path: root/core/vm/logger.go

// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package vm

import (
    "encoding/hex"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "math/big"
    "time"

    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
)

type Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash

func (self Storage) Copy() Storage {
    cpy := make(Storage)
    for key, value := range self {
        cpy[key] = value
    }

    return cpy
}

// LogConfig are the configuration options for structured logger the EVM
type LogConfig struct {
    DisableMemory  bool // disable memory capture
    DisableStack   bool // disable stack capture
    DisableStorage bool // disable storage capture
    FullStorage    bool // show full storage (slow)
    Limit          int  // maximum length of output, but zero means unlimited
}

//go:generate gencodec -type StructLog -field-override structLogMarshaling -out gen_structlog.go

// StructLog is emitted to the EVM each cycle and lists information about the current internal state
// prior to the execution of the statement.
type StructLog struct {
    Pc         uint64                      `json:"pc"`
    Op         OpCode                      `json:"op"`
    Gas        uint64                      `json:"gas"`
    GasCost    uint64                      `json:"gasCost"`
    Memory     []byte                      `json:"memory"`
    MemorySize int                         `json:"memSize"`
    Stack      []*big.Int                  `json:"stack"`
    Storage    map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"-"`
    Depth      int                         `json:"depth"`
    Err        error                       `json:"error"`
}

// overrides for gencodec
type structLogMarshaling struct {
    Stack   []*math.HexOrDecimal256
    Gas     math.HexOrDecimal64
    GasCost math.HexOrDecimal64
    Memory  hexutil.Bytes
    OpName  string `json:"opName"`
}

func (s *StructLog) OpName() string {
    return s.Op.String()
}

// Tracer is used to collect execution traces from an EVM transaction
// execution. CaptureState is called for each step of the VM with the
// current VM state.
// Note that reference types are actual VM data structures; make copies
// if you need to retain them beyond the current call.
type Tracer interface {
    CaptureState(env *EVM, pc uint64, op OpCode, gas, cost uint64, memory *Memory, stack *Stack, contract *Contract, depth int, err error) error
    CaptureEnd(output []byte, gasUsed uint64, t time.Duration) error
}

// StructLogger is an EVM state logger and implements Tracer.
//
// StructLogger can capture state based on the given Log configuration and also keeps
// a track record of modified storage which is used in reporting snapshots of the
// contract their storage.
type StructLogger struct {
    cfg LogConfig

    logs          []StructLog
    changedValues map[common.Address]Storage
}

// NewStructLogger returns a new logger
func NewStructLogger(cfg *LogConfig) *StructLogger {
    logger := &StructLogger{
        changedValues: make(map[common.Address]Storage),
    }
    if cfg != nil {
        logger.cfg = *cfg
    }
    return logger
}

// CaptureState logs a new structured log message and pushes it out to the environment
//
// CaptureState also tracks SSTORE ops to track dirty values.
func (l *StructLogger) CaptureState(env *EVM, pc uint64, op OpCode, gas, cost uint64, memory *Memory, stack *Stack, contract *Contract, depth int, err error) error {
    // check if already accumulated the specified number of logs
    if l.cfg.Limit != 0 && l.cfg.Limit <= len(l.logs) {
        return ErrTraceLimitReached
    }

    // initialise new changed values storage container for this contract
    // if not present.
    if l.changedValues[contract.Address()] == nil {
        l.changedValues[contract.Address()] = make(Storage)
    }

    // capture SSTORE opcodes and determine the changed value and store
    // it in the local storage container. NOTE: we do not need to do any
    // range checks here because that's already handler prior to calling
    // this function.
    switch op {
    case SSTORE:
        var (
            value   = common.BigToHash(stack.data[stack.len()-2])
            address = common.BigToHash(stack.data[stack.len()-1])
        )
        l.changedValues[contract.Address()][address] = value
    }

    // copy a snapstot of the current memory state to a new buffer
    var mem []byte
    if !l.cfg.DisableMemory {
        mem = make([]byte, len(memory.Data()))
        copy(mem, memory.Data())
    }

    // copy a snapshot of the current stack state to a new buffer
    var stck []*big.Int
    if !l.cfg.DisableStack {
        stck = make([]*big.Int, len(stack.Data()))
        for i, item := range stack.Data() {
            stck[i] = new(big.Int).Set(item)
        }
    }

    // Copy the storage based on the settings specified in the log config. If full storage
    // is disabled (default) we can use the simple Storage.Copy method, otherwise we use
    // the state object to query for all values (slow process).
    var storage Storage
    if !l.cfg.DisableStorage {
        if l.cfg.FullStorage {
            storage = make(Storage)
            // Get the contract account and loop over each storage entry. This may involve looping over
            // the trie and is a very expensive process.

            env.StateDB.ForEachStorage(contract.Address(), func(key, value common.Hash) bool {
                storage[key] = value
                // Return true, indicating we'd like to continue.
                return true
            })
        } else {
            // copy a snapshot of the current storage to a new container.
            storage = l.changedValues[contract.Address()].Copy()
        }
    }
    // create a new snaptshot of the EVM.
    log := StructLog{pc, op, gas, cost, mem, memory.Len(), stck, storage, depth, err}

    l.logs = append(l.logs, log)
    return nil
}

func (l *StructLogger) CaptureEnd(output []byte, gasUsed uint64, t time.Duration) error {
    fmt.Printf("0x%x", output)
    return nil
}

// StructLogs returns a list of captured log entries
func (l *StructLogger) StructLogs() []StructLog {
    return l.logs
}

// WriteTrace writes a formatted trace to the given writer
func WriteTrace(writer io.Writer, logs []StructLog) {
    for _, log := range logs {
        fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%-16spc=%08d gas=%v cost=%v", log.Op, log.Pc, log.Gas, log.GasCost)
        if log.Err != nil {
            fmt.Fprintf(writer, " ERROR: %v", log.Err)
        }
        fmt.Fprintln(writer)

        if len(log.Stack) > 0 {
            fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Stack:")
            for i := len(log.Stack) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
                fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %x\n", len(log.Stack)-i-1, math.PaddedBigBytes(log.Stack[i], 32))
            }
        }
        if len(log.Memory) > 0 {
            fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Memory:")
            fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.Memory))
        }
        if len(log.Storage) > 0 {
            fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Storage:")
            for h, item := range log.Storage {
                fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%x: %x\n", h, item)
            }
        }
        fmt.Fprintln(writer)
    }
}

// WriteLogs writes vm logs in a readable format to the given writer
func WriteLogs(writer io.Writer, logs []*types.Log) {
    for _, log := range logs {
        fmt.Fprintf(writer, "LOG%d: %x bn=%d txi=%x\n", len(log.Topics), log.Address, log.BlockNumber, log.TxIndex)

        for i, topic := range log.Topics {
            fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %x\n", i, topic)
        }

        fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.Data))
        fmt.Fprintln(writer)
    }
}