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-#This file was created by <eric> Mon Feb 7 20:19:42 2000
-#LyX 1.0 (C) 1995-1999 Matthias Ettrich and the LyX Team
-\lyxformat 2.15
-\textclass linuxdoc
-\language default
-\inputencoding default
-\fontscheme default
-\graphics default
-\paperfontsize default
-\spacing single
-\papersize Default
-\paperpackage a4
-\use_geometry 0
-\use_amsmath 0
-\paperorientation portrait
-\secnumdepth 3
-\tocdepth 3
-\paragraph_separation indent
-\defskip medskip
-\quotes_language english
-\quotes_times 2
-\papercolumns 1
-\papersides 1
-\paperpagestyle default
-
-\layout Title
-
-Using Libical
-\layout Author
-
-Eric Busboom (eric@softwarestudio.org)
-\layout Date
-
-January 2000
-\layout Section
-
-Introduction
-\layout Standard
-
-Libical is an Open Source implementation of the iCalendar protocols and
- protocol data units.
- The iCalendar specification describes how calendar clients can communicate
- with calendar servers for users can store their calendar data and arrange
- meetings with other users.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Libical implements the following specifications and protocols
-\layout Standard
-\added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
-multicol5
-5 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 1 0 0
-1 1 0 0
-1 1 0 0
-1 1 0 0
-1 1 0 0
-8 1 0 "" ""
-8 1 1 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" ""
-
-iCal Core
-\newline
-2445
-\newline
-iTIP
-\newline
-2446
-\newline
-iMIP
-\newline
-2447
-\newline
-iRIP
-\newline
-draft
-\newline
-CAP
-\newline
-draft
-\layout Standard
-
-(The current version, 0.14, does not implement iRip or CAP.
- )
-\layout Standard
-
-This documentation assumes that you are familiar with the iCalendar standards
- RFC2445 and RFC2446.
-\layout Subsection
-
-The libical project
-\layout Standard
-
-This code is under active development.
- If you would like to contribute to the project, you can contact me, Eric
- Busboom, at eric@softwarestudio.org.
- The project has a webpage at
-\layout Quote
-
-http://softwarestudio.org/libical/index.html
-\layout Standard
-
-and a mailing list that you can join by sending the following mail:
-\layout Code
-
-To: minimalist@softwarestudio.org
-\layout Code
-
-Subject: subscribe libical
-\layout Subsection
-
-License
-\layout Standard
-
-The code and datafiles in this distribution are licensed under the Mozilla
- Public License.
- See http://www.mozilla.org/NPL/MPL-1.0.html for a copy of the license.
- Alternately, you may use libical under the terms of the GNU Library General
- Public License.
- See http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/lesser.html for a copy of the LGPL.
-\layout Standard
-
-This dual license ensures that the library can be incorporated into both
- proprietary code and GPL'd programs, and will benefit from improvements
- made by programmers in both realms.
- I will only accept changes into my version of the library if they are similarly
- dual-licensed.
-\layout Subsection
-
-Purpose & Goals
-\layout Subsection
-
-Document version
-\layout Standard
-
-$Id: UsingLibical.lyx,v 1.1 2000/02/17 18:02:36 alves Exp $
-\layout Section
-
-Building the Library
-\layout Section
-
-Structure
-\layout Standard
-
-The iCal calendar model is based on four types of objects: components, propertie
-s, values and parameters.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Properties are the fundamental unit of information in iCal, and they work
- a bit like a hash entry, with a constant key and a variable value.
- Properties may also have modifiers, called parameters.
- In the iCal content line
-\layout Code
-
-ORGANIZER;ROLE=CHAIR:MAILTO:mrbig@host.com
-\layout Standard
-
-The property name is
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-ORGANIZER,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- the value of the property is
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-mrbig@host.com
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- and the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-ROLE
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- parameter specifies that Mr Big is the chair of the meetings associated
- with this property.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Components are groups of properties that represent the core objects of a
- calendar system, such as events or timezones.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-The central goal of libical is to parse iTIP data into an internal representatio
-n of Components, Properties, Parameters an Values, and to allow the user
- to manipulate the data in various ways
-\layout Subsection
-
-Components
-\layout Subsection
-
-Properties
-\layout Subsection
-
-Values
-\layout Subsection
-
-Parameters
-\layout Subsection
-
-Enumerations
-\layout Subsection
-
-Types
-\layout Subsection
-
-The Parser
-\layout Subsection
-
-Restrictions
-\layout Subsection
-
-Memory Management
-\layout Section
-
-Differences From RFCs
-\layout Standard
-
-Libical has been designed to follow the standards as closely as possible,
- so that the key objects in the standards are also keey objects in the library.
- However, there are a few areas where the specifications are (arguably)
- irregular, and following them exactly would result in an unfriendly interface.
- These deviations make libical easier to use by maintaining a self-similar
- interface.
-
-\layout Subsection
-
-Pseudo Components
-\layout Standard
-
-Libical defines components for groups of properties that look and act like
- components, but are not defined as components in the specification.
- XDAYLIGHT and XSTANDARD are notable examples.
- These pseudo components group properties within the VTIMEZONE components.
- XDAYLIGHT starts with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- and ends with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-END:DAYLIGHT, just like other components, but is not defined as a component
- in RFC2445.
- ( See RFC2445, page 61 ) In Libical, it is a component.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-There are also pseudo components that are conceptually derived classess
- of VALARM.
- RFC2446 defines what properties may be included in each component, and
- for VALARM, the set of properties it may have depends on the value of the
- ACTION property.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-For instance, if a VALARM component has an ACTION property with the value
- of
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-AUDIO,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- the component must also have an
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-ATTACH
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- property.
- However, if the ACTION value is
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-DISPLAY,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- the component must have a DESCRIPTION property.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-To handle these various, complex restrictions, libical has pseudo components
- for each type of alarm: XAUDIOALARM, XDISPLAYALARM, XEMAILALARM and XPROCEDUREA
-LARM.
-
-\layout Subsection
-
-Combined Values
-\layout Standard
-
-Many values can take more than one type.
- TRIGGER, for instance, can have a value type of with DURATION or of DATE-TIME.
- These multiple types make it difficult to create routines to return the
- value associated with a property.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-It is natural to have interfaces that would return the value of a property,
- but it is cumbersone for a single routine to return multiple types.
- So, in libical, properties that can have multiple types are given a single
- type that is the union of their RFC2445 types.
- For instance, in libical, the value of the TRIGGER property resolves to
-
-\noun on
-struct icaltriggertype
-\noun default
-.
- This type is a union of a DURATION and a DATE-TIME.
-
-\layout Subsection
-
-Multi-Valued Properties
-\layout Standard
-
-Some properties, such as CATEGORIES have only one value type, but each CATEGORIE
-S property can have multiple value instances.
- This also results in a cumbersome interface -- CATEGORIES accessors would
- have to return a list while all other accessors returned a single value.
- In libical, all properties have a single value, and multi-valued properties
- are broken down into multiple single valued properties during parsing.
- That is, an input line like,
-\layout Code
-
-CATEGORIES: work, home
-\layout Standard
-
-becomes in libical's internal representation
-\layout Code
-
-CATEGORIES: work
-\layout Code
-
-CATEGORIES: home
-\layout Standard
-
-Oddly, RFC2445 allows some multi-valued properties ( like FREEBUSY ) to
- exist as both a multi-values property and as multiple single value properties,
- while others ( like CATEGORIES ) can only exist as single multi-valued
- properties.
- This makes the internal representation for CATEGORIES illegal.
- However when you convert a component to a string, the library will collect
- all of the CATEGORIES properties into one.
-
-\layout Section
-
-Implementation Limitations
-\layout Section
-
-Using libical
-\layout Subsection
-
-Creating Components
-\layout Standard
-
-There are three ways to create components in Libical: creating individual
- objects and assembling them, building entire objects in massive vaargs
- calls, and parsing a text file containing iCalendar data.
-
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Constructor Interfaces
-\layout Standard
-
-Using constructor interfaces, you create each of the objects seperately
- and them assemble them in to components:
-\layout Code
-
-event = icalcomponent_new(ICAL_VEVENT_COMPONENT);
-\layout Code
-
-icalcomponent_add_property(event, icalproperty_new_dtstamp(atime) );
-\layout Code
-
-icalcomponent_add_property(event,icalproperty_new_uid(strdup("guid-1.host1.com"))
- );
-\layout Code
-
-property=icalproperty_new_organizer(strdup("mrbig@host.com"));
-\layout Code
-
-icalproperty_add_parameter(property,icalparameter_new_role(ICAL_ROLE_CHAIR)
- );
-\layout Code
-
-icalcomponent_add_property(event,property);
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-vaargs Constructors
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Parsing Text Files
-\layout Subsection
-
-Accessing Components
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Finding Components
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Removing Components
-\layout Standard
-
-Removing an element from a list while iterating through the list can cause
- problems, since you will probably be removing the element that the internal
- iterator points to.
- This will result in the iteration loop terminating immediately after removing
- the element.
- To avoid the problem, you will need to step the iterator ahead of the element
- you are going to remove, like this:
-\layout Code
-
-for(c = icalcomponent_get_first_component(parent_comp,ICAL_ANY_COMPONENT);
-
-\layout Code
-
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-c != 0;
-\layout Code
-
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
-c = next
-\layout Code
-
-{
-\layout Code
-
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
- next = icalcomponent_get_next_component(parent_comp,ICAL_ANY_COMPONENT);
-\layout Code
-
-
-\protected_separator
-
-\protected_separator
- icalcomponent_remove_component(parent_comp,c);
-\layout Code
-
-}
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Finding Properties
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Removing Properties
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Getting Values
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Setting Values
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Getting Parameters
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Setting Parameters
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Removing Parameters
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Checking Component Validity
-\layout Subsection
-
-Storing Objects
-\layout Standard
-
-The libical distribution inclues a seperate library, libicalss, that allows
- you to store iCal component data to disk in a variety of ways.
- This library is documented seperately.
-
-\layout Subsection
-
-Memory Management
-\layout Standard
-
-Libical relies heavily on dynamic allocation for both the core objects and
- for the strings used to hold values.
- Some of this memory the library caller owns and must free, and some of
- the memory is managed by the library.
- Here is a summary of the memory rules.
-
-\layout Description
-
-1) If the function name has "new" in it, the caller gets control of the
- memory.
- ( such as icalcomponent_new(), or icalproperty_new_clone() )
-\layout Description
-
-2) If you got the memory from a routine with new in it, you must call the
- corresponding *_free routine to free the memory.
- ( Use icalcomponent_free() to free objects created with icalcomponent_new())
-
-\layout Description
-
-3) If the function name has "add" in it, the caller is transfering control
- of the memory to the routine.
- ( icalproperty_add_parameter() )
-\layout Description
-
-4) If the function name has "remove" in it, the caller passes in a pointer
- to an object and after the call returns, the caller owns the object.
- So, before you call icalcomponent_remove_property(comp,foo), you do not
- own "foo" and after the call returns, you do.
-
-\layout Description
-
-5) If the routine returns a string, libical owns the memory and will put
- it on a ring buffer to reclaim later.
- You'd better strdup() it if you want to keep it, and you don't have to
- delete it.
-
-\layout Subsection
-
-Error Handling
-\layout Standard
-
-icalerror_errno.
- Return values.
- #defines.
- icalerror_stop_here
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Return values
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-icalerrno
-\layout Subsubsection
-
-Component errors
-\layout Subsection
-
-Naming Standard
-\layout Standard
-
-Structures that you access with the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-struct
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- keyword, such as
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-struct icaltimetype
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- are things that you are allowed to see inside and poke at.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Structures that you access though a typedef, such as
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-icalcomponent
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- are things where all of the data is hidden.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Component names that start with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-V
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- are part of RFC 2445 or another iCal standard.
- Component names that start with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-X
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- are also part of the spec, but they are not actually components in the
- spec.
- However, they look and act like components, so they are components in libical.
- Names that start with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-XLIC
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- or
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-X-LIC
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- are not part of any iCal spec.
- They are used internally by libical.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Enums that identify a component, property, value or parameter end with
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-_COMPONENT,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-_PROPERTY,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-_VALUE,
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- or
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-_PAAMETER
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
-s
-\layout Standard
-
-Enums that identify a parameter value have the name of the parameter as
- the second word.
- For instance: ICAL_ROLE_REQPARTICIPANT or ICAL_PARTSTAT_ACCEPTED.
-\layout Standard
-
-The enums for the parts of a recurarance rule and request statuses are irregular.
-
-\layout Section
-
-Useful Recipies
-\layout Standard
-
-Iteration
-\layout Standard
-
-Copying components.
- Remember that you must clone or remove an object before putting in on anothr
- list.
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Finding compliance errors
-\layout Section
-
-Performance
-\layout Standard
-
-Checking restrictions is computationally expensive
-\layout Section
-
-Hacks and Bugs
-\the_end
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-11-14 00:47:15 +0800