path: root/eth/api.go

// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package eth

import (
    "bytes"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "io/ioutil"
    "math/big"
    "os"
    "runtime"
    "time"

    "github.com/ethereum/ethash"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/miner"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
    "golang.org/x/net/context"
)

const defaultTraceTimeout = 5 * time.Second

// PublicEthereumAPI provides an API to access Ethereum full node-related
// information.
type PublicEthereumAPI struct {
    e *Ethereum
}

// NewPublicEthereumAPI creates a new Etheruem protocol API for full nodes.
func NewPublicEthereumAPI(e *Ethereum) *PublicEthereumAPI {
    return &PublicEthereumAPI{e}
}

// Etherbase is the address that mining rewards will be send to
func (s *PublicEthereumAPI) Etherbase() (common.Address, error) {
    return s.e.Etherbase()
}

// Coinbase is the address that mining rewards will be send to (alias for Etherbase)
func (s *PublicEthereumAPI) Coinbase() (common.Address, error) {
    return s.Etherbase()
}

// Hashrate returns the POW hashrate
func (s *PublicEthereumAPI) Hashrate() *rpc.HexNumber {
    return rpc.NewHexNumber(s.e.Miner().HashRate())
}

// PublicMinerAPI provides an API to control the miner.
// It offers only methods that operate on data that pose no security risk when it is publicly accessible.
type PublicMinerAPI struct {
    e     *Ethereum
    agent *miner.RemoteAgent
}

// NewPublicMinerAPI create a new PublicMinerAPI instance.
func NewPublicMinerAPI(e *Ethereum) *PublicMinerAPI {
    agent := miner.NewRemoteAgent()
    e.Miner().Register(agent)

    return &PublicMinerAPI{e, agent}
}

// Mining returns an indication if this node is currently mining.
func (s *PublicMinerAPI) Mining() bool {
    return s.e.IsMining()
}

// SubmitWork can be used by external miner to submit their POW solution. It returns an indication if the work was
// accepted. Note, this is not an indication if the provided work was valid!
func (s *PublicMinerAPI) SubmitWork(nonce rpc.HexNumber, solution, digest common.Hash) bool {
    return s.agent.SubmitWork(nonce.Uint64(), digest, solution)
}

// GetWork returns a work package for external miner. The work package consists of 3 strings
// result[0], 32 bytes hex encoded current block header pow-hash
// result[1], 32 bytes hex encoded seed hash used for DAG
// result[2], 32 bytes hex encoded boundary condition ("target"), 2^256/difficulty
func (s *PublicMinerAPI) GetWork() (work [3]string, err error) {
    if !s.e.IsMining() {
        if err := s.e.StartMining(0, ""); err != nil {
            return work, err
        }
    }
    if work, err = s.agent.GetWork(); err == nil {
        return
    }
    glog.V(logger.Debug).Infof("%v", err)
    return work, fmt.Errorf("mining not ready")
}

// SubmitHashrate can be used for remote miners to submit their hash rate. This enables the node to report the combined
// hash rate of all miners which submit work through this node. It accepts the miner hash rate and an identifier which
// must be unique between nodes.
func (s *PublicMinerAPI) SubmitHashrate(hashrate rpc.HexNumber, id common.Hash) bool {
    s.agent.SubmitHashrate(id, hashrate.Uint64())
    return true
}

// PrivateMinerAPI provides private RPC methods to control the miner.
// These methods can be abused by external users and must be considered insecure for use by untrusted users.
type PrivateMinerAPI struct {
    e *Ethereum
}

// NewPrivateMinerAPI create a new RPC service which controls the miner of this node.
func NewPrivateMinerAPI(e *Ethereum) *PrivateMinerAPI {
    return &PrivateMinerAPI{e: e}
}

// Start the miner with the given number of threads. If threads is nil the number of
// workers started is equal to the number of logical CPU's that are usable by this process.
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) Start(threads *rpc.HexNumber) (bool, error) {
    s.e.StartAutoDAG()

    if threads == nil {
        threads = rpc.NewHexNumber(runtime.NumCPU())
    }

    err := s.e.StartMining(threads.Int(), "")
    if err == nil {
        return true, nil
    }
    return false, err
}

// Stop the miner
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) Stop() bool {
    s.e.StopMining()
    return true
}

// SetExtra sets the extra data string that is included when this miner mines a block.
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) SetExtra(extra string) (bool, error) {
    if err := s.e.Miner().SetExtra([]byte(extra)); err != nil {
        return false, err
    }
    return true, nil
}

// SetGasPrice sets the minimum accepted gas price for the miner.
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) SetGasPrice(gasPrice rpc.HexNumber) bool {
    s.e.Miner().SetGasPrice(gasPrice.BigInt())
    return true
}

// SetEtherbase sets the etherbase of the miner
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) bool {
    s.e.SetEtherbase(etherbase)
    return true
}

// StartAutoDAG starts auto DAG generation. This will prevent the DAG generating on epoch change
// which will cause the node to stop mining during the generation process.
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) StartAutoDAG() bool {
    s.e.StartAutoDAG()
    return true
}

// StopAutoDAG stops auto DAG generation
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) StopAutoDAG() bool {
    s.e.StopAutoDAG()
    return true
}

// MakeDAG creates the new DAG for the given block number
func (s *PrivateMinerAPI) MakeDAG(blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (bool, error) {
    if err := ethash.MakeDAG(uint64(blockNr.Int64()), ""); err != nil {
        return false, err
    }
    return true, nil
}

// PrivateAdminAPI is the collection of Etheruem full node-related APIs
// exposed over the private admin endpoint.
type PrivateAdminAPI struct {
    eth *Ethereum
}

// NewPrivateAdminAPI creates a new API definition for the full node private
// admin methods of the Ethereum service.
func NewPrivateAdminAPI(eth *Ethereum) *PrivateAdminAPI {
    return &PrivateAdminAPI{eth: eth}
}

// ExportChain exports the current blockchain into a local file.
func (api *PrivateAdminAPI) ExportChain(file string) (bool, error) {
    // Make sure we can create the file to export into
    out, err := os.OpenFile(file, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, os.ModePerm)
    if err != nil {
        return false, err
    }
    defer out.Close()

    // Export the blockchain
    if err := api.eth.BlockChain().Export(out); err != nil {
        return false, err
    }
    return true, nil
}

func hasAllBlocks(chain *core.BlockChain, bs []*types.Block) bool {
    for _, b := range bs {
        if !chain.HasBlock(b.Hash()) {
            return false
        }
    }

    return true
}

// ImportChain imports a blockchain from a local file.
func (api *PrivateAdminAPI) ImportChain(file string) (bool, error) {
    // Make sure the can access the file to import
    in, err := os.Open(file)
    if err != nil {
        return false, err
    }
    defer in.Close()

    // Run actual the import in pre-configured batches
    stream := rlp.NewStream(in, 0)

    blocks, index := make([]*types.Block, 0, 2500), 0
    for batch := 0; ; batch++ {
        // Load a batch of blocks from the input file
        for len(blocks) < cap(blocks) {
            block := new(types.Block)
            if err := stream.Decode(block); err == io.EOF {
                break
            } else if err != nil {
                return false, fmt.Errorf("block %d: failed to parse: %v", index, err)
            }
            blocks = append(blocks, block)
            index++
        }
        if len(blocks) == 0 {
            break
        }

        if hasAllBlocks(api.eth.BlockChain(), blocks) {
            blocks = blocks[:0]
            continue
        }
        // Import the batch and reset the buffer
        if _, err := api.eth.BlockChain().InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
            return false, fmt.Errorf("batch %d: failed to insert: %v", batch, err)
        }
        blocks = blocks[:0]
    }
    return true, nil
}

// PublicDebugAPI is the collection of Etheruem full node APIs exposed
// over the public debugging endpoint.
type PublicDebugAPI struct {
    eth *Ethereum
}

// NewPublicDebugAPI creates a new API definition for the full node-
// related public debug methods of the Ethereum service.
func NewPublicDebugAPI(eth *Ethereum) *PublicDebugAPI {
    return &PublicDebugAPI{eth: eth}
}

// DumpBlock retrieves the entire state of the database at a given block.
func (api *PublicDebugAPI) DumpBlock(number uint64) (state.Dump, error) {
    block := api.eth.BlockChain().GetBlockByNumber(number)
    if block == nil {
        return state.Dump{}, fmt.Errorf("block #%d not found", number)
    }
    stateDb, err := state.New(block.Root(), api.eth.ChainDb())
    if err != nil {
        return state.Dump{}, err
    }
    return stateDb.RawDump(), nil
}

// PrivateDebugAPI is the collection of Etheruem full node APIs exposed over
// the private debugging endpoint.
type PrivateDebugAPI struct {
    config *core.ChainConfig
    eth    *Ethereum
}

// NewPrivateDebugAPI creates a new API definition for the full node-related
// private debug methods of the Ethereum service.
func NewPrivateDebugAPI(config *core.ChainConfig, eth *Ethereum) *PrivateDebugAPI {
    return &PrivateDebugAPI{config: config, eth: eth}
}

// BlockTraceResult is the returned value when replaying a block to check for
// consensus results and full VM trace logs for all included transactions.
type BlockTraceResult struct {
    Validated  bool                  `json:"validated"`
    StructLogs []ethapi.StructLogRes `json:"structLogs"`
    Error      string                `json:"error"`
}

// TraceArgs holds extra parameters to trace functions
type TraceArgs struct {
    *vm.LogConfig
    Tracer  *string
    Timeout *string
}

// TraceBlock processes the given block's RLP but does not import the block in to
// the chain.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBlock(blockRlp []byte, config *vm.LogConfig) BlockTraceResult {
    var block types.Block
    err := rlp.Decode(bytes.NewReader(blockRlp), &block)
    if err != nil {
        return BlockTraceResult{Error: fmt.Sprintf("could not decode block: %v", err)}
    }

    validated, logs, err := api.traceBlock(&block, config)
    return BlockTraceResult{
        Validated:  validated,
        StructLogs: ethapi.FormatLogs(logs),
        Error:      formatError(err),
    }
}

// TraceBlockFromFile loads the block's RLP from the given file name and attempts to
// process it but does not import the block in to the chain.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBlockFromFile(file string, config *vm.LogConfig) BlockTraceResult {
    blockRlp, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
    if err != nil {
        return BlockTraceResult{Error: fmt.Sprintf("could not read file: %v", err)}
    }
    return api.TraceBlock(blockRlp, config)
}

// TraceBlockByNumber processes the block by canonical block number.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBlockByNumber(number uint64, config *vm.LogConfig) BlockTraceResult {
    // Fetch the block that we aim to reprocess
    block := api.eth.BlockChain().GetBlockByNumber(number)
    if block == nil {
        return BlockTraceResult{Error: fmt.Sprintf("block #%d not found", number)}
    }

    validated, logs, err := api.traceBlock(block, config)
    return BlockTraceResult{
        Validated:  validated,
        StructLogs: ethapi.FormatLogs(logs),
        Error:      formatError(err),
    }
}

// TraceBlockByHash processes the block by hash.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBlockByHash(hash common.Hash, config *vm.LogConfig) BlockTraceResult {
    // Fetch the block that we aim to reprocess
    block := api.eth.BlockChain().GetBlockByHash(hash)
    if block == nil {
        return BlockTraceResult{Error: fmt.Sprintf("block #%x not found", hash)}
    }

    validated, logs, err := api.traceBlock(block, config)
    return BlockTraceResult{
        Validated:  validated,
        StructLogs: ethapi.FormatLogs(logs),
        Error:      formatError(err),
    }
}

// traceBlock processes the given block but does not save the state.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) traceBlock(block *types.Block, logConfig *vm.LogConfig) (bool, []vm.StructLog, error) {
    // Validate and reprocess the block
    var (
        blockchain = api.eth.BlockChain()
        validator  = blockchain.Validator()
        processor  = blockchain.Processor()
    )

    structLogger := vm.NewStructLogger(logConfig)

    config := vm.Config{
        Debug:  true,
        Tracer: structLogger,
    }

    if err := core.ValidateHeader(api.config, blockchain.AuxValidator(), block.Header(), blockchain.GetHeader(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1), true, false); err != nil {
        return false, structLogger.StructLogs(), err
    }
    statedb, err := state.New(blockchain.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1).Root(), api.eth.ChainDb())
    if err != nil {
        return false, structLogger.StructLogs(), err
    }

    receipts, _, usedGas, err := processor.Process(block, statedb, config)
    if err != nil {
        return false, structLogger.StructLogs(), err
    }
    if err := validator.ValidateState(block, blockchain.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1), statedb, receipts, usedGas); err != nil {
        return false, structLogger.StructLogs(), err
    }
    return true, structLogger.StructLogs(), nil
}

// callmsg is the message type used for call transations.
type callmsg struct {
    addr          common.Address
    to            *common.Address
    gas, gasPrice *big.Int
    value         *big.Int
    data          []byte
}

// accessor boilerplate to implement core.Message
func (m callmsg) From() (common.Address, error)         { return m.addr, nil }
func (m callmsg) FromFrontier() (common.Address, error) { return m.addr, nil }
func (m callmsg) Nonce() uint64                         { return 0 }
func (m callmsg) CheckNonce() bool                      { return false }
func (m callmsg) To() *common.Address                   { return m.to }
func (m callmsg) GasPrice() *big.Int                    { return m.gasPrice }
func (m callmsg) Gas() *big.Int                         { return m.gas }
func (m callmsg) Value() *big.Int                       { return m.value }
func (m callmsg) Data() []byte                          { return m.data }

// formatError formats a Go error into either an empty string or the data content
// of the error itself.
func formatError(err error) string {
    if err == nil {
        return ""
    }
    return err.Error()
}

type timeoutError struct{}

func (t *timeoutError) Error() string {
    return "Execution time exceeded"
}

// TraceTransaction returns the structured logs created during the execution of EVM
// and returns them as a JSON object.
func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash, config *TraceArgs) (interface{}, error) {
    var tracer vm.Tracer
    if config != nil && config.Tracer != nil {
        timeout := defaultTraceTimeout
        if config.Timeout != nil {
            var err error
            if timeout, err = time.ParseDuration(*config.Timeout); err != nil {
                return nil, err
            }
        }

        var err error
        if tracer, err = ethapi.NewJavascriptTracer(*config.Tracer); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }

        // Handle timeouts and RPC cancellations
        deadlineCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, timeout)
        go func() {
            <-deadlineCtx.Done()
            tracer.(*ethapi.JavascriptTracer).Stop(&timeoutError{})
        }()
        defer cancel()
    } else if config == nil {
        tracer = vm.NewStructLogger(nil)
    } else {
        tracer = vm.NewStructLogger(config.LogConfig)
    }

    // Retrieve the tx from the chain and the containing block
    tx, blockHash, _, txIndex := core.GetTransaction(api.eth.ChainDb(), txHash)
    if tx == nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("transaction %x not found", txHash)
    }
    block := api.eth.BlockChain().GetBlockByHash(blockHash)
    if block == nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("block %x not found", blockHash)
    }
    // Create the state database to mutate and eventually trace
    parent := api.eth.BlockChain().GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
    if parent == nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("block parent %x not found", block.ParentHash())
    }
    stateDb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), api.eth.ChainDb())
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    // Mutate the state and trace the selected transaction
    for idx, tx := range block.Transactions() {
        // Assemble the transaction call message
        from, err := tx.FromFrontier()
        if err != nil {
            return nil, fmt.Errorf("sender retrieval failed: %v", err)
        }
        msg := callmsg{
            addr:     from,
            to:       tx.To(),
            gas:      tx.Gas(),
            gasPrice: tx.GasPrice(),
            value:    tx.Value(),
            data:     tx.Data(),
        }
        // Mutate the state if we haven't reached the tracing transaction yet
        if uint64(idx) < txIndex {
            vmenv := core.NewEnv(stateDb, api.config, api.eth.BlockChain(), msg, block.Header(), vm.Config{})
            _, _, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(tx.Gas()))
            if err != nil {
                return nil, fmt.Errorf("mutation failed: %v", err)
            }
            stateDb.DeleteSuicides()
            continue
        }
        // Otherwise trace the transaction and return
        vmenv := core.NewEnv(stateDb, api.config, api.eth.BlockChain(), msg, block.Header(), vm.Config{Debug: true, Tracer: tracer})
        ret, gas, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(tx.Gas()))
        if err != nil {
            return nil, fmt.Errorf("tracing failed: %v", err)
        }

        switch tracer := tracer.(type) {
        case *vm.StructLogger:
            return &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
                Gas:         gas,
                ReturnValue: fmt.Sprintf("%x", ret),
                StructLogs:  ethapi.FormatLogs(tracer.StructLogs()),
            }, nil
        case *ethapi.JavascriptTracer:
            return tracer.GetResult()
        }
    }
    return nil, errors.New("database inconsistency")
}