR ftp.linux.bogus.
+1      PTR gw.freebsd.bogus.
+2      PTR ns.freebsd.bogus.
+3      PTR donald.freebsd.bogus.
+4      PTR mail.freebsd.bogus.
+5      PTR ftp.freebsd.bogus.
 </code>
 
 <p>Now you restart your named (<tt/ndc restart/) and examine your
@@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@
 ;;      4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa, type = ANY, class = IN
 
 ;; ANSWER SECTION:
-4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.  3D IN PTR  mail.linux.bogus.
+4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.  3D IN PTR  mail.freebsd.bogus.
 </code>
 
 <p>so, it looks OK, dump the whole thing to examine that too:
@@ -1138,20 +1138,20 @@
 
 ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> -x AXFR 
 $ORIGIN 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
-@                       3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@                       3D IN SOA       ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
                                         199802151       ; serial
                                         8H              ; refresh
                                         2H              ; retry
                                         4W              ; expiry
                                         1D )            ; minimum
 
-                        3D IN NS        ns.linux.bogus.
-4                       3D IN PTR       mail.linux.bogus.
-2                       3D IN PTR       ns.linux.bogus.
-5                       3D IN PTR       ftp.linux.bogus.
-3                       3D IN PTR       donald.linux.bogus.
-1                       3D IN PTR       gw.linux.bogus.
-@                       3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+                        3D IN NS        ns.freebsd.bogus.
+4                       3D IN PTR       mail.freebsd.bogus.
+2                       3D IN PTR       ns.freebsd.bogus.
+5                       3D IN PTR       ftp.freebsd.bogus.
+3                       3D IN PTR       donald.freebsd.bogus.
+1                       3D IN PTR       gw.freebsd.bogus.
+@                       3D IN SOA       ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
                                         199802151       ; serial
                                         8H              ; refresh
                                         2H              ; retry
@@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@
 read it.  Now.
 
 <p>The reverse zone also needs to be delegated.  If you got the
-<tt/192.168.196/ net with the <tt/linux.bogus/ domain from your
+<tt/192.168.196/ net with the <tt/freebsd.bogus/ domain from your
 provider they need to put <tt/NS/ records in for your reverse zone as
 well as for your forward zone.  If you follow the chain from
 <tt/in-addr.arpa/ and up to your net you will probably find a break in
@@ -1269,9 +1269,9 @@
 master.  You set it up like this:
 
 <code>
-zone "linux.bogus" {
+zone "freebsd.bogus" {
    type slave;
-   file "sz/linux.bogus";
+   file "sz/freebsd.bogus";
    masters { 192.168.196.2; };
 };
 </code>
@@ -1280,7 +1280,7 @@
 zone transfer is controlled by your SOA record:
 
 <code>
-@  IN  SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
+@  IN  SOA ns.freebsd.bogus. hostmaster.freebsd.bogus. (
            199802151   ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
            8H      ; refresh, seconds
            2H      ; retry, seconds
@@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@
 adding yourself for debugging purposes:
 
 <code>
-zone "linux.bogus" {
+zone "freebsd.bogus" {
       allow-transfer { 192.168.1.4; localhost; };
 };
 </code>
@@ -1347,7 +1347,7 @@
       allow-query { 192.168.196.0/24; localhost; };
 };
 
-zone "linux.bogus" {
+zone "freebsd.bogus" {
       allow-query { any; };
 };
 
@@ -1401,7 +1401,7 @@
 here differs a bit from what you find if you query LAND-5's name
 servers now.
 
-<sect1>/etc/named.conf (or /var/named/named.conf)
+<sect1>/etc/namedb/named.conf
 
 <p>Here we find master zone sections for the two reverse zones needed:
 the 127.0.0 net, as well as LAND-5's <tt/206.6.177/ subnet, and a
@@ -1413,7 +1413,7 @@
 // Boot file for LAND-5 name server
 
 options {
-   directory "/var/named";
+   directory "/etc/namedb";
 };
 
 zone "." {
@@ -1441,7 +1441,7 @@
 put ``<tt/notify no;/'' in the zone sections for the two <tt/land-5/
 zones so as to avoid accidents.
 
-<sect1>/var/named/root.hints
+<sect1>/var/namedb/named.root
 
 <p>Keep in mind that this file is dynamic, and the one listed here is
 old. You're better off using one produced now, with dig, as explained
@@ -1493,7 +1493,7 @@
 ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 17  rcvd: 436
 </code>
 
-<sect1>/var/named/zone/127.0.0
+<sect1>/etc/namedb/zone/127.0.0
 
 <p>Just the basics, the obligatory SOA record, and a record that maps
 127.0.0.1 to <tt/localhost/.  Both are required.  No more should be in
@@ -1518,7 +1518,7 @@
 absence.  I would recommend that you put the <tt/$TTL/ in line in zone
 files as you discover that they are missing.
 
-<sect1>/var/named/zone/land-5.com
+<sect1>/etc/namedb/zone/land-5.com
 
 <p>Here we see the mandatory SOA record, the needed NS records.  We
 can see that he has a secondary name server at <tt/ns2.psi.net/.  This
@@ -1608,7 +1608,7 @@
 <tt/land-5.com/, but using an A record, not a CNAME record.  This is a
 good policy as noted earlier.
 
-<sect1>/var/named/zone/206.6.177
+<sect1>/etc/namedb/zone/206.6.177
 
 <p>I'll comment on this file below
 
@@ -1732,10 +1732,10 @@
 
  PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:
  export PATH
- # NOTE: /var/named must be writable only by trusted users or this script 
+ # NOTE: /etc/namedb must be writable only by trusted users or this script 
  # will cause root compromise/denial of service opportunities.
- cd /var/named 2>/dev/null || {
-    echo "Subject: Cannot cd to /var/named, error $?"
+ cd /etc/namedb 2>/dev/null || {
+    echo "Subject: Cannot cd to /etc/namedb, error $?"
     echo
     echo "The subject says it all"
     exit 1
@@ -1784,7 +1784,7 @@
  echo
  echo "The nameserver has been restarted to ensure that the update is complete."
  echo "The previous root.hints file is now called   
-/var/named/root.hints.old."
+/etc/namedb/named.root"
 ) 2>&1 | /usr/lib/sendmail -t
 exit 0
 </code>
@@ -1806,7 +1806,7 @@
 style) for a cache-only name server:
 
 <code>
-directory /var/named
+directory /etc/namedb
 cache  .                                   root.hints
 primary    0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA                    127.0.0.zone
 primary    localhost               localhost.zone      
@@ -1827,7 +1827,7 @@
 // generated by named-bootconf.pl
 
 options {
-   directory "/var/named";
+   directory "/etc/namedb";
 };
 
 zone "." {
@@ -1853,13 +1853,13 @@
 
 <code>
 // This is a configuration file for named (from BIND 8.1 or later).
-// It would normally be installed as /etc/named.conf.
+// It would normally be installed as /etc/namedb/named.conf.
 // The only change made from the `stock' named.conf (aside from this
 // comment :) is that the directory line was uncommented, since I
-// already had the zone files in /var/named.
+// already had the zone files in /etc/namedd.
 
 options {
-   directory "/var/named";
+   directory "/etc/namedb";
    datasize 20M;
 };
 
@@ -1928,9 +1928,9 @@
   like this in the named.conf file of your secondary:
 
   <code>
-  zone "linux.bogus" {
+  zone "freebsd.bogus" {
    type slave;
-   file "sz/linux.bogus";
+   file "freebsd.bogus";
    masters { 127.0.0.1; };
   };
   </code>
@@ -2101,7 +2101,7 @@
   not recommended.
 
   <item>How can I get a domain? I want to set up my own domain called
-  (for example) <tt/linux-rules.net/.  How can I get the domain I want
+  (for example) <tt/freebsd-rules.net/.  How can I get the domain I want
   assigned to me?
 
   <p>Please contact your network service provider.  They will be able