Merge pull request #799 from chriseth/sol_gasAndValue

Specify gas and value for function calls and contract creation calls.

11 files changed, 228 insertions, 139 deletions

diff --git a/AST.cpp b/AST.cpp
index ea8ecdb7..7b633564 100644
--- a/AST.cpp
+++ b/AST.cpp
@@ -331,20 +331,13 @@ bool FunctionCall::isTypeConversion() const
 void NewExpression::checkTypeRequirements()
 {
 	m_contractName->checkTypeRequirements();
-	for (ASTPointer<Expression> const& argument: m_arguments)
-		argument->checkTypeRequirements();
-
 	m_contract = dynamic_cast<ContractDefinition const*>(m_contractName->getReferencedDeclaration());
 	if (!m_contract)
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(createTypeError("Identifier is not a contract."));
-	shared_ptr<ContractType const> type = make_shared<ContractType>(*m_contract);
-	m_type = type;
-	TypePointers const& parameterTypes = type->getConstructorType()->getParameterTypes();
-	if (parameterTypes.size() != m_arguments.size())
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(createTypeError("Wrong argument count for constructor call."));
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_arguments.size(); ++i)
-		if (!m_arguments[i]->getType()->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*parameterTypes[i]))
-			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(createTypeError("Invalid type for argument in constructor call."));
+	shared_ptr<ContractType const> contractType = make_shared<ContractType>(*m_contract);
+	TypePointers const& parameterTypes = contractType->getConstructorType()->getParameterTypes();
+	m_type = make_shared<FunctionType>(parameterTypes, TypePointers{contractType},
+									   FunctionType::Location::CREATION);
 }
 
 void MemberAccess::checkTypeRequirements()
diff --git a/AST.h b/AST.h
index 28fb7f0a..409aed44 100755
--- a/AST.h
+++ b/AST.h
@@ -792,26 +792,22 @@ private:
 };
 
 /**
- * Expression that creates a new contract, e.g. "new SomeContract(1, 2)".
+ * Expression that creates a new contract, e.g. the "new SomeContract" part in "new SomeContract(1, 2)".
  */
 class NewExpression: public Expression
 {
 public:
-	NewExpression(Location const& _location, ASTPointer<Identifier> const& _contractName,
-				  std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> const& _arguments):
-		Expression(_location), m_contractName(_contractName), m_arguments(_arguments) {}
+	NewExpression(Location const& _location, ASTPointer<Identifier> const& _contractName):
+		Expression(_location), m_contractName(_contractName) {}
 	virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
 	virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
 	virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
 
-	std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> getArguments() const { return {m_arguments.begin(), m_arguments.end()}; }
-
 	/// Returns the referenced contract. Can only be called after type checking.
 	ContractDefinition const* getContract() const { solAssert(m_contract, ""); return m_contract; }
 
 private:
 	ASTPointer<Identifier> m_contractName;
-	std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> m_arguments;
 
 	ContractDefinition const* m_contract = nullptr;
 };
diff --git a/AST_accept.h b/AST_accept.h
index 0e5a71b6..7f3db85a 100644
--- a/AST_accept.h
+++ b/AST_accept.h
@@ -452,20 +452,14 @@ void FunctionCall::accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const
 void NewExpression::accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor)
 {
 	if (_visitor.visit(*this))
-	{
 		m_contractName->accept(_visitor);
-		listAccept(m_arguments, _visitor);
-	}
 	_visitor.endVisit(*this);
 }
 
 void NewExpression::accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const
 {
 	if (_visitor.visit(*this))
-	{
 		m_contractName->accept(_visitor);
-		listAccept(m_arguments, _visitor);
-	}
 	_visitor.endVisit(*this);
 }
 
diff --git a/CompilerContext.cpp b/CompilerContext.cpp
index 5d10a5f9..29e98eab 100644
--- a/CompilerContext.cpp
+++ b/CompilerContext.cpp
@@ -95,6 +95,11 @@ unsigned CompilerContext::baseToCurrentStackOffset(unsigned _baseOffset) const
 	return _baseOffset + m_asm.deposit();
 }
 
+unsigned CompilerContext::currentToBaseStackOffset(unsigned _offset) const
+{
+	return -baseToCurrentStackOffset(-_offset);
+}
+
 u256 CompilerContext::getStorageLocationOfVariable(const Declaration& _declaration) const
 {
 	auto it = m_stateVariables.find(&_declaration);
diff --git a/CompilerContext.h b/CompilerContext.h
index 14672c95..cf505d65 100644
--- a/CompilerContext.h
+++ b/CompilerContext.h
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ public:
 	/// If supplied by a value returned by @ref getBaseStackOffsetOfVariable(variable), returns
 	/// the distance of that variable from the current top of the stack.
 	unsigned baseToCurrentStackOffset(unsigned _baseOffset) const;
+	/// Converts an offset relative to the current stack height to a value that can be used later
+	/// with baseToCurrentStackOffset to point to the same stack element.
+	unsigned currentToBaseStackOffset(unsigned _offset) const;
 	u256 getStorageLocationOfVariable(Declaration const& _declaration) const;
 
 	/// Appends a JUMPI instruction to a new tag and @returns the tag
diff --git a/ExpressionCompiler.cpp b/ExpressionCompiler.cpp
index 1c02f4f3..bcb57737 100644
--- a/ExpressionCompiler.cpp
+++ b/ExpressionCompiler.cpp
@@ -232,27 +232,71 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 		}
 		case Location::EXTERNAL:
 		case Location::BARE:
+			_functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this);
+			appendExternalFunctionCall(function, arguments, function.getLocation() == Location::BARE);
+			break;
+		case Location::CREATION:
 		{
-			FunctionCallOptions options;
-			options.bare = function.getLocation() == Location::BARE;
-			options.obtainAddress = [&]() { _functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this); };
-			appendExternalFunctionCall(function, arguments, options);
+			_functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this);
+			solAssert(!function.gasSet(), "Gas limit set for contract creation.");
+			solAssert(function.getReturnParameterTypes().size() == 1, "");
+			ContractDefinition const& contract = dynamic_cast<ContractType const&>(
+							*function.getReturnParameterTypes().front()).getContractDefinition();
+			// copy the contract's code into memory
+			bytes const& bytecode = m_context.getCompiledContract(contract);
+			m_context << u256(bytecode.size());
+			//@todo could be done by actually appending the Assembly, but then we probably need to compile
+			// multiple times. Will revisit once external fuctions are inlined.
+			m_context.appendData(bytecode);
+			//@todo copy to memory position 0, shift as soon as we use memory
+			m_context << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::CODECOPY;
+
+			unsigned length = bytecode.size();
+			length += appendArgumentCopyToMemory(function.getParameterTypes(), arguments, length);
+			// size, offset, endowment
+			m_context << u256(length) << u256(0);
+			if (function.valueSet())
+				m_context << eth::dupInstruction(3);
+			else
+				m_context << u256(0);
+			m_context << eth::Instruction::CREATE;
+			if (function.valueSet())
+				m_context << eth::swapInstruction(1) << eth::Instruction::POP;
 			break;
 		}
-		case Location::SEND:
+		case Location::SET_GAS:
 		{
-			FunctionCallOptions options;
-			options.bare = true;
-			options.obtainAddress = [&]() { _functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this); };
-			options.obtainValue = [&]()
-			{
-				arguments.front()->accept(*this);
-				appendTypeConversion(*arguments.front()->getType(),
-									 *function.getParameterTypes().front(), true);
-			};
-			appendExternalFunctionCall(FunctionType(TypePointers{}, TypePointers{}, Location::EXTERNAL), {}, options);
+			// stack layout: contract_address function_id [gas] [value]
+			_functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this);
+			arguments.front()->accept(*this);
+			appendTypeConversion(*arguments.front()->getType(), IntegerType(256), true);
+			// Note that function is not the original function, but the ".gas" function.
+			// Its values of gasSet and valueSet is equal to the original function's though.
+			unsigned stackDepth = (function.gasSet() ? 1 : 0) + (function.valueSet() ? 1 : 0);
+			if (stackDepth > 0)
+				m_context << eth::swapInstruction(stackDepth);
+			if (function.gasSet())
+				m_context << eth::Instruction::POP;
 			break;
 		}
+		case Location::SET_VALUE:
+			// stack layout: contract_address function_id [gas] [value]
+			_functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this);
+			// Note that function is not the original function, but the ".value" function.
+			// Its values of gasSet and valueSet is equal to the original function's though.
+			if (function.valueSet())
+				m_context << eth::Instruction::POP;
+			arguments.front()->accept(*this);
+			break;
+		case Location::SEND:
+			_functionCall.getExpression().accept(*this);
+			m_context << u256(0); // 0 gas, we do not want to execute code
+			arguments.front()->accept(*this);
+			appendTypeConversion(*arguments.front()->getType(),
+								 *function.getParameterTypes().front(), true);
+			appendExternalFunctionCall(FunctionType(TypePointers{}, TypePointers{},
+													Location::EXTERNAL, true, true), {}, true);
+			break;
 		case Location::SUICIDE:
 			arguments.front()->accept(*this);
 			appendTypeConversion(*arguments.front()->getType(), *function.getParameterTypes().front(), true);
@@ -289,11 +333,8 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 			static const map<Location, u256> contractAddresses{{Location::ECRECOVER, 1},
 															   {Location::SHA256, 2},
 															   {Location::RIPEMD160, 3}};
-			u256 contractAddress = contractAddresses.find(function.getLocation())->second;
-			FunctionCallOptions options;
-			options.bare = true;
-			options.obtainAddress = [&]() { m_context << contractAddress; };
-			appendExternalFunctionCall(function, arguments, options);
+			m_context << contractAddresses.find(function.getLocation())->second;
+			appendExternalFunctionCall(function, arguments, true);
 			break;
 		}
 		default:
@@ -305,38 +346,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 
 bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(NewExpression const& _newExpression)
 {
-	ContractType const* type = dynamic_cast<ContractType const*>(_newExpression.getType().get());
-	solAssert(type, "");
-	TypePointers const& types = type->getConstructorType()->getParameterTypes();
-	vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> arguments = _newExpression.getArguments();
-	solAssert(arguments.size() == types.size(), "");
-
-	// copy the contracts code into memory
-	bytes const& bytecode = m_context.getCompiledContract(*_newExpression.getContract());
-	m_context << u256(bytecode.size());
-	//@todo could be done by actually appending the Assembly, but then we probably need to compile
-	// multiple times. Will revisit once external fuctions are inlined.
-	m_context.appendData(bytecode);
-	//@todo copy to memory position 0, shift as soon as we use memory
-	m_context << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::CODECOPY;
-
-	unsigned dataOffset = bytecode.size();
-	for (unsigned i = 0; i < arguments.size(); ++i)
-	{
-		arguments[i]->accept(*this);
-		appendTypeConversion(*arguments[i]->getType(), *types[i], true);
-		unsigned const c_numBytes = types[i]->getCalldataEncodedSize();
-		if (c_numBytes > 32)
-			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(CompilerError()
-								  << errinfo_sourceLocation(arguments[i]->getLocation())
-								  << errinfo_comment("Type " + types[i]->toString() + " not yet supported."));
-		bool const c_leftAligned = types[i]->getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING;
-		bool const c_padToWords = true;
-		dataOffset += CompilerUtils(m_context).storeInMemory(dataOffset, c_numBytes,
-															 c_leftAligned, c_padToWords);
-	}
-	// size, offset, endowment
-	m_context << u256(dataOffset) << u256(0) << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::CREATE;
+	// code is created for the function call (CREATION) only
 	return false;
 }
 
@@ -370,6 +380,10 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::endVisit(MemberAccess const& _memberAccess)
 		else
 			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Invalid member access to integer."));
 		break;
+	case Type::Category::FUNCTION:
+		solAssert(!!_memberAccess.getExpression().getType()->getMemberType(member),
+				 "Invalid member access to function.");
+		break;
 	case Type::Category::MAGIC:
 		// we can ignore the kind of magic and only look at the name of the member
 		if (member == "coinbase")
@@ -646,46 +660,60 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::appendHighBitsCleanup(IntegerType const& _typeOnStack)
 
 void ExpressionCompiler::appendExternalFunctionCall(FunctionType const& _functionType,
 													vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> const& _arguments,
-													FunctionCallOptions const& _options)
+													bool bare)
 {
 	solAssert(_arguments.size() == _functionType.getParameterTypes().size(), "");
 
-	_options.obtainAddress();
-	if (!_options.bare)
-		CompilerUtils(m_context).storeInMemory(0, CompilerUtils::dataStartOffset);
+	// Assumed stack content here:
+	// <stack top>
+	// value [if _functionType.valueSet()]
+	// gas [if _functionType.gasSet()]
+	// function identifier [unless bare]
+	// contract address
 
-	unsigned dataOffset = _options.bare ? 0 : CompilerUtils::dataStartOffset; // reserve 4 bytes for the function's hash identifier
-	for (unsigned i = 0; i < _arguments.size(); ++i)
+	unsigned gasValueSize = (_functionType.gasSet() ? 1 : 0) + (_functionType.valueSet() ? 1 : 0);
+
+	unsigned contractStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(1 + gasValueSize + (bare ? 0 : 1));
+	unsigned gasStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(gasValueSize);
+	unsigned valueStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(1);
+
+	if (!bare)
 	{
-		_arguments[i]->accept(*this);
-		Type const& type = *_functionType.getParameterTypes()[i];
-		appendTypeConversion(*_arguments[i]->getType(), type, true);
-		unsigned const c_numBytes = type.getCalldataEncodedSize();
-		if (c_numBytes == 0 || c_numBytes > 32)
-			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(CompilerError()
-								  << errinfo_sourceLocation(_arguments[i]->getLocation())
-								  << errinfo_comment("Type " + type.toString() + " not yet supported."));
-		bool const c_leftAligned = type.getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING;
-		bool const c_padToWords = true;
-		dataOffset += CompilerUtils(m_context).storeInMemory(dataOffset, c_numBytes,
-															 c_leftAligned, c_padToWords);
+		// copy function identifier
+		m_context << eth::dupInstruction(gasValueSize + 1);
+		CompilerUtils(m_context).storeInMemory(0, CompilerUtils::dataStartOffset);
 	}
+
+	// reserve space for the function identifier
+	unsigned dataOffset = bare ? 0 : CompilerUtils::dataStartOffset;
+	dataOffset += appendArgumentCopyToMemory(_functionType.getParameterTypes(), _arguments, dataOffset);
+
 	//@todo only return the first return value for now
 	Type const* firstType = _functionType.getReturnParameterTypes().empty() ? nullptr :
 							_functionType.getReturnParameterTypes().front().get();
 	unsigned retSize = firstType ? CompilerUtils::getPaddedSize(firstType->getCalldataEncodedSize()) : 0;
 	// CALL arguments: outSize, outOff, inSize, inOff, value, addr, gas (stack top)
 	m_context << u256(retSize) << u256(0) << u256(dataOffset) << u256(0);
-	if (_options.obtainValue)
-		_options.obtainValue();
+	if (_functionType.valueSet())
+		m_context << eth::dupInstruction(m_context.baseToCurrentStackOffset(valueStackPos));
 	else
 		m_context << u256(0);
-	m_context << eth::dupInstruction(6); //copy contract address
+	m_context << eth::dupInstruction(m_context.baseToCurrentStackOffset(contractStackPos));
 
-	m_context << u256(25) << eth::Instruction::GAS << eth::Instruction::SUB
-			  << eth::Instruction::CALL
-			  << eth::Instruction::POP // @todo do not ignore failure indicator
-			  << eth::Instruction::POP; // pop contract address
+	if (_functionType.gasSet())
+		m_context << eth::dupInstruction(m_context.baseToCurrentStackOffset(gasStackPos));
+	else
+		// send all gas except for the 21 needed to execute "SUB" and "CALL"
+		m_context << u256(21) << eth::Instruction::GAS << eth::Instruction::SUB;
+	m_context << eth::Instruction::CALL
+			  << eth::Instruction::POP; // @todo do not ignore failure indicator
+	if (_functionType.valueSet())
+		m_context << eth::Instruction::POP;
+	if (_functionType.gasSet())
+		m_context << eth::Instruction::POP;
+	if (!bare)
+		m_context << eth::Instruction::POP;
+	m_context << eth::Instruction::POP; // pop contract address
 
 	if (retSize > 0)
 	{
@@ -694,6 +722,28 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::appendExternalFunctionCall(FunctionType const& _functio
 	}
 }
 
+unsigned ExpressionCompiler::appendArgumentCopyToMemory(TypePointers const& _types,
+														vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> const& _arguments,
+														unsigned _memoryOffset)
+{
+	unsigned length = 0;
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < _arguments.size(); ++i)
+	{
+		_arguments[i]->accept(*this);
+		appendTypeConversion(*_arguments[i]->getType(), *_types[i], true);
+		unsigned const c_numBytes = _types[i]->getCalldataEncodedSize();
+		if (c_numBytes == 0 || c_numBytes > 32)
+			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(CompilerError()
+								  << errinfo_sourceLocation(_arguments[i]->getLocation())
+								  << errinfo_comment("Type " + _types[i]->toString() + " not yet supported."));
+		bool const c_leftAligned = _types[i]->getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING;
+		bool const c_padToWords = true;
+		length += CompilerUtils(m_context).storeInMemory(_memoryOffset + length, c_numBytes,
+														 c_leftAligned, c_padToWords);
+	}
+	return length;
+}
+
 ExpressionCompiler::LValue::LValue(CompilerContext& _compilerContext, LValueType _type, Type const& _dataType,
 								   unsigned _baseStackOffset):
 	m_context(&_compilerContext), m_type(_type), m_baseStackOffset(_baseStackOffset),
diff --git a/ExpressionCompiler.h b/ExpressionCompiler.h
index 98f58c85..4a696c39 100644
--- a/ExpressionCompiler.h
+++ b/ExpressionCompiler.h
@@ -87,21 +87,13 @@ private:
 	//// Appends code that cleans higher-order bits for integer types.
 	void appendHighBitsCleanup(IntegerType const& _typeOnStack);
 
-	/// Additional options used in appendExternalFunctionCall.
-	struct FunctionCallOptions
-	{
-		FunctionCallOptions() {}
-		/// Invoked to copy the address to the stack
-		std::function<void()> obtainAddress;
-		/// Invoked to copy the ethe value to the stack (if not specified, value is 0).
-		std::function<void()> obtainValue;
-		/// If true, do not prepend function index to call data
-		bool bare = false;
-	};
-
 	/// Appends code to call a function of the given type with the given arguments.
 	void appendExternalFunctionCall(FunctionType const& _functionType, std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> const& _arguments,
-									FunctionCallOptions const& _options = FunctionCallOptions());
+									bool bare = false);
+	/// Appends code that copies the given arguments to memory (with optional offset).
+	/// @returns the number of bytes copied to memory
+	unsigned appendArgumentCopyToMemory(TypePointers const& _functionType, std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> const& _arguments,
+										unsigned _memoryOffset = 0);
 
 	/**
 	 * Helper class to store and retrieve lvalues to and from various locations.
diff --git a/Parser.cpp b/Parser.cpp
index e287319d..ebff3ba4 100644
--- a/Parser.cpp
+++ b/Parser.cpp
@@ -466,17 +466,7 @@ ASTPointer<Expression> Parser::parseUnaryExpression()
 {
 	ASTNodeFactory nodeFactory(*this);
 	Token::Value token = m_scanner->getCurrentToken();
-	if (token == Token::NEW)
-	{
-		expectToken(Token::NEW);
-		ASTPointer<Identifier> contractName = ASTNodeFactory(*this).createNode<Identifier>(expectIdentifierToken());
-		expectToken(Token::LPAREN);
-		vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> arguments(parseFunctionCallArguments());
-		expectToken(Token::RPAREN);
-		nodeFactory.markEndPosition();
-		return nodeFactory.createNode<NewExpression>(contractName, arguments);
-	}
-	else if (Token::isUnaryOp(token) || Token::isCountOp(token))
+	if (Token::isUnaryOp(token) || Token::isCountOp(token))
 	{
 		// prefix expression
 		m_scanner->next();
@@ -500,7 +490,17 @@ ASTPointer<Expression> Parser::parseUnaryExpression()
 ASTPointer<Expression> Parser::parseLeftHandSideExpression()
 {
 	ASTNodeFactory nodeFactory(*this);
-	ASTPointer<Expression> expression = parsePrimaryExpression();
+	ASTPointer<Expression> expression;
+	if (m_scanner->getCurrentToken() == Token::NEW)
+	{
+		expectToken(Token::NEW);
+		ASTPointer<Identifier> contractName = ASTNodeFactory(*this).createNode<Identifier>(expectIdentifierToken());
+		nodeFactory.markEndPosition();
+		expression = nodeFactory.createNode<NewExpression>(contractName);
+	}
+	else
+		expression = parsePrimaryExpression();
+
 	while (true)
 	{
 		switch (m_scanner->getCurrentToken())
diff --git a/Types.cpp b/Types.cpp
index 7ca1dc6d..6a1b120c 100644
--- a/Types.cpp
+++ b/Types.cpp
@@ -546,7 +546,8 @@ u256 StructType::getStorageOffsetOfMember(string const& _name) const
 	BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage offset of non-existing member requested."));
 }
 
-FunctionType::FunctionType(FunctionDefinition const& _function, bool _isInternal)
+FunctionType::FunctionType(FunctionDefinition const& _function, bool _isInternal):
+	m_location(_isInternal ? Location::INTERNAL : Location::EXTERNAL)
 {
 	TypePointers params;
 	TypePointers retParams;
@@ -558,7 +559,6 @@ FunctionType::FunctionType(FunctionDefinition const& _function, bool _isInternal
 		retParams.push_back(var->getType());
 	swap(params, m_parameterTypes);
 	swap(retParams, m_returnParameterTypes);
-	m_location = _isInternal ? Location::INTERNAL : Location::EXTERNAL;
 }
 
 bool FunctionType::operator==(Type const& _other) const
@@ -580,6 +580,9 @@ bool FunctionType::operator==(Type const& _other) const
 	if (!equal(m_returnParameterTypes.cbegin(), m_returnParameterTypes.cend(),
 			   other.m_returnParameterTypes.cbegin(), typeCompare))
 		return false;
+	//@todo this is ugly, but cannot be prevented right now
+	if (m_gasSet != other.m_gasSet || m_valueSet != other.m_valueSet)
+		return false;
 	return true;
 }
 
@@ -596,16 +599,44 @@ string FunctionType::toString() const
 
 unsigned FunctionType::getSizeOnStack() const
 {
+	unsigned size = 0;
+	if (m_location == Location::EXTERNAL)
+		size = 2;
+	else if (m_location == Location::INTERNAL || m_location == Location::BARE)
+		size = 1;
+	if (m_gasSet)
+		size++;
+	if (m_valueSet)
+		size++;
+	return size;
+}
+
+MemberList const& FunctionType::getMembers() const
+{
 	switch (m_location)
 	{
-	case Location::INTERNAL:
-		return 1;
 	case Location::EXTERNAL:
-		return 2;
+	case Location::CREATION:
+	case Location::ECRECOVER:
+	case Location::SHA256:
+	case Location::RIPEMD160:
 	case Location::BARE:
-		return 1;
+		if (!m_members)
+		{
+			map<string, TypePointer> members{
+				{"gas", make_shared<FunctionType>(parseElementaryTypeVector({"uint"}),
+												  TypePointers{copyAndSetGasOrValue(true, false)},
+												  Location::SET_GAS, m_gasSet, m_valueSet)},
+				{"value", make_shared<FunctionType>(parseElementaryTypeVector({"uint"}),
+													TypePointers{copyAndSetGasOrValue(false, true)},
+													Location::SET_VALUE, m_gasSet, m_valueSet)}};
+			if (m_location == Location::CREATION)
+				members.erase("gas");
+			m_members.reset(new MemberList(members));
+		}
+		return *m_members;
 	default:
-		return 0;
+		return EmptyMemberList;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -628,6 +659,12 @@ TypePointers FunctionType::parseElementaryTypeVector(strings const& _types)
 	return pointers;
 }
 
+TypePointer FunctionType::copyAndSetGasOrValue(bool _setGas, bool _setValue) const
+{
+	return make_shared<FunctionType>(m_parameterTypes, m_returnParameterTypes, m_location,
+									 m_gasSet || _setGas, m_valueSet || _setValue);
+}
+
 bool MappingType::operator==(Type const& _other) const
 {
 	if (_other.getCategory() != getCategory())
diff --git a/Types.h b/Types.h
index 1ccdd706..158d58eb 100644
--- a/Types.h
+++ b/Types.h
@@ -291,6 +291,8 @@ public:
 
 	virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override;
 
+	ContractDefinition const& getContractDefinition() const { return m_contract; }
+
 	/// Returns the function type of the constructor. Note that the location part of the function type
 	/// is not used, as this type cannot be the type of a variable or expression.
 	std::shared_ptr<FunctionType const> const& getConstructorType() const;
@@ -345,10 +347,15 @@ class FunctionType: public Type
 {
 public:
 	/// The meaning of the value(s) on the stack referencing the function:
-	/// INTERNAL: jump tag, EXTERNAL: contract address + function index,
+	/// INTERNAL: jump tag, EXTERNAL: contract address + function identifier,
 	/// BARE: contract address (non-abi contract call)
 	/// OTHERS: special virtual function, nothing on the stack
-	enum class Location { INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, SEND, SHA3, SUICIDE, ECRECOVER, SHA256, RIPEMD160, LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, LOG3, LOG4, BARE };
+	enum class Location { INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, CREATION, SEND,
+						  SHA3, SUICIDE,
+						  ECRECOVER, SHA256, RIPEMD160,
+						  LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, LOG3, LOG4,
+						  SET_GAS, SET_VALUE,
+						  BARE };
 
 	virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::FUNCTION; }
 	explicit FunctionType(FunctionDefinition const& _function, bool _isInternal = true);
@@ -357,9 +364,10 @@ public:
 		FunctionType(parseElementaryTypeVector(_parameterTypes), parseElementaryTypeVector(_returnParameterTypes),
 					 _location) {}
 	FunctionType(TypePointers const& _parameterTypes, TypePointers const& _returnParameterTypes,
-				 Location _location = Location::INTERNAL):
+				 Location _location = Location::INTERNAL,
+				 bool _gasSet = false, bool _valueSet = false):
 		m_parameterTypes(_parameterTypes), m_returnParameterTypes(_returnParameterTypes),
-		m_location(_location) {}
+		m_location(_location), m_gasSet(_gasSet), m_valueSet(_valueSet) {}
 
 	TypePointers const& getParameterTypes() const { return m_parameterTypes; }
 	TypePointers const& getReturnParameterTypes() const { return m_returnParameterTypes; }
@@ -370,16 +378,27 @@ public:
 	virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage size of non-storable function type requested.")); }
 	virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; }
 	virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override;
+	virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override;
 
 	Location const& getLocation() const { return m_location; }
 	std::string getCanonicalSignature() const;
 
+	bool gasSet() const { return m_gasSet; }
+	bool valueSet() const { return m_valueSet; }
+
+	/// @returns a copy of this type, where gas or value are set manually. This will never set one
+	/// of the parameters to fals.
+	TypePointer copyAndSetGasOrValue(bool _setGas, bool _setValue) const;
+
 private:
 	static TypePointers parseElementaryTypeVector(strings const& _types);
 
 	TypePointers m_parameterTypes;
 	TypePointers m_returnParameterTypes;
-	Location m_location;
+	Location const m_location;
+	bool const m_gasSet = false; ///< true iff the gas value to be used is on the stack
+	bool const m_valueSet = false; ///< true iff the value to be sent is on the stack
+	mutable std::unique_ptr<MemberList> m_members;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/grammar.txt b/grammar.txt
index 8c34997b..f06d4def 100644
--- a/grammar.txt
+++ b/grammar.txt
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Expression = Assignment | UnaryOperation | BinaryOperation | FunctionCall | NewE
 // The expression syntax is actually much more complicated
 Assignment = Expression (AssignmentOp Expression)
 FunctionCall = Expression '(' Expression ( ',' Expression )* ')'
-NewExpression = 'new' Identifier '(' ( Expression ( ',' Expression )* ) ')'
+NewExpression = 'new' Identifier
 MemberAccess = Expression '.' Identifier
 IndexAccess = Expression '[' Expresison ']'
 PrimaryExpression = Identifier | NumberLiteral | StringLiteral | ElementaryTypeName | '(' Expression ')'