Merge branch 'develop' into client_ref

Conflicts:
	libethereum/Client.cpp

7 files changed, 466 insertions, 110 deletions

diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 952b1674..cbf18480 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ add_executable(testeth ${SRC_LIST} ${HEADERS})
 
 target_link_libraries(testeth ${Boost_UNIT_TEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES})
 target_link_libraries(testeth ${CURL_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(testeth ${CRYPTOPP_LIBRARIES})
 target_link_libraries(testeth ethereum)
 target_link_libraries(testeth ethcore)
 if (NOT WIN32)
diff --git a/TestHelper.cpp b/TestHelper.cpp
index 698f3512..9a1b1693 100644
--- a/TestHelper.cpp
+++ b/TestHelper.cpp
@@ -199,10 +199,10 @@ void ImportTest::importState(json_spirit::mObject& _o, State& _state, stateOptio
 			stateOptions.m_bHasCode = true;
 		}
 
-		if (code.size())
+		if (!code.empty())
 		{
 			_state.m_cache[address] = Account(balance, Account::ContractConception);
-			_state.m_cache[address].setCode(code);
+			_state.m_cache[address].setCode(std::move(code));
 		}
 		else
 			_state.m_cache[address] = Account(balance, Account::NormalCreation);
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ void ImportTest::importState(json_spirit::mObject& _o, State& _state)
 }
 
 void ImportTest::importTransaction(json_spirit::mObject& _o)
-{	
+{
 	if (_o.count("secretKey") > 0)
 	{
 		assert(_o.count("nonce") > 0);
@@ -728,10 +728,20 @@ Options::Options()
 	for (auto i = 0; i < argc; ++i)
 	{
 		auto arg = std::string{argv[i]};
-		if (arg == "--jit")
-			eth::VMFactory::setKind(eth::VMKind::JIT);
-		else if (arg == "--vm=smart")
-			eth::VMFactory::setKind(eth::VMKind::Smart);
+		if (arg == "--vm" && i + 1 < argc)
+		{
+			string vmKind = argv[++i];
+			if (vmKind == "interpreter")
+				VMFactory::setKind(VMKind::Interpreter);
+			else if (vmKind == "jit")
+				VMFactory::setKind(VMKind::JIT);
+			else if (vmKind == "smart")
+				VMFactory::setKind(VMKind::Smart);
+			else
+				cerr << "Unknown VM kind: " << vmKind << endl;
+		}
+		else if (arg == "--jit") // TODO: Remove deprecated option "--jit"
+			VMFactory::setKind(VMKind::JIT);
 		else if (arg == "--vmtrace")
 			vmtrace = true;
 		else if (arg == "--filltests")
diff --git a/TestHelper.h b/TestHelper.h
index 1c1dfb5f..4ac59e91 100644
--- a/TestHelper.h
+++ b/TestHelper.h
@@ -188,6 +188,7 @@ void doTransactionTests(json_spirit::mValue& _v, bool _fillin);
 void doStateTests(json_spirit::mValue& v, bool _fillin);
 void doVMTests(json_spirit::mValue& v, bool _fillin);
 void doBlockchainTests(json_spirit::mValue& _v, bool _fillin);
+void doRlpTests(json_spirit::mValue& v, bool _fillin);
 
 template<typename mapType>
 void checkAddresses(mapType& _expectedAddrs, mapType& _resultAddrs)
diff --git a/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp b/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp
index a2dbc35e..ad217546 100644
--- a/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp
@@ -564,20 +564,6 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(strings)
 	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("pipeThrough(bytes2,bool)", string("\0\x02", 2), true) == encodeArgs(string("\0\x2", 2), true));
 }
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(empty_string_on_stack)
-{
-	char const* sourceCode = R"(
-		contract test {
-			function run() external returns(bytes2 ret) {
-				var y = "";
-				ret = y;
-			}
-		}
-	)";
-	compileAndRun(sourceCode);
-	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("run()") == encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
-}
-
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inc_dec_operators)
 {
 	char const* sourceCode = R"(
@@ -4806,6 +4792,232 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_dynamic_index_access_write)
 	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()") == encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(4), data));
 }
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_read_write)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Test {
+			struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; uint8[2] a; }
+			S[5] data;
+			function testInit() returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a, bool flag) {
+				S[2] memory d;
+				x = d[0].x;
+				y = d[0].y;
+				z = d[0].z;
+				a = d[0].a[1];
+				flag = true;
+			}
+			function testCopyRead() returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a) {
+				data[2].x = 1;
+				data[2].y = 2;
+				data[2].z = 3;
+				data[2].a[1] = 4;
+				S memory s = data[2];
+				x = s.x;
+				y = s.y;
+				z = s.z;
+				a = s.a[1];
+			}
+			function testAssign() returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a) {
+				S memory s;
+				s.x = 1;
+				s.y = 2;
+				s.z = 3;
+				s.a[1] = 4;
+				x = s.x;
+				y = s.y;
+				z = s.z;
+				a = s.a[1];
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
+
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("testInit()") == encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(0), u256(0), u256(0), true));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("testCopyRead()") == encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("testAssign()") == encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_as_function_args)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Test {
+			struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
+			function test() returns (uint x, uint y, uint z) {
+				S memory data = combine(1, 2, 3);
+				x = extract(data, 0);
+				y = extract(data, 1);
+				z = extract(data, 2);
+			}
+			function extract(S s, uint which) internal returns (uint x) {
+				if (which == 0) return s.x;
+				else if (which == 1) return s.y;
+				else return s.z;
+			}
+			function combine(uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z) internal returns (S s) {
+				s.x = x;
+				s.y = y;
+				s.z = z;
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
+
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()") == encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_nested)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Test {
+			struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
+			struct X { uint8 x; S s; }
+			function test() returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z) {
+				X memory d = combine(1, 2, 3, 4);
+				a = extract(d, 0);
+				x = extract(d, 1);
+				y = extract(d, 2);
+				z = extract(d, 3);
+			}
+			function extract(X s, uint which) internal returns (uint x) {
+				if (which == 0) return s.x;
+				else if (which == 1) return s.s.x;
+				else if (which == 2) return s.s.y;
+				else return s.s.z;
+			}
+			function combine(uint8 a, uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z) internal returns (X s) {
+				s.x = a;
+				s.s.x = x;
+				s.s.y = y;
+				s.s.z = z;
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
+
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()") == encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_nested_load)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Test {
+			struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
+			struct X { uint8 x; S s; uint8[2] a; }
+			X m_x;
+			function load() returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z, uint a1, uint a2) {
+				m_x.x = 1;
+				m_x.s.x = 2;
+				m_x.s.y = 3;
+				m_x.s.z = 4;
+				m_x.a[0] = 5;
+				m_x.a[1] = 6;
+				X memory d = m_x;
+				a = d.x;
+				x = d.s.x;
+				y = d.s.y;
+				z = d.s.z;
+				a1 = d.a[0];
+				a2 = d.a[1];
+			}
+			function store() returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z, uint a1, uint a2) {
+				X memory d;
+				d.x = 1;
+				d.s.x = 2;
+				d.s.y = 3;
+				d.s.z = 4;
+				d.a[0] = 5;
+				d.a[1] = 6;
+				m_x = d;
+				a = m_x.x;
+				x = m_x.s.x;
+				y = m_x.s.y;
+				z = m_x.s.z;
+				a1 = m_x.a[0];
+				a2 = m_x.a[1];
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
+
+	auto out = encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4), u256(5), u256(6));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("load()") == out);
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("store()") == out);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_constructor_nested)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract C {
+			struct X { uint x1; uint x2; }
+			struct S { uint s1; uint[3] s2; X s3; }
+			S s;
+			function C() {
+				uint[3] memory s2;
+				s2[1] = 9;
+				s = S(1, s2, X(4, 5));
+			}
+			function get() returns (uint s1, uint[3] s2, uint x1, uint x2)
+			{
+				s1 = s.s1;
+				s2 = s.s2;
+				x1 = s.s3.x1;
+				x2 = s.s3.x2;
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
+
+	auto out = encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(0), u256(9), u256(0), u256(4), u256(5));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()") == out);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_named_constructor)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract C {
+			struct S { uint a; bool x; }
+			S public s;
+			function C() {
+				s = S({a: 1, x: true});
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
+
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("s()") == encodeArgs(u256(1), true));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(literal_strings)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Test {
+			string public long;
+			string public medium;
+			string public short;
+			string public empty;
+			function f() returns (string) {
+				long = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
+				medium = "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789";
+				short = "123";
+				empty = "";
+				return "Hello, World!";
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
+	string longStr = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
+	string medium = "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789";
+	string shortStr = "123";
+	string hello = "Hello, World!";
+
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()") == encodeDyn(hello));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("long()") == encodeDyn(longStr));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("medium()") == encodeDyn(medium));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("short()") == encodeDyn(shortStr));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("empty()") == encodeDyn(string()));
+}
+
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
 
 }
diff --git a/libsolidity/SolidityNameAndTypeResolution.cpp b/libsolidity/SolidityNameAndTypeResolution.cpp
index 4914ef97..1e40ee4f 100644
--- a/libsolidity/SolidityNameAndTypeResolution.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/SolidityNameAndTypeResolution.cpp
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(large_string_literal)
 	char const* text = "contract test {\n"
 					   "  function f() { var x = \"123456789012345678901234567890123\"; }"
 					   "}\n";
-	BOOST_CHECK_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(text), TypeError);
+	BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(text));
 }
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(balance)
@@ -2056,6 +2056,60 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_not_resizeable)
 	BOOST_CHECK_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(sourceCode), TypeError);
 }
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_constructor)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract C {
+			struct S { uint a; bool x; }
+			function f() {
+				S memory s = S(1, true);
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(sourceCode));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_constructor_nested)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract C {
+			struct X { uint x1; uint x2; }
+			struct S { uint s1; uint[3] s2; X s3; }
+			function f() {
+				uint[3] memory s2;
+				S memory s = S(1, s2, X(4, 5));
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(sourceCode));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_named_constructor)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract C {
+			struct S { uint a; bool x; }
+			function f() {
+				S memory s = S({a: 1, x: true});
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(sourceCode));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(literal_strings)
+{
+	char const* text = R"(
+		contract Foo {
+			function f() {
+				string memory long = "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
+				string memory short = "123";
+			}
+		}
+	)";
+	BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(parseTextAndResolveNames(text));
+}
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
 
 }
diff --git a/libsolidity/SolidityWallet.cpp b/libsolidity/SolidityWallet.cpp
index ba8f198f..1c296b9f 100644
--- a/libsolidity/SolidityWallet.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/SolidityWallet.cpp
@@ -47,12 +47,18 @@ static char const* walletCode = R"DELIMITER(
 // some number (specified in constructor) of the set of owners (specified in the constructor, modifiable) before the
 // interior is executed.
 contract multiowned {
+
+	// TYPES
+
 	// struct for the status of a pending operation.
 	struct PendingState {
 		uint yetNeeded;
 		uint ownersDone;
 		uint index;
 	}
+
+	// EVENTS
+
 	// this contract only has five types of events: it can accept a confirmation, in which case
 	// we record owner and operation (hash) alongside it.
 	event Confirmation(address owner, bytes32 operation);
@@ -63,14 +69,9 @@ contract multiowned {
 	event OwnerRemoved(address oldOwner);
 	// the last one is emitted if the required signatures change
 	event RequirementChanged(uint newRequirement);
-	// constructor is given number of sigs required to do protected "onlymanyowners" transactions
-	// as well as the selection of addresses capable of confirming them.
-	function multiowned() {
-		m_required = 1;
-		m_numOwners = 1;
-		m_owners[m_numOwners] = uint(msg.sender);
-		m_ownerIndex[uint(msg.sender)] = m_numOwners;
-	}
+
+	// MODIFIERS
+
 	// simple single-sig function modifier.
 	modifier onlyowner {
 		if (isOwner(msg.sender))
@@ -80,9 +81,21 @@ contract multiowned {
 	// that later attempts can be realised as the same underlying operation and
 	// thus count as confirmations.
 	modifier onlymanyowners(bytes32 _operation) {
-		if (confirmed(_operation))
+		if (confirmAndCheck(_operation))
 			_
 	}
+
+	// METHODS
+
+	// constructor is given number of sigs required to do protected "onlymanyowners" transactions
+	// as well as the selection of addresses capable of confirming them.
+	function multiowned() {
+		m_required = 1;
+		m_numOwners = 1;
+		m_owners[m_numOwners] = uint(msg.sender);
+		m_ownerIndex[uint(msg.sender)] = m_numOwners;
+	}
+
 	// Revokes a prior confirmation of the given operation
 	function revoke(bytes32 _operation) external {
 		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(msg.sender)];
@@ -96,7 +109,75 @@ contract multiowned {
 			Revoke(msg.sender, _operation);
 		}
 	}
-	function confirmed(bytes32 _operation) internal returns (bool) {
+
+	// Replaces an owner `_from` with another `_to`.
+	function changeOwner(address _from, address _to) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
+		if (isOwner(_to)) return;
+		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(_from)];
+		if (ownerIndex == 0) return;
+
+		clearPending();
+		m_owners[ownerIndex] = uint(_to);
+		m_ownerIndex[uint(_from)] = 0;
+		m_ownerIndex[uint(_to)] = ownerIndex;
+		OwnerChanged(_from, _to);
+	}
+	function addOwner(address _owner) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
+		if (isOwner(_owner)) return;
+
+		clearPending();
+		if (m_numOwners >= c_maxOwners)
+			reorganizeOwners();
+		if (m_numOwners >= c_maxOwners)
+			return;
+		m_numOwners++;
+		m_owners[m_numOwners] = uint(_owner);
+		m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)] = m_numOwners;
+		OwnerAdded(_owner);
+	}
+
+	function removeOwner(address _owner) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
+		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)];
+		if (ownerIndex == 0) return;
+		if (m_required > m_numOwners - 1) return;
+
+		m_owners[ownerIndex] = 0;
+		m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)] = 0;
+		clearPending();
+		reorganizeOwners(); //make sure m_numOwner is equal to the number of owners and always points to the optimal free slot
+		OwnerRemoved(_owner);
+	}
+
+	function changeRequirement(uint _newRequired) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
+		if (_newRequired > m_numOwners) return;
+		m_required = _newRequired;
+		clearPending();
+		RequirementChanged(_newRequired);
+	}
+
+	function isOwner(address _addr) returns (bool) {
+		return m_ownerIndex[uint(_addr)] > 0;
+	}
+
+	function hasConfirmed(bytes32 _operation, address _owner) constant returns (bool) {
+		var pending = m_pending[_operation];
+		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)];
+
+		// make sure they're an owner
+		if (ownerIndex == 0) return false;
+
+		// determine the bit to set for this owner.
+		uint ownerIndexBit = 2**ownerIndex;
+		if (pending.ownersDone & ownerIndexBit == 0) {
+			return false;
+		} else {
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// INTERNAL METHODS
+
+	function confirmAndCheck(bytes32 _operation) internal returns (bool) {
 		// determine what index the present sender is:
 		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(msg.sender)];
 		// make sure they're an owner
@@ -132,42 +213,7 @@ contract multiowned {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	// Replaces an owner `_from` with another `_to`.
-	function changeOwner(address _from, address _to) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
-		if (isOwner(_to)) return;
-		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(_from)];
-		if (ownerIndex == 0) return;
 
-		clearPending();
-		m_owners[ownerIndex] = uint(_to);
-		m_ownerIndex[uint(_from)] = 0;
-		m_ownerIndex[uint(_to)] = ownerIndex;
-		OwnerChanged(_from, _to);
-	}
-	function addOwner(address _owner) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
-		if (isOwner(_owner)) return;
-
-		clearPending();
-		if (m_numOwners >= c_maxOwners)
-			reorganizeOwners();
-		if (m_numOwners >= c_maxOwners)
-			return;
-		m_numOwners++;
-		m_owners[m_numOwners] = uint(_owner);
-		m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)] = m_numOwners;
-		OwnerAdded(_owner);
-	}
-	function removeOwner(address _owner) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
-		uint ownerIndex = m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)];
-		if (ownerIndex == 0) return;
-		if (m_required > m_numOwners - 1) return;
-
-		m_owners[ownerIndex] = 0;
-		m_ownerIndex[uint(_owner)] = 0;
-		clearPending();
-		reorganizeOwners(); //make sure m_numOwner is equal to the number of owners and always points to the optimal free slot
-		OwnerRemoved(_owner);
-	}
 	function reorganizeOwners() private returns (bool) {
 		uint free = 1;
 		while (free < m_numOwners)
@@ -182,6 +228,7 @@ contract multiowned {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
 	function clearPending() internal {
 		uint length = m_pendingIndex.length;
 		for (uint i = 0; i < length; ++i)
@@ -189,46 +236,54 @@ contract multiowned {
 				delete m_pending[m_pendingIndex[i]];
 		delete m_pendingIndex;
 	}
-	function changeRequirement(uint _newRequired) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
-		if (_newRequired > m_numOwners) return;
-		m_required = _newRequired;
-		clearPending();
-		RequirementChanged(_newRequired);
-	}
-	function isOwner(address _addr) returns (bool) {
-		return m_ownerIndex[uint(_addr)] > 0;
-	}
+
+	// FIELDS
 
 	// the number of owners that must confirm the same operation before it is run.
 	uint public m_required;
 	// pointer used to find a free slot in m_owners
 	uint public m_numOwners;
+
 	// list of owners
-	uint[256] public m_owners;
+	uint[256] m_owners;
 	uint constant c_maxOwners = 250;
 	// index on the list of owners to allow reverse lookup
-	mapping(uint => uint) public m_ownerIndex;
+	mapping(uint => uint) m_ownerIndex;
 	// the ongoing operations.
-	mapping(bytes32 => PendingState) public m_pending;
-	bytes32[] public m_pendingIndex;
+	mapping(bytes32 => PendingState) m_pending;
+	bytes32[] m_pendingIndex;
 }
 
 // inheritable "property" contract that enables methods to be protected by placing a linear limit (specifiable)
 // on a particular resource per calendar day. is multiowned to allow the limit to be altered. resource that method
 // uses is specified in the modifier.
 contract daylimit is multiowned {
+
+	// MODIFIERS
+
+	// simple modifier for daily limit.
+	modifier limitedDaily(uint _value) {
+		if (underLimit(_value))
+			_
+	}
+
+	// METHODS
+
 	// constructor - just records the present day's index.
 	function daylimit() {
 		m_lastDay = today();
 	}
 	// (re)sets the daily limit. needs many of the owners to confirm. doesn't alter the amount already spent today.
-	function setDailyLimit(uint _newLimit) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
+	function setDailyLimit(uint _newLimit) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
 		m_dailyLimit = _newLimit;
 	}
 	// (re)sets the daily limit. needs many of the owners to confirm. doesn't alter the amount already spent today.
-	function resetSpentToday() onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
+	function resetSpentToday() onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
 		m_spentToday = 0;
 	}
+
+	// INTERNAL METHODS
+
 	// checks to see if there is at least `_value` left from the daily limit today. if there is, subtracts it and
 	// returns true. otherwise just returns false.
 	function underLimit(uint _value) internal onlyowner returns (bool) {
@@ -244,60 +299,76 @@ contract daylimit is multiowned {
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
-	// simple modifier for daily limit.
-	modifier limitedDaily(uint _value) {
-		if (underLimit(_value))
-			_
-	}
 	// determines today's index.
 	function today() private constant returns (uint) { return now / 1 days; }
-	uint public m_spentToday;
+
+	// FIELDS
+
 	uint public m_dailyLimit;
-	uint public m_lastDay;
+	uint m_spentToday;
+	uint m_lastDay;
 }
+
 // interface contract for multisig proxy contracts; see below for docs.
 contract multisig {
+
+	// EVENTS
+
+	// logged events:
+	// Funds has arrived into the wallet (record how much).
 	event Deposit(address from, uint value);
+	// Single transaction going out of the wallet (record who signed for it, how much, and to whom it's going).
 	event SingleTransact(address owner, uint value, address to, bytes data);
+	// Multi-sig transaction going out of the wallet (record who signed for it last, the operation hash, how much, and to whom it's going).
 	event MultiTransact(address owner, bytes32 operation, uint value, address to, bytes data);
+	// Confirmation still needed for a transaction.
 	event ConfirmationNeeded(bytes32 operation, address initiator, uint value, address to, bytes data);
+
+	// FUNCTIONS
+
+	// TODO: document
 	function changeOwner(address _from, address _to) external;
 	function execute(address _to, uint _value, bytes _data) external returns (bytes32);
 	function confirm(bytes32 _h) returns (bool);
 }
+
 // usage:
 // bytes32 h = Wallet(w).from(oneOwner).transact(to, value, data);
 // Wallet(w).from(anotherOwner).confirm(h);
 contract Wallet is multisig, multiowned, daylimit {
+
+	// TYPES
+
 	// Transaction structure to remember details of transaction lest it need be saved for a later call.
 	struct Transaction {
 		address to;
 		uint value;
 		bytes data;
 	}
-	/*
-	// logged events:
-	// Funds has arrived into the wallet (record how much).
-	event Deposit(address from, uint value);
-	// Single transaction going out of the wallet (record who signed for it, how much, and to whom it's going).
-	event SingleTransact(address owner, uint value, address to, bytes data);
-	// Multi-sig transaction going out of the wallet (record who signed for it last, the operation hash, how much, and to whom it's going).
-	event MultiTransact(address owner, bytes32 operation, uint value, address to, bytes data);*/
+
+	// EVENTS
+
+	event Created(bytes32 indexed identifier);
+
+	// METHODS
+
 	// constructor - just pass on the owner arra to the multiowned.
-	event Created();
-	function Wallet() {
-		Created();
+	function Wallet(bytes32 identifier) {
+		Created(identifier);
 	}
+
 	// kills the contract sending everything to `_to`.
-	function kill(address _to) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data)) external {
+	function kill(address _to) onlymanyowners(sha3(msg.data, block.number)) external {
 		suicide(_to);
 	}
+
 	// gets called when no other function matches
 	function() {
 		// just being sent some cash?
 		if (msg.value > 0)
 			Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value);
 	}
+
 	// Outside-visible transact entry point. Executes transacion immediately if below daily spend limit.
 	// If not, goes into multisig process. We provide a hash on return to allow the sender to provide
 	// shortcuts for the other confirmations (allowing them to avoid replicating the _to, _value
@@ -311,7 +382,7 @@ contract Wallet is multisig, multiowned, daylimit {
 			return 0;
 		}
 		// determine our operation hash.
-		_r = sha3(msg.data);
+		_r = sha3(msg.data, block.number);
 		if (!confirm(_r) && m_txs[_r].to == 0) {
 			m_txs[_r].to = _to;
 			m_txs[_r].value = _value;
@@ -319,6 +390,7 @@ contract Wallet is multisig, multiowned, daylimit {
 			ConfirmationNeeded(_r, msg.sender, _value, _to, _data);
 		}
 	}
+
 	// confirm a transaction through just the hash. we use the previous transactions map, m_txs, in order
 	// to determine the body of the transaction from the hash provided.
 	function confirm(bytes32 _h) onlymanyowners(_h) returns (bool) {
@@ -329,20 +401,20 @@ contract Wallet is multisig, multiowned, daylimit {
 			return true;
 		}
 	}
+
+	// INTERNAL METHODS
+
 	function clearPending() internal {
 		uint length = m_pendingIndex.length;
 		for (uint i = 0; i < length; ++i)
 			delete m_txs[m_pendingIndex[i]];
 		super.clearPending();
 	}
-	// // internally confirm transaction with all of the info. returns true iff confirmed good and executed.
-	// function confirmVerbose(bytes32 _h, address _to, uint _value, bytes _data) private onlymanyowners(_h) returns (bool) {
-	//     _to.call.value(_value)(_data);
-	//     MultiTransact("out", msg.sender, _h, _value, _to);
-	//     return true;
-	// }
+
+	// FIELDS
+
 	// pending transactions we have at present.
-	mapping (bytes32 => Transaction) public m_txs;
+	mapping (bytes32 => Transaction) m_txs;
 }
 )DELIMITER";
 
@@ -443,7 +515,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_value_transfer)
 	// 4 owners, set required to 3
 	BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("changeRequirement(uint256)", u256(3)) == encodeArgs());
 	// check that balance is and stays zero at destination address
-	h256 opHash("f916231db11c12e0142dc51f23632bc655de87c63f83fc928c443e90f7aa364a");
+	h256 opHash("8f27f478ebcfaf28b0c354f4809ace8087000d668b89c8bc3b1b608bfdbe6654");
 	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_state.balance(Address(0x05)), 0);
 	m_sender = Address(0x12);
 	BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("execute(address,uint256,bytes)", h256(0x05), 100, 0x60, 0x00) == encodeArgs(opHash));
diff --git a/libsolidity/solidityExecutionFramework.h b/libsolidity/solidityExecutionFramework.h
index 200940a4..03a201c7 100644
--- a/libsolidity/solidityExecutionFramework.h
+++ b/libsolidity/solidityExecutionFramework.h
@@ -145,6 +145,12 @@ public:
 	{
 		return bytes();
 	}
+	//@todo might be extended in the future
+	template <class Arg>
+	static bytes encodeDyn(Arg const& _arg)
+	{
+		return encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(_arg.size()), _arg);
+	}
 
 private:
 	template <class CppFunction, class... Args>