Add versioned dependencies from godep

72 files changed, 6683 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/.gitignore b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..72b65e446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[._]*.s[a-w][a-z]
+[._]s[a-w][a-z]
+*.un~
+Session.vim
+.netrwhist
+*~
+*.o
+serpent
+libserpent.a
+pyserpent.so
+dist
+*.egg-info
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/MANIFEST.in b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/MANIFEST.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f5766ced
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/MANIFEST.in
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+include *.cpp
+include *.h
+include *py
+include README.md
+include Makefile
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/Makefile b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28c38728e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+PLATFORM_OPTS = 
+PYTHON = /usr/include/python2.7
+CXXFLAGS = -fPIC
+# -g3 -O0
+BOOST_INC = /usr/include
+BOOST_LIB = /usr/lib
+TARGET = pyserpent
+COMMON_OBJS = bignum.o util.o tokenize.o lllparser.o parser.o opcodes.o optimize.o functions.o rewriteutils.o preprocess.o rewriter.o compiler.o funcs.o
+HEADERS = bignum.h util.h tokenize.h lllparser.h parser.h opcodes.h functions.h optimize.h rewriteutils.h preprocess.h rewriter.h compiler.h funcs.h
+PYTHON_VERSION = 2.7
+
+serpent : serpentc lib
+
+lib:
+	ar rvs libserpent.a $(COMMON_OBJS) 
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) -shared $(COMMON_OBJS) -o libserpent.so
+
+serpentc: $(COMMON_OBJS) cmdline.o
+	rm -rf serpent
+	g++ -Wall $(COMMON_OBJS) cmdline.o -o serpent
+
+bignum.o : bignum.cpp bignum.h
+
+opcodes.o : opcodes.cpp opcodes.h
+
+util.o : util.cpp util.h bignum.o
+
+tokenize.o : tokenize.cpp tokenize.h util.o
+
+lllparser.o : lllparser.cpp lllparser.h tokenize.o util.o
+
+parser.o : parser.cpp parser.h tokenize.o util.o
+
+rewriter.o : rewriter.cpp rewriter.h lllparser.o util.o rewriteutils.o preprocess.o opcodes.o functions.o
+
+preprocessor.o: rewriteutils.o functions.o
+
+compiler.o : compiler.cpp compiler.h util.o
+
+funcs.o : funcs.cpp funcs.h
+
+cmdline.o: cmdline.cpp
+
+pyext.o: pyext.cpp
+
+clean:
+	rm -f serpent *\.o libserpent.a libserpent.so
+
+install:
+	cp serpent /usr/local/bin
+	cp libserpent.a /usr/local/lib
+	cp libserpent.so /usr/local/lib
+	rm -rf /usr/local/include/libserpent
+	mkdir -p /usr/local/include/libserpent
+	cp $(HEADERS) /usr/local/include/libserpent
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/README.md b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03dfcc15f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Installation:
+
+```make && sudo make install```
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..108b1eb04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "bignum.h"
+
+//Integer to string conversion
+std::string unsignedToDecimal(unsigned branch) {
+    if (branch < 10) return nums.substr(branch, 1);
+    else return unsignedToDecimal(branch / 10) + nums.substr(branch % 10,1);
+}
+
+//Add two strings representing decimal values
+std::string decimalAdd(std::string a, std::string b) {
+    std::string o = a;
+    while (b.length() < a.length()) b = "0" + b;
+    while (o.length() < b.length()) o = "0" + o;
+    bool carry = false;
+    for (int i = o.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        o[i] = o[i] + b[i] - '0';
+        if (carry) o[i]++;
+        if (o[i] > '9') {
+            o[i] -= 10;
+            carry = true;
+        }
+        else carry = false;
+    }
+    if (carry) o = "1" + o;
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Helper function for decimalMul
+std::string decimalDigitMul(std::string a, int dig) {
+    if (dig == 0) return "0";
+    else return decimalAdd(a, decimalDigitMul(a, dig - 1));
+}
+
+//Multiply two strings representing decimal values
+std::string decimalMul(std::string a, std::string b) {
+    std::string o = "0";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < b.length(); i++) {
+        std::string n = decimalDigitMul(a, b[i] - '0');
+        if (n != "0") {
+			for (unsigned j = i + 1; j < b.length(); j++) n += "0";
+        }
+        o = decimalAdd(o, n);
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Modexp
+std::string decimalModExp(std::string b, std::string e, std::string m) {
+    if (e == "0") return "1";
+    else if (e == "1") return b;
+    else if (decimalMod(e, "2") == "0") {
+        std::string o = decimalModExp(b, decimalDiv(e, "2"), m);
+        return decimalMod(decimalMul(o, o), m);
+    }
+    else {
+        std::string o = decimalModExp(b, decimalDiv(e, "2"), m);
+        return decimalMod(decimalMul(decimalMul(o, o), b), m);
+    }
+}
+
+//Is a greater than b? Flag allows equality
+bool decimalGt(std::string a, std::string b, bool eqAllowed) {
+    if (a == b) return eqAllowed;
+    return (a.length() > b.length()) || (a.length() >= b.length() && a > b);
+}
+
+//Subtract the two strings representing decimal values
+std::string decimalSub(std::string a, std::string b) {
+    if (b == "0") return a;
+    if (b == a) return "0";
+    while (b.length() < a.length()) b = "0" + b;
+    std::string c = b;
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < c.length(); i++) c[i] = '0' + ('9' - c[i]);
+    std::string o = decimalAdd(decimalAdd(a, c).substr(1), "1");
+    while (o.size() > 1 && o[0] == '0') o = o.substr(1);
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Divide the two strings representing decimal values
+std::string decimalDiv(std::string a, std::string b) {
+    std::string c = b;
+    if (decimalGt(c, a)) return "0";
+    int zeroes = -1;
+    while (decimalGt(a, c, true)) {
+        zeroes += 1;
+        c = c + "0";
+    }
+    c = c.substr(0, c.size() - 1);
+    std::string quot = "0";
+    while (decimalGt(a, c, true)) {
+        a = decimalSub(a, c);
+        quot = decimalAdd(quot, "1");
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < zeroes; i++) quot += "0";
+    return decimalAdd(quot, decimalDiv(a, b));
+}
+
+//Modulo the two strings representing decimal values
+std::string decimalMod(std::string a, std::string b) {
+    return decimalSub(a, decimalMul(decimalDiv(a, b), b));
+}
+
+//String to int conversion
+unsigned decimalToUnsigned(std::string a) {
+    if (a.size() == 0) return 0;
+    else return (a[a.size() - 1] - '0') 
+        + decimalToUnsigned(a.substr(0,a.size()-1)) * 10;
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..99571acd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/bignum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_BIGNUM
+#define ETHSERP_BIGNUM
+
+const std::string nums = "0123456789";
+
+const std::string tt256 = 
+"115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639936"
+;
+
+const std::string tt256m1 = 
+"115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639935"
+;
+
+const std::string tt255 =
+"57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728792003956564819968";
+
+const std::string tt176 =
+"95780971304118053647396689196894323976171195136475136";
+
+std::string unsignedToDecimal(unsigned branch);
+
+std::string decimalAdd(std::string a, std::string b);
+
+std::string decimalMul(std::string a, std::string b);
+
+std::string decimalSub(std::string a, std::string b);
+
+std::string decimalDiv(std::string a, std::string b);
+
+std::string decimalMod(std::string a, std::string b);
+
+std::string decimalModExp(std::string b, std::string e, std::string m);
+
+bool decimalGt(std::string a, std::string b, bool eqAllowed=false);
+
+unsigned decimalToUnsigned(std::string a);
+
+#define utd unsignedToDecimal
+#define dtu decimalToUnsigned
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/cmdline.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/cmdline.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe2560830
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/cmdline.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "funcs.h"
+
+int main(int argv, char** argc) {
+    if (argv == 1) {
+        std::cerr << "Must provide a command and arguments! Try parse, rewrite, compile, assemble\n";
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (argv == 2 && std::string(argc[1]) == "--help" || std::string(argc[1]) == "-h" ) {
+        std::cout << argc[1] << "\n";
+        
+        std::cout << "serpent command input\n";
+        std::cout << "where input -s for from stdin, a file, or interpreted as serpent code if does not exist as file.";
+        std::cout << "where command: \n";
+        std::cout << " parse:          Just parses and returns s-expression code.\n";
+        std::cout << " rewrite:        Parse, use rewrite rules print s-expressions of result.\n";
+        std::cout << " compile:        Return resulting compiled EVM code in hex.\n";
+        std::cout << " assemble:       Return result from step before compilation.\n";
+        return 0;
+    }
+        
+    std::string flag = "";
+    std::string command = argc[1];
+    std::string input;
+    std::string secondInput;
+    if (std::string(argc[1]) == "-s") {
+        flag = command.substr(1);
+        command = argc[2];
+        input = "";
+        std::string line;
+        while (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
+            input += line + "\n";
+        }
+        secondInput = argv == 3 ? "" : argc[3];
+    }
+    else {
+        if (argv == 2) {
+            std::cerr << "Not enough arguments for serpent cmdline\n";
+            throw(0);
+        }
+        input = argc[2];
+        secondInput = argv == 3 ? "" : argc[3];
+    }
+    bool haveSec = secondInput.length() > 0;
+    if (command == "parse" || command == "parse_serpent") {
+        std::cout << printAST(parseSerpent(input), haveSec) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "rewrite") {
+        std::cout << printAST(rewrite(parseLLL(input, true)), haveSec) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "compile_to_lll") {
+        std::cout << printAST(compileToLLL(input), haveSec) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "rewrite_chunk") {
+        std::cout << printAST(rewriteChunk(parseLLL(input, true)), haveSec) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "compile_chunk_to_lll") {
+        std::cout << printAST(compileChunkToLLL(input), haveSec) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "build_fragtree") {
+        std::cout << printAST(buildFragmentTree(parseLLL(input, true))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "compile_lll") {
+        std::cout << binToHex(compileLLL(parseLLL(input, true))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "dereference") {
+        std::cout << printAST(dereference(parseLLL(input, true)), haveSec) <<"\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "pretty_assemble") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(prettyAssemble(parseLLL(input, true))) <<"\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "pretty_compile_lll") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(prettyCompileLLL(parseLLL(input, true))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "pretty_compile") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(prettyCompile(input)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "pretty_compile_chunk") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(prettyCompileChunk(input)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "assemble") {
+        std::cout << assemble(parseLLL(input, true)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "serialize") {
+        std::cout << binToHex(serialize(tokenize(input, Metadata(), false))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "flatten") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(flatten(parseLLL(input, true))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "deserialize") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(deserialize(hexToBin(input))) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "compile") {
+        std::cout << binToHex(compile(input)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "compile_chunk") {
+        std::cout << binToHex(compileChunk(input)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "encode_datalist") {
+        std::vector<Node> tokens = tokenize(input);
+        std::vector<std::string> o;
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int)tokens.size(); i++) {
+            o.push_back(tokens[i].val);
+        }
+        std::cout << binToHex(encodeDatalist(o)) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "decode_datalist") {
+        std::vector<std::string> o = decodeDatalist(hexToBin(input));
+        std::vector<Node> tokens;
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int)o.size(); i++)
+            tokens.push_back(token(o[i]));
+        std::cout << printTokens(tokens) << "\n";
+    }
+    else if (command == "tokenize") {
+        std::cout << printTokens(tokenize(input));
+    }
+    else if (command == "biject") {
+        if (argv == 3)
+             std::cerr << "Not enough arguments for biject\n";
+        int pos = decimalToUnsigned(secondInput);
+        std::vector<Node> n = prettyCompile(input);
+        if (pos >= (int)n.size())
+             std::cerr << "Code position too high\n";
+        Metadata m = n[pos].metadata;
+        std::cout << "Opcode: " << n[pos].val << ", file: " << m.file << 
+             ", line: " << m.ln << ", char: " << m.ch << "\n";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9281dcbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,554 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "opcodes.h"
+
+struct programAux {
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> vars;
+    int nextVarMem;
+    bool allocUsed;
+    bool calldataUsed;
+    int step;
+    int labelLength;
+};
+
+struct programVerticalAux {
+    int height;
+    std::string innerScopeName;
+    std::map<std::string, int> dupvars;
+    std::map<std::string, int> funvars;
+    std::vector<mss> scopes;
+};
+
+struct programData {
+    programAux aux;
+    Node code;
+    int outs;
+};
+
+programAux Aux() {
+    programAux o;
+    o.allocUsed = false;
+    o.calldataUsed = false;
+    o.step = 0;
+    o.nextVarMem = 32;
+    return o;
+}
+
+programVerticalAux verticalAux() {
+    programVerticalAux o;
+    o.height = 0;
+    o.dupvars = std::map<std::string, int>();
+    o.funvars = std::map<std::string, int>();
+    o.scopes = std::vector<mss>();
+    return o;
+}
+
+programData pd(programAux aux = Aux(), Node code=token("_"), int outs=0) {
+    programData o;
+    o.aux = aux;
+    o.code = code;
+    o.outs = outs;
+    return o;
+}
+
+Node multiToken(Node nodes[], int len, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> out;
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        out.push_back(nodes[i]);
+    }
+    return astnode("_", out, met);
+}
+
+Node finalize(programData c);
+
+Node popwrap(Node node) {
+    Node nodelist[] = {
+        node,
+        token("POP", node.metadata)
+    };
+    return multiToken(nodelist, 2, node.metadata);
+}
+
+// Grabs variables
+mss getVariables(Node node, mss cur=mss()) {
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    // Tokens don't contain any variables
+    if (node.type == TOKEN)
+        return cur;
+    // Don't descend into call fragments
+    else if (node.val == "lll")
+        return getVariables(node.args[1], cur);
+    // At global scope get/set/ref also declare    
+    else if (node.val == "get" || node.val == "set" || node.val == "ref") {
+        if (node.args[0].type != TOKEN)
+            err("Variable name must be simple token,"
+                " not complex expression!", m);
+        if (!cur.count(node.args[0].val)) {
+            cur[node.args[0].val] = utd(cur.size() * 32 + 32);
+            //std::cerr << node.args[0].val << " " << cur[node.args[0].val] << "\n";
+        }
+    }
+    // Recursively process children
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+        cur = getVariables(node.args[i], cur);
+    }
+    return cur;
+}
+
+// Turns LLL tree into tree of code fragments
+programData opcodeify(Node node,
+                      programAux aux=Aux(),
+                      programVerticalAux vaux=verticalAux()) {
+    std::string symb = "_"+mkUniqueToken();
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    // Get variables
+    if (!aux.vars.size()) {
+        aux.vars = getVariables(node);
+        aux.nextVarMem = aux.vars.size() * 32 + 32;
+    }
+    // Numbers
+    if (node.type == TOKEN) {
+        return pd(aux, nodeToNumeric(node), 1);
+    }
+    else if (node.val == "ref" || node.val == "get" || node.val == "set") {
+        std::string varname = node.args[0].val;
+        // Determine reference to variable
+        Node varNode = tkn(aux.vars[varname], m);
+        //std::cerr << varname << " " << printSimple(varNode) << "\n";
+        // Set variable
+        if (node.val == "set") {
+            programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[1], aux, vaux);
+            if (!sub.outs)
+                err("Value to set variable must have nonzero arity!", m);
+            // What if we are setting a stack variable?
+            if (vaux.dupvars.count(node.args[0].val)) {
+                int h = vaux.height - vaux.dupvars[node.args[0].val];
+                if (h > 16) err("Too deep for stack variable (max 16)", m);
+                Node nodelist[] = {
+                    sub.code,
+                    token("SWAP"+unsignedToDecimal(h), m),
+                    token("POP", m)
+                };
+                return pd(sub.aux, multiToken(nodelist, 3, m), 0);                   
+            }
+            // Setting a memory variable
+            else {
+                Node nodelist[] = {
+                    sub.code,
+                    varNode,
+                    token("MSTORE", m),
+                };
+                return pd(sub.aux, multiToken(nodelist, 3, m), 0);                   
+            }
+        }
+        // Get variable
+        else if (node.val == "get") {
+            // Getting a stack variable
+            if (vaux.dupvars.count(node.args[0].val)) {
+                 int h = vaux.height - vaux.dupvars[node.args[0].val];
+                if (h > 16) err("Too deep for stack variable (max 16)", m);
+                return pd(aux, token("DUP"+unsignedToDecimal(h)), 1);                   
+            }
+            // Getting a memory variable
+            else {
+                Node nodelist[] = 
+                     { varNode, token("MLOAD", m) };
+                return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 2, m), 1);
+            }
+        }
+        // Refer variable
+        else if (node.val == "ref") {
+            if (vaux.dupvars.count(node.args[0].val))
+                err("Cannot ref stack variable!", m);
+            return pd(aux, varNode, 1);
+        }
+    }
+    // Comments do nothing
+    else if (node.val == "comment") {
+        Node nodelist[] = { };
+        return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 0, m), 0);
+    }
+    // Custom operation sequence
+    // eg. (ops bytez id msize swap1 msize add 0 swap1 mstore) == alloc
+    if (node.val == "ops") {
+        std::vector<Node>  subs2;
+        int depth = 0;
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+            std::string op = upperCase(node.args[i].val);
+            if (node.args[i].type == ASTNODE || opinputs(op) == -1) {
+                programVerticalAux vaux2 = vaux;
+                vaux2.height = vaux.height - i - 1 + node.args.size();
+                programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[i], aux, vaux2);
+                aux = sub.aux;
+                depth += sub.outs;
+                subs2.push_back(sub.code);
+            }
+            else {
+                subs2.push_back(token(op, m));
+                depth += opoutputs(op) - opinputs(op);
+            }
+        }
+        if (depth < 0 || depth > 1) err("Stack depth mismatch", m);
+        return pd(aux, astnode("_", subs2, m), 0);
+    }
+    // Code blocks
+    if (node.val == "lll" && node.args.size() == 2) {
+        if (node.args[1].val != "0") aux.allocUsed = true;
+        std::vector<Node> o;
+        o.push_back(finalize(opcodeify(node.args[0])));
+        programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[1], aux, vaux);
+        Node code = astnode("____CODE", o, m);
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            token("$begincode"+symb+".endcode"+symb, m), token("DUP1", m),
+            token("$begincode"+symb, m), sub.code, token("CODECOPY", m),
+            token("$endcode"+symb, m), token("JUMP", m),
+            token("~begincode"+symb, m), code, 
+            token("~endcode"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m)
+        };
+        return pd(sub.aux, multiToken(nodelist, 11, m), 1);
+    }
+    // Stack variables
+    if (node.val == "with") {
+        programData initial = opcodeify(node.args[1], aux, vaux);
+        programVerticalAux vaux2 = vaux;
+        vaux2.dupvars[node.args[0].val] = vaux.height;
+        vaux2.height += 1;
+        if (!initial.outs)
+            err("Initial variable value must have nonzero arity!", m);
+        programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[2], initial.aux, vaux2);
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            initial.code,
+            sub.code
+        };
+        programData o = pd(sub.aux, multiToken(nodelist, 2, m), sub.outs);
+        if (sub.outs)
+            o.code.args.push_back(token("SWAP1", m));
+        o.code.args.push_back(token("POP", m));
+        return o;
+    }
+    // Seq of multiple statements
+    if (node.val == "seq") {
+        std::vector<Node> children;
+        int lastOut = 0;
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+            programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[i], aux, vaux);
+            aux = sub.aux;
+            if (sub.outs == 1) {
+                if (i < node.args.size() - 1) sub.code = popwrap(sub.code);
+                else lastOut = 1;
+            }
+            children.push_back(sub.code);
+        }
+        return pd(aux, astnode("_", children, m), lastOut);
+    }
+    // 2-part conditional (if gets rewritten to unless in rewrites)
+    else if (node.val == "unless" && node.args.size() == 2) {
+        programData cond = opcodeify(node.args[0], aux, vaux);
+        programData action = opcodeify(node.args[1], cond.aux, vaux);
+        aux = action.aux;
+        if (!cond.outs) err("Condition of if/unless statement has arity 0", m);
+        if (action.outs) action.code = popwrap(action.code);
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            cond.code,
+            token("$endif"+symb, m), token("JUMPI", m),
+            action.code,
+            token("~endif"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m)
+        };
+        return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 6, m), 0);
+    }
+    // 3-part conditional
+    else if (node.val == "if" && node.args.size() == 3) {
+        programData ifd = opcodeify(node.args[0], aux, vaux);
+        programData thend = opcodeify(node.args[1], ifd.aux, vaux);
+        programData elsed = opcodeify(node.args[2], thend.aux, vaux);
+        aux = elsed.aux;
+        if (!ifd.outs)
+            err("Condition of if/unless statement has arity 0", m);
+        // Handle cases where one conditional outputs something
+        // and the other does not
+        int outs = (thend.outs && elsed.outs) ? 1 : 0;
+        if (thend.outs > outs) thend.code = popwrap(thend.code);
+        if (elsed.outs > outs) elsed.code = popwrap(elsed.code);
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            ifd.code,
+            token("ISZERO", m),
+            token("$else"+symb, m), token("JUMPI", m),
+            thend.code,
+            token("$endif"+symb, m), token("JUMP", m),
+            token("~else"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m),
+            elsed.code,
+            token("~endif"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m)
+        };
+        return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 12, m), outs);
+    }
+    // While (rewritten to this in rewrites)
+    else if (node.val == "until") {
+        programData cond = opcodeify(node.args[0], aux, vaux);
+        programData action = opcodeify(node.args[1], cond.aux, vaux);
+        aux = action.aux;
+        if (!cond.outs)
+            err("Condition of while/until loop has arity 0", m);
+        if (action.outs) action.code = popwrap(action.code);
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            token("~beg"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m),
+            cond.code,
+            token("$end"+symb, m), token("JUMPI", m),
+            action.code,
+            token("$beg"+symb, m), token("JUMP", m),
+            token("~end"+symb, m), token("JUMPDEST", m),
+        };
+        return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 10, m));
+    }
+    // Memory allocations
+    else if (node.val == "alloc") {
+        programData bytez = opcodeify(node.args[0], aux, vaux);
+        aux = bytez.aux;
+        if (!bytez.outs)
+            err("Alloc input has arity 0", m);
+        aux.allocUsed = true;
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            bytez.code,
+            token("MSIZE", m), token("SWAP1", m), token("MSIZE", m),
+            token("ADD", m), 
+            token("0", m), token("SWAP1", m), token("MSTORE", m)
+        };
+        return pd(aux, multiToken(nodelist, 8, m), 1);
+    }
+    // All other functions/operators
+    else {
+        std::vector<Node>  subs2;
+        int depth = opinputs(upperCase(node.val));
+        if (depth == -1)
+            err("Not a function or opcode: "+node.val, m);
+        if ((int)node.args.size() != depth)
+            err("Invalid arity for "+node.val, m);
+        for (int i = node.args.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            programVerticalAux vaux2 = vaux;
+            vaux2.height = vaux.height - i - 1 + node.args.size();
+            programData sub = opcodeify(node.args[i], aux, vaux2);
+            aux = sub.aux;
+            if (!sub.outs)
+                err("Input "+unsignedToDecimal(i)+" has arity 0", sub.code.metadata);
+            subs2.push_back(sub.code);
+        }
+        subs2.push_back(token(upperCase(node.val), m));
+        int outdepth = opoutputs(upperCase(node.val));
+        return pd(aux, astnode("_", subs2, m), outdepth);
+    }
+}
+
+// Adds necessary wrappers to a program
+Node finalize(programData c) {
+    std::vector<Node> bottom;
+    Metadata m = c.code.metadata;
+    // If we are using both alloc and variables, we need to pre-zfill
+    // some memory
+    if ((c.aux.allocUsed || c.aux.calldataUsed) && c.aux.vars.size() > 0) {
+        Node nodelist[] = {
+            token("0", m), 
+            token(unsignedToDecimal(c.aux.nextVarMem - 1)),
+            token("MSTORE8", m)
+        };
+        bottom.push_back(multiToken(nodelist, 3, m));
+    }
+    // The actual code
+    bottom.push_back(c.code);
+    return astnode("_", bottom, m);
+}
+
+//LLL -> code fragment tree
+Node buildFragmentTree(Node node) {
+    return finalize(opcodeify(node));
+}
+
+
+// Builds a dictionary mapping labels to variable names
+programAux buildDict(Node program, programAux aux, int labelLength) {
+    Metadata m = program.metadata;
+    // Token
+    if (program.type == TOKEN) {
+        if (isNumberLike(program)) {
+            aux.step += 1 + toByteArr(program.val, m).size();
+        }
+        else if (program.val[0] == '~') {
+            aux.vars[program.val.substr(1)] = unsignedToDecimal(aux.step);
+        }
+        else if (program.val[0] == '$') {
+            aux.step += labelLength + 1;
+        }
+        else aux.step += 1;
+    }
+    // A sub-program (ie. LLL)
+    else if (program.val == "____CODE") {
+        programAux auks = Aux();
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < program.args.size(); i++) {
+            auks = buildDict(program.args[i], auks, labelLength);
+        }
+        for (std::map<std::string,std::string>::iterator it=auks.vars.begin();
+             it != auks.vars.end();
+             it++) {
+            aux.vars[(*it).first] = (*it).second;
+        }
+        aux.step += auks.step;
+    }
+    // Normal sub-block
+    else {
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < program.args.size(); i++) {
+            aux = buildDict(program.args[i], aux, labelLength);
+        }
+    }
+    return aux;
+}
+
+// Applies that dictionary
+Node substDict(Node program, programAux aux, int labelLength) {
+    Metadata m = program.metadata;
+    std::vector<Node> out;
+    std::vector<Node> inner;
+    if (program.type == TOKEN) {
+        if (program.val[0] == '$') {
+            std::string tokStr = "PUSH"+unsignedToDecimal(labelLength);
+            out.push_back(token(tokStr, m));
+            int dotLoc = program.val.find('.');
+            if (dotLoc == -1) {
+                std::string val = aux.vars[program.val.substr(1)];
+                inner = toByteArr(val, m, labelLength);
+            }
+            else {
+                std::string start = aux.vars[program.val.substr(1, dotLoc-1)],
+                            end = aux.vars[program.val.substr(dotLoc + 1)],
+                            dist = decimalSub(end, start);
+                inner = toByteArr(dist, m, labelLength);
+            }
+            out.push_back(astnode("_", inner, m));
+        }
+        else if (program.val[0] == '~') { }
+        else if (isNumberLike(program)) {
+            inner = toByteArr(program.val, m);
+            out.push_back(token("PUSH"+unsignedToDecimal(inner.size())));
+            out.push_back(astnode("_", inner, m));
+        }
+        else return program;
+    }
+    else {
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < program.args.size(); i++) {
+            Node n = substDict(program.args[i], aux, labelLength);
+            if (n.type == TOKEN || n.args.size()) out.push_back(n);
+        }
+    }
+    return astnode("_", out, m);
+}
+
+// Compiled fragtree -> compiled fragtree without labels
+Node dereference(Node program) {
+    int sz = treeSize(program) * 4;
+    int labelLength = 1;
+    while (sz >= 256) { labelLength += 1; sz /= 256; }
+    programAux aux = buildDict(program, Aux(), labelLength);
+    return substDict(program, aux, labelLength);
+}
+
+// Dereferenced fragtree -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> flatten(Node derefed) {
+    std::vector<Node> o;
+    if (derefed.type == TOKEN) {
+        o.push_back(derefed);
+    }
+    else {
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < derefed.args.size(); i++) {
+            std::vector<Node> oprime = flatten(derefed.args[i]);
+            for (unsigned j = 0; j < oprime.size(); j++) o.push_back(oprime[j]);
+        }
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Opcodes -> bin
+std::string serialize(std::vector<Node> codons) {
+    std::string o;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < codons.size(); i++) {
+        int v;
+        if (isNumberLike(codons[i])) {
+            v = decimalToUnsigned(codons[i].val);
+        }
+        else if (codons[i].val.substr(0,4) == "PUSH") {
+            v = 95 + decimalToUnsigned(codons[i].val.substr(4));
+        }
+        else {
+            v = opcode(codons[i].val);
+        }
+        o += (char)v;
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Bin -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> deserialize(std::string ser) {
+    std::vector<Node> o;
+    int backCount = 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < ser.length(); i++) {
+        unsigned char v = (unsigned char)ser[i];
+        std::string oper = op((int)v);
+        if (oper != "" && backCount <= 0) o.push_back(token(oper));
+        else if (v >= 96 && v < 128 && backCount <= 0) {
+            o.push_back(token("PUSH"+unsignedToDecimal(v - 95)));
+        }
+        else o.push_back(token(unsignedToDecimal(v)));
+        if (v >= 96 && v < 128 && backCount <= 0) {
+            backCount = v - 95;
+        }
+        else backCount--;
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Fragtree -> bin
+std::string assemble(Node fragTree) {
+    return serialize(flatten(dereference(fragTree)));
+}
+
+// Fragtree -> tokens
+std::vector<Node> prettyAssemble(Node fragTree) {
+    return flatten(dereference(fragTree));
+}
+
+// LLL -> bin
+std::string compileLLL(Node program) {
+    return assemble(buildFragmentTree(program));
+}
+
+// LLL -> tokens
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompileLLL(Node program) {
+    return prettyAssemble(buildFragmentTree(program));
+}
+
+// Converts a list of integer values to binary transaction data
+std::string encodeDatalist(std::vector<std::string> vals) {
+    std::string o;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < vals.size(); i++) {
+        std::vector<Node> n = toByteArr(strToNumeric(vals[i]), Metadata(), 32);
+        for (unsigned j = 0; j < n.size(); j++) {
+            int v = decimalToUnsigned(n[j].val);
+            o += (char)v;
+        }
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Converts binary transaction data into a list of integer values
+std::vector<std::string> decodeDatalist(std::string ser) {
+    std::vector<std::string> out;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < ser.length(); i+= 32) {
+        std::string o = "0";
+		for (unsigned j = i; j < i + 32; j++) {
+            int vj = (int)(unsigned char)ser[j];
+            o = decimalAdd(decimalMul(o, "256"), unsignedToDecimal(vj));
+        }
+        out.push_back(o);
+    }
+    return out;
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aecaa3718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/compiler.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_COMPILER
+#define ETHSERP_COMPILER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Compiled fragtree -> compiled fragtree without labels
+Node dereference(Node program);
+
+// LLL -> fragtree
+Node buildFragmentTree(Node program);
+
+// Dereferenced fragtree -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> flatten(Node derefed);
+
+// opcodes -> bin
+std::string serialize(std::vector<Node> codons);
+
+// Fragtree -> bin
+std::string assemble(Node fragTree);
+
+// Fragtree -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> prettyAssemble(Node fragTree);
+
+// LLL -> bin
+std::string compileLLL(Node program);
+
+// LLL -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompileLLL(Node program);
+
+// bin -> opcodes
+std::vector<Node> deserialize(std::string ser);
+
+// Converts a list of integer values to binary transaction data
+std::string encodeDatalist(std::vector<std::string> vals);
+
+// Converts binary transaction data into a list of integer values
+std::vector<std::string> decodeDatalist(std::string ser);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/example.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/example.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ce2590d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/example.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <libserpent/funcs.h>
+#include <libserpent/bignum.h>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+	cout << printAST(compileToLLL(get_file_contents("examples/namecoin.se"))) << "\n";
+    cout << decimalSub("10234", "10234") << "\n";
+    cout << decimalSub("10234", "10233") << "\n";
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/collatz.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/collatz.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..148b47b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/collatz.se
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+x = msg.data[0]
+steps = 0
+
+while x > 1:
+    steps += 1
+    if (x % 2) == 0:
+        x /= 2
+    else:
+        x = 3 * x + 1
+
+return(steps)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/counterparty.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/counterparty.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..abec0d102
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/counterparty.se
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+# Ethereum forks Counterparty in 340 lines of serpent
+# Not yet tested
+
+# assets[i] = a registered asset, assets[i].holders[j] = former or current i-holder
+data assets[2^50](creator, name, calldate, callprice, dividend_paid, holders[2^50], holdersCount)
+data nextAssetId
+
+# holdersMap: holdersMap[addr][asset] = 1 if addr holds asset
+data holdersMap[2^160][2^50]
+
+# balances[x][y] = how much of y x holds
+data balances[2^160][2^50]
+
+# orders[a][b] = heap of indices to (c, d, e) 
+# = c offers to sell d units of a at a price of e units of b per 10^18 units
+# of a
+data orderbooks[2^50][2^50]
+
+# store of general order data
+data orders[2^50](seller, asset_sold, quantity, price)
+data ordersCount
+
+# data feeds
+data feeds[2^50](owner, value)
+data feedCount
+
+# heap
+data heap
+extern heap: [register, push, pop, top, size]
+
+data cfds[2^50](maker, acceptor, feed, asset, strike, leverage, min, max, maturity)
+data cfdCount
+
+data bets[2^50](maker, acceptor, feed, asset, makerstake, acceptorstake, eqtest, maturity)
+data betCount
+
+def init():
+    heap = create('heap.se')
+
+# Add units (internal method)
+def add(to, asset, value):
+    assert msg.sender == self
+    self.balances[to][asset] += value
+    # Add the holder to the holders list
+    if not self.holdersMap[to][asset]:
+        self.holdersMap[to][asset] = 1
+        c = self.assets[asset].holdersCount
+        self.assets[asset].holders[c] = to
+        self.assets[asset].holdersCount = c + 1
+
+# Register a new asset
+def register_asset(q, name, calldate, callprice): 
+    newid = self.nextAssetId
+    self.assets[newid].creator = msg.sender
+    self.assets[newid].name = name
+    self.assets[newid].calldate = calldate
+    self.assets[newid].callprice = callprice
+    self.assets[newid].holders[0] = msg.sender
+    self.assets[newid].holdersCount = 1
+    self.balances[msg.sender][newid] = q
+    self.holdersMap[msg.sender][newid] = 1
+
+# Send
+def send(to, asset, value):
+    fromval = self.balances[msg.sender][asset]
+    if fromval >= value:
+        self.balances[msg.sender][asset] -= value
+        self.add(to, asset, value)
+
+# Order
+def mkorder(selling, buying, quantity, price):
+    # Make sure you have enough to pay for the order
+    assert self.balances[msg.sender][selling] >= quantity:
+    # Try to match existing orders
+    o = orderbooks[buying][selling]
+    if not o:
+        o = self.heap.register()
+        orderbooks[selling][buying] = o
+    sz = self.heap.size(o)
+    invprice = 10^36 / price
+    while quantity > 0 and sz > 0: 
+        orderid = self.heap.pop()
+        p = self.orders[orderid].price
+        if p > invprice:
+            sz = 0
+        else:
+            q = self.orders[orderid].quantity
+            oq = min(q, quantity)
+            b = self.orders[orderid].seller
+            self.balances[msg.sender][selling] -= oq * p / 10^18
+            self.add(msg.sender, buying, oq)
+            self.add(b, selling, oq * p / 10^18)
+            self.orders[orderid].quantity = q - oq
+            if oq == q:
+                self.orders[orderid].seller = 0
+                self.orders[orderid].price = 0
+                self.orders[orderid].asset_sold = 0
+            quantity -= oq
+            sz -= 1
+    assert quantity > 0
+    # Make the order
+    c = self.ordersCount
+    self.orders[c].seller = msg.sender
+    self.orders[c].asset_sold = selling
+    self.orders[c].quantity = quantity
+    self.orders[c].price = price
+    self.ordersCount += 1
+    # Add it to the heap
+    o = orderbooks[selling][buying]
+    if not o:
+        o = self.heap.register()
+        orderbooks[selling][buying] = o
+    self.balances[msg.sender][selling] -= quantity
+    self.heap.push(o, price, c)
+    return(c)
+
+def cancel_order(id):
+    if self.orders[id].seller == msg.sender:
+        self.orders[id].seller = 0
+        self.orders[id].price = 0
+        self.balances[msg.sender][self.orders[id].asset_sold] += self.orders[id].quantity
+        self.orders[id].quantity = 0
+        self.orders[id].asset_sold = 0
+
+def register_feed():
+    c = self.feedCount
+    self.feeds[c].owner = msg.sender
+    self.feedCount = c + 1
+    return(c)
+
+def set_feed(id, v):
+    if self.feeds[id].owner == msg.sender:
+        self.feeds[id].value = v
+
+def mk_cfd_offer(feed, asset, strike, leverage, min, max, maturity):
+    b = self.balances[msg.sender][asset]
+    req = max((strike - min) * leverage, (strike - max) * leverage)
+    assert b >= req
+    self.balances[msg.sender][asset] = b - req
+    c = self.cfdCount
+    self.cfds[c].maker = msg.sender
+    self.cfds[c].feed = feed
+    self.cfds[c].asset = asset
+    self.cfds[c].strike = strike
+    self.cfds[c].leverage = leverage
+    self.cfds[c].min = min
+    self.cfds[c].max = max
+    self.cfds[c].maturity = maturity
+    self.cfdCount = c + 1
+    return(c)
+
+def accept_cfd_offer(c):
+    assert not self.cfds[c].acceptor and self.cfds[c].maker
+    asset = self.cfds[c].asset
+    strike = self.cfds[c].strike
+    min = self.cfds[c].min
+    max = self.cfds[c].max
+    leverage = self.cfds[c].leverage
+    b = self.balances[msg.sender][asset]
+    req = max((min - strike) * leverage, (max - strike) * leverage)
+    assert b >= req
+    self.balances[msg.sender][asset] = b - req
+    self.cfds[c].acceptor = msg.sender
+    self.cfds[c].maturity += block.timestamp
+
+def claim_cfd_offer(c):
+    asset = self.cfds[c].asset
+    strike = self.cfds[c].strike
+    min = self.cfds[c].min
+    max = self.cfds[c].max
+    leverage = self.cfds[c].leverage
+    v = self.feeds[self.cfds[c].feed].value
+    assert v <= min or v >= max or block.timestamp >= self.cfds[c].maturity
+    maker_req = max((strike - min) * leverage, (strike - max) * leverage)
+    acceptor_req = max((min - strike) * leverage, (max - strike) * leverage)
+    paydelta = (strike - v) * leverage
+    self.add(self.cfds[c].maker, asset, maker_req + paydelta)
+    self.add(self.cfds[c].acceptor, asset, acceptor_req - paydelta)
+    self.cfds[c].maker = 0
+    self.cfds[c].acceptor = 0
+    self.cfds[c].feed = 0
+    self.cfds[c].asset = 0
+    self.cfds[c].strike = 0
+    self.cfds[c].leverage = 0
+    self.cfds[c].min = 0
+    self.cfds[c].max = 0
+    self.cfds[c].maturity = 0
+
+def withdraw_cfd_offer(c):
+    if self.cfds[c].maker == msg.sender and not self.cfds[c].acceptor:
+        asset = self.cfds[c].asset
+        strike = self.cfds[c].strike
+        min = self.cfds[c].min
+        max = self.cfds[c].max
+        leverage = self.cfds[c].leverage
+        maker_req = max((strike - min) * leverage, (strike - max) * leverage)
+        self.balances[self.cfds[c].maker][asset] += maker_req
+        self.cfds[c].maker = 0
+        self.cfds[c].acceptor = 0
+        self.cfds[c].feed = 0
+        self.cfds[c].asset = 0
+        self.cfds[c].strike = 0
+        self.cfds[c].leverage = 0
+        self.cfds[c].min = 0
+        self.cfds[c].max = 0
+        self.cfds[c].maturity = 0
+        
+
+def mk_bet_offer(feed, asset, makerstake, acceptorstake, eqtest, maturity):
+    assert self.balances[msg.sender][asset] >= makerstake
+    c = self.betCount
+    self.bets[c].maker = msg.sender
+    self.bets[c].feed = feed
+    self.bets[c].asset = asset
+    self.bets[c].makerstake = makerstake
+    self.bets[c].acceptorstake = acceptorstake
+    self.bets[c].eqtest = eqtest
+    self.bets[c].maturity = maturity
+    self.balances[msg.sender][asset] -= makerstake
+    self.betCount = c + 1
+    return(c)
+
+def accept_bet_offer(c):
+    assert self.bets[c].maker and not self.bets[c].acceptor
+    asset = self.bets[c].asset
+    acceptorstake = self.bets[c].acceptorstake
+    assert self.balances[msg.sender][asset] >= acceptorstake
+    self.balances[msg.sender][asset] -= acceptorstake
+    self.bets[c].acceptor = msg.sender
+
+def claim_bet_offer(c):
+    assert block.timestamp >= self.bets[c].maturity
+    v = self.feeds[self.bets[c].feed].value
+    totalstake = self.bets[c].makerstake + self.bets[c].acceptorstake
+    if v == self.bets[c].eqtest:
+        self.add(self.bets[c].maker, self.bets[c].asset, totalstake)
+    else:
+        self.add(self.bets[c].acceptor, self.bets[c].asset, totalstake)
+    self.bets[c].maker = 0
+    self.bets[c].feed = 0
+    self.bets[c].asset = 0
+    self.bets[c].makerstake = 0
+    self.bets[c].acceptorstake = 0
+    self.bets[c].eqtest = 0
+    self.bets[c].maturity = 0
+
+def cancel_bet(c):
+    assert not self.bets[c].acceptor and msg.sender == self.bets[c].maker
+    self.balances[msg.sender][self.bets[c].asset] += self.bets[c].makerstake
+    self.bets[c].maker = 0
+    self.bets[c].feed = 0
+    self.bets[c].asset = 0
+    self.bets[c].makerstake = 0
+    self.bets[c].acceptorstake = 0
+    self.bets[c].eqtest = 0
+    self.bets[c].maturity = 0
+
+def dividend(holder_asset, divvying_asset, ratio):
+    i = 0
+    sz = self.assets[holder_asset].holdersCount
+    t = 0
+    holders = array(sz)
+    payments = array(sz)
+    while i < sz:
+        holders[i] = self.assets[holder_asset].holders[i]
+        payments[i] = self.balances[holders[i]][holder_asset] * ratio / 10^18
+        t += payments[i]
+        i += 1
+    if self.balances[msg.sender][divvying_asset] >= t:
+        i = 0
+        while i < sz:
+            self.add(holders[i], divvying_asset, payments[i])
+            i += 1
+        self.balances[msg.sender][divvying_asset] -= t
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/heap.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/heap.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a43a3974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/counterparty/heap.se
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+data heaps[2^50](owner, size, nodes[2^50](key, value))
+data heapIndex
+
+def register():
+    i = self.heapIndex
+    self.heaps[i].owner = msg.sender
+    self.heapIndex = i + 1
+    return(i)
+
+def push(heap, key, value):
+    assert msg.sender == self.heaps[heap].owner
+    sz = self.heaps[heap].size
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].key = key
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].value = value
+    k = sz + 1
+    while k > 1:
+        bottom = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].key
+        top = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k/2].key
+        if bottom < top:
+            tvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k/2].value
+            bvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].value
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].key = top
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].value = tvalue
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k/2].key = bottom
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k/2].value = bvalue
+            k /= 2
+        else:
+            k = 0
+    self.heaps[heap].size = sz + 1
+
+def pop(heap):
+    sz = self.heaps[heap].size
+    assert sz
+    prevtop = self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].value
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].key = self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].key
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].value = self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].value
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].key = 0
+    self.heaps[heap].nodes[sz].value = 0
+    top = self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].key
+    k = 1
+    while k * 2 < sz:
+        bottom1 = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2].key
+        bottom2 = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2 + 1].key
+        if bottom1 < top and (bottom1 < bottom2 or k * 2 + 1 >= sz):
+            tvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].value
+            bvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2].value
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].key = bottom1
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].value = bvalue
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2].key = top
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2].value = tvalue
+            k = k * 2
+        elif bottom2 < top and bottom2 < bottom1 and k * 2 + 1 < sz:
+            tvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].value
+            bvalue = self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2 + 1].value
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].key = bottom2
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k].value = bvalue
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2 + 1].key = top
+            self.heaps[heap].nodes[k * 2 + 1].value = tvalue
+            k = k * 2 + 1
+        else:
+            k = sz
+    self.heaps[heap].size = sz - 1
+    return(prevtop)
+
+def top(heap):
+    return(self.heaps[heap].nodes[1].value)
+
+def size(heap):
+    return(self.heaps[heap].size)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/crowdfund.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/crowdfund.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9fd1e0643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/crowdfund.se
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+data campaigns[2^80](recipient, goal, deadline, contrib_total, contrib_count, contribs[2^50](sender, value))
+
+def create_campaign(id, recipient, goal, timelimit):
+    if self.campaigns[id].recipient:
+        return(0)
+    self.campaigns[id].recipient = recipient
+    self.campaigns[id].goal = goal
+    self.campaigns[id].deadline = block.timestamp + timelimit
+
+def contribute(id):
+    # Update contribution total
+    total_contributed = self.campaigns[id].contrib_total + msg.value
+    self.campaigns[id].contrib_total = total_contributed
+
+    # Record new contribution
+    sub_index = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count
+    self.campaigns[id].contribs[sub_index].sender = msg.sender
+    self.campaigns[id].contribs[sub_index].value = msg.value
+    self.campaigns[id].contrib_count = sub_index + 1
+
+    # Enough funding?
+    if total_contributed >= self.campaigns[id].goal:
+        send(self.campaigns[id].recipient, total_contributed)
+        self.clear(id)
+        return(1)
+
+    # Expired?
+    if block.timestamp > self.campaigns[id].deadline:
+        i = 0
+        c = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count
+        while i < c:
+            send(self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].sender, self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].value)
+            i += 1
+        self.clear(id)
+        return(2)
+
+def progress_report(id):
+    return(self.campaigns[id].contrib_total)
+
+# Clearing function for internal use
+def clear(id):
+    if self == msg.sender:
+        self.campaigns[id].recipient = 0
+        self.campaigns[id].goal = 0
+        self.campaigns[id].deadline = 0
+        c = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count
+        self.campaigns[id].contrib_count = 0
+        self.campaigns[id].contrib_total = 0
+        i = 0
+        while i < c:
+            self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].sender = 0
+            self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].value = 0
+            i += 1
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/futarchy.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/futarchy.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d68622ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/futarchy.se
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# 0: current epoch
+# 1: number of proposals
+# 2: master currency
+# 3: last winning market
+# 4: last txid
+# 5: long-term ema currency units purchased
+# 6: last block when currency units purchased
+# 7: ether allocated to last round
+# 8: last block when currency units claimed
+# 9: ether allocated to current round
+# 1000+: [proposal address, market ID, totprice, totvolume]
+
+init:
+    # We technically have two levels of epoch here. We have
+    # one epoch of 1000, to synchronize with the 1000 epoch
+    # of the market, and then 100 of those epochs make a
+    # meta-epoch (I'll nominate the term "seculum") over
+    # which the futarchy protocol will take place
+    contract.storage[0] = block.number / 1000
+    # The master currency of the futarchy. The futarchy will
+    # assign currency units to whoever the prediction market
+    # thinks will best increase the currency's value
+    master_currency = create('subcurrency.se')
+    contract.storage[2] = master_currency
+code:
+    curepoch = block.number / 1000
+    prevepoch = contract.storage[0]
+    if curepoch > prevepoch:
+        if (curepoch % 100) > 50:
+            # Collect price data
+            # We take an average over 50 subepochs to determine
+            # the price of each asset, weighting by volume to
+            # prevent abuse
+            contract.storage[0] = curepoch
+            i = 0
+            numprop = contract.storage[1]
+            while i < numprop:
+                market = contract.storage[1001 + i * 4]
+                price = call(market, 2)
+                volume = call(market, 3)
+                contract.storage[1002 + i * 4] += price
+                contract.storage[1003 + i * 4] += volume * price
+                i += 1
+        if (curepoch / 100) > (prevepoch / 100):
+            # If we are entering a new seculum, we determine the
+            # market with the highest total average price
+            best = 0
+            bestmarket = 0
+            besti = 0
+            i = 0
+            while i < numprop:
+                curtotprice = contract.storage[1002 + i * 4]
+                curvolume = contract.storage[1002 + i * 4]
+                curavgprice = curtotprice / curvolume
+                if curavgprice > best:
+                    best = curavgprice
+                    besti = i
+                    bestmarket = contract.storage[1003 + i * 4]
+                i += 1
+            # Reset the number of proposals to 0
+            contract.storage[1] = 0
+            # Reward the highest proposal
+            call(contract.storage[2], [best, 10^9, 0], 3)
+            # Record the winning market so we can later appropriately
+            # compensate the participants
+            contract.storage[2] = bestmarket
+            # The amount of ether allocated to the last round
+            contract.storage[7] = contract.storage[9]
+            # The amount of ether allocated to the next round
+            contract.storage[9] = contract.balance / 2
+    # Make a proposal [0, address]
+    if msg.data[0] == 0 and curepoch % 100 < 50:
+        pid = contract.storage[1]
+        market = create('market.se')
+        c1 = create('subcurrency.se')
+        c2 = create('subcurrency.se')
+        call(market,  [c1, c2], 2)
+        contract.storage[1000 + pid * 4] = msg.data[1]
+        contract.storage[1001 + pid * 4] = market
+        contract.storage[1] += 1        
+    # Claim ether [1, address]
+    # One unit of the first currency in the last round's winning
+    # market entitles you to a quantity of ether that was decided
+    # at the start of that epoch
+    elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+        first_subcurrency = call(contract.storage[2], 3)
+        # We ask the first subcurrency contract what the last transaction was. The
+        # way to make a claim is to send the amount of first currency units that
+        # you wish to claim with, and then immediately call this contract. For security
+        # it makes sense to set up a tx which sends both messages in sequence atomically
+        data = call(first_subcurrency, [], 0, 4)
+        from = data[0]
+        to = data[1]
+        value = data[2]
+        txid = data[3]
+        if txid > contract.storage[4] and to == contract.address:
+            send(to, contract.storage[7] * value / 10^9)
+            contract.storage[4] = txid
+    # Claim second currency [2, address]
+    # One unit of the second currency in the last round's winning
+    # market entitles you to one unit of the futarchy's master
+    # currency
+    elif msg.data[0] == 2:
+        second_subcurrency = call(contract.storage[2], 3)
+        data = call(first_subcurrency, [], 0, 4)
+        from = data[0]
+        to = data[1]
+        value = data[2]
+        txid = data[3]
+        if txid > contract.storage[4] and to == contract.address:
+            call(contract.storage[2], [to, value], 2)
+            contract.storage[4] = txid
+    # Purchase currency for ether (target releasing 10^9 units per seculum)
+    # Price starts off 1 eth for 10^9 units but increases hyperbolically to
+    # limit issuance
+    elif msg.data[0] == 3:
+        pre_ema = contract.storage[5]
+        post_ema = pre_ema + msg.value
+        pre_reserve = 10^18 / (10^9 + pre_ema / 10^9)
+        post_reserve = 10^18 / (10^9 + post_ema / 10^9)
+        call(contract.storage[2], [msg.sender, pre_reserve - post_reserve], 2)
+        last_sold = contract.storage[6]
+        contract.storage[5] = pre_ema * (100000 + last_sold - block.number) + msg.value
+        contract.storage[6] = block.number
+    # Claim all currencies as the ether miner of the current block
+    elif msg.data[0] == 2 and msg.sender == block.coinbase and block.number > contract.storage[8]:
+        i = 0
+        numproposals = contract.storage[1]
+        while i < numproposals:
+            market = contract.storage[1001 + i * 3]
+            fc = call(market, 4)
+            sc = call(market, 5)
+            call(fc, [msg.sender, 1000], 2)
+            call(sc, [msg.sender, 1000], 2)
+            i += 1
+        contract.storage[8] = block.number
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/heap.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/heap.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1bc442e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/heap.se
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# 0: size
+# 1-n: elements
+
+init:
+    contract.storage[1000] = msg.sender
+code:
+    # Only owner of the heap is allowed to modify it
+    if contract.storage[1000] != msg.sender:
+        stop
+    # push
+    if msg.data[0] == 0:
+        sz = contract.storage[0]
+        contract.storage[sz + 1] = msg.data[1]
+        k = sz + 1
+        while k > 1:
+            bottom = contract.storage[k]
+            top = contract.storage[k/2]
+            if bottom < top:
+                contract.storage[k] = top
+                contract.storage[k/2] = bottom
+                k /= 2
+            else:
+                k = 0
+        contract.storage[0] = sz + 1
+    # pop
+    elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+        sz = contract.storage[0]
+        if !sz:
+            return(0)
+        prevtop = contract.storage[1]
+        contract.storage[1] = contract.storage[sz]
+        contract.storage[sz] = 0
+        top = contract.storage[1]
+        k = 1
+        while k * 2 < sz:
+            bottom1 = contract.storage[k * 2]
+            bottom2 = contract.storage[k * 2 + 1]
+            if bottom1 < top and (bottom1 < bottom2 or k * 2 + 1 >= sz):
+                contract.storage[k] = bottom1
+                contract.storage[k * 2] = top
+                k = k * 2
+            elif bottom2 < top and bottom2 < bottom1 and k * 2 + 1 < sz:
+                contract.storage[k] = bottom2
+                contract.storage[k * 2 + 1] = top
+                k = k * 2 + 1
+            else:
+                k = sz
+        contract.storage[0] = sz - 1
+        return(prevtop)
+    # top
+    elif msg.data[0] == 2:
+        return(contract.storage[1])
+    # size
+    elif msg.data[0] == 3:
+        return(contract.storage[0])
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/market.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/market.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2303a0b60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/market.se
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# Creates a decentralized market between any two subcurrencies
+
+# Here, the first subcurrency is the base asset and the second
+# subcurrency is the asset priced against the base asset. Hence,
+# "buying" refers to trading the first for the second, and
+# "selling" refers to trading the second for the first
+
+# storage 0: buy orders
+# storage 1: sell orders
+# storage 1000: first subcurrency
+# storage 1001: last first subcurrency txid
+# storage 2000: second subcurrency
+# storage 2001: last second subcurrency txid
+# storage 3000: current epoch
+# storage 4000: price
+# storage 4001: volume
+
+init:
+    # Heap for buy orders
+    contract.storage[0] = create('heap.se')
+    # Heap for sell orders
+    contract.storage[1] = create('heap.se')
+code:
+    # Initialize with [ first_subcurrency, second_subcurrency ]
+    if !contract.storage[1000]:
+        contract.storage[1000] = msg.data[0] # First subcurrency
+        contract.storage[1001] = -1
+        contract.storage[2000] = msg.data[1] # Second subcurrency
+        contract.storage[2001] = -1
+        contract.storage[3000] = block.number / 1000
+        stop
+    first_subcurrency = contract.storage[1000]
+    second_subcurrency = contract.storage[2000]
+    buy_heap = contract.storage[0]
+    sell_heap = contract.storage[1]
+    # This contract operates in "epochs" of 100 blocks
+    # At the end of each epoch, we process all orders
+    # simultaneously, independent of order. This algorithm
+    # prevents front-running, and generates a profit from
+    # the spread. The profit is permanently kept in the
+    # market (ie. destroyed), making both subcurrencies
+    # more valuable
+    
+    # Epoch transition code
+    if contract.storage[3000] < block.number / 100:
+        done = 0
+        volume = 0
+        while !done:
+            # Grab the top buy and sell order from each heap
+            topbuy = call(buy_heap, 1)
+            topsell = call(sell_heap, 1)
+            # An order is recorded in the heap as:
+            # Buys: (2^48 - 1 - price) * 2^208 + units of first currency * 2^160 + from
+            # Sells: price * 2^208 + units of second currency * 2^160 + from
+            buyprice = -(topbuy / 2^208)
+            buyfcvalue = (topbuy / 2^160) % 2^48
+            buyer = topbuy % 2^160
+            sellprice = topsell / 2^208
+            sellscvalue = (topsell / 2^160) % 2^48
+            seller = topsell % 2^160
+            # Heap empty, or no more matching orders
+            if not topbuy or not topsell or buyprice < sellprice:
+                done = 1
+            else:
+                # Add to volume counter
+                volume += buyfcvalue
+                # Calculate how much of the second currency the buyer gets, and
+                # how much of the first currency the seller gets
+                sellfcvalue = sellscvalue / buyprice
+                buyscvalue = buyfcvalue * sellprice
+                # Send the currency units along
+                call(second_subcurrency, [buyer, buyscvalue], 2)
+                call(first_subcurrency, [seller, sellfcvalue], 2)
+        if volume:
+            contract.storage[4000] = (buyprice + sellprice) / 2
+        contract.storage[4001] = volume
+        contract.storage[3000] = block.number / 100
+    # Make buy order [0, price]
+    if msg.data[0] == 0:
+        # We ask the first subcurrency contract what the last transaction was. The
+        # way to make a buy order is to send the amount of first currency units that
+        # you wish to buy with, and then immediately call this contract. For security
+        # it makes sense to set up a tx which sends both messages in sequence atomically
+        data = call(first_subcurrency, [], 0, 4)
+        from = data[0]
+        to = data[1]
+        value = data[2]
+        txid = data[3]
+        price = msg.data[1]
+        if txid > contract.storage[1001] and to == contract.address:
+            contract.storage[1001] = txid
+            # Adds the order to the heap
+            call(buy_heap, [0, -price * 2^208 + (value % 2^48) * 2^160 + from], 2) 
+    # Make sell order [1, price]
+    elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+        # Same mechanics as buying
+        data = call(second_subcurrency, [], 0, 4)
+        from = data[0]
+        to = data[1]
+        value = data[2]
+        txid = data[3]
+        price = msg.data[1]
+        if txid > contract.storage[2001] and to == contract.address:
+            contract.storage[2001] = txid
+            call(sell_heap, [0, price * 2^208 + (value % 2^48) * 2^160 + from], 2) 
+    # Ask for price
+    elif msg.data[0] == 2:
+        return(contract.storage[4000])
+    # Ask for volume
+    elif msg.data[0] == 3:
+        return(contract.storage[1000])
+    # Ask for first currency
+    elif msg.data[0] == 4:
+        return(contract.storage[2000])
+    # Ask for second currency
+    elif msg.data[0] == 5:
+        return(contract.storage[4001])
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/subcurrency.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/subcurrency.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1501beff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/subcurrency.se
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# Initialization
+# Admin can issue and delete at will
+init:
+    contract.storage[0] = msg.sender
+code:
+    # If a message with one item is sent, that's a balance query
+    if msg.datasize == 1:
+        addr = msg.data[0]
+        return(contract.storage[addr])
+    # If a message with two items [to, value] are sent, that's a transfer request
+    elif msg.datasize == 2:
+        from = msg.sender
+        fromvalue = contract.storage[from]
+        to = msg.data[0]
+        value = msg.data[1]
+        if fromvalue >= value and value > 0 and to > 4:
+            contract.storage[from] = fromvalue - value
+            contract.storage[to] += value
+            contract.storage[2] = from
+            contract.storage[3] = to
+            contract.storage[4] = value
+            contract.storage[5] += 1
+            return(1)
+        return(0)
+    elif msg.datasize == 3 and msg.sender == contract.storage[0]:
+        # Admin can issue at will by sending a [to, value, 0] message
+        if msg.data[2] == 0:
+            contract.storage[msg.data[0]] += msg.data[1]
+        # Change admin [ newadmin, 0, 1 ]
+        # Set admin to 0 to disable administration
+        elif msg.data[2] == 1:
+            contract.storage[0] = msg.data[0]
+    # Fetch last transaction
+    else:
+        return([contract.storage[2], contract.storage[3], contract.storage[4], contract.storage[5]], 4)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/test.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..301a4a845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/cyberdyne/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+import pyethereum
+t = pyethereum.tester
+s = t.state()
+# Create currencies
+c1 = s.contract('subcurrency.se')
+print("First currency: %s" % c1)
+c2 = s.contract('subcurrency.se')
+print("First currency: %s" % c2)
+# Allocate units
+s.send(t.k0, c1, 0, [t.a0, 1000, 0])
+s.send(t.k0, c1, 0, [t.a1, 1000, 0])
+s.send(t.k0, c2, 0, [t.a2, 1000000, 0])
+s.send(t.k0, c2, 0, [t.a3, 1000000, 0])
+print("Allocated units")
+# Market
+m = s.contract('market.se')
+s.send(t.k0, m, 0, [c1, c2])
+# Place orders
+s.send(t.k0, c1, 0, [m, 1000])
+s.send(t.k0, m, 0, [0, 1200])
+s.send(t.k1, c1, 0, [m, 1000])
+s.send(t.k1, m, 0, [0, 1400])
+s.send(t.k2, c2, 0, [m, 1000000])
+s.send(t.k2, m, 0, [1, 800])
+s.send(t.k3, c2, 0, [m, 1000000])
+s.send(t.k3, m, 0, [1, 600])
+print("Orders placed")
+# Next epoch and ping
+s.mine(100)
+print("Mined 100")
+s.send(t.k0, m, 0, [])
+print("Updating")
+# Check
+assert s.send(t.k0, c2, 0, [t.a0]) == [800000]
+assert s.send(t.k0, c2, 0, [t.a1]) == [600000]
+assert s.send(t.k0, c1, 0, [t.a2]) == [833]
+assert s.send(t.k0, c1, 0, [t.a3]) == [714]
+print("Balance checks passed")
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/datafeed.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/datafeed.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c4a56de8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/datafeed.se
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Database updateable only by the original creator
+data creator
+
+def init():
+    self.creator = msg.sender
+
+def update(k, v):
+    if msg.sender == self.creator:
+        self.storage[k] = v
+
+def query(k):
+    return(self.storage[k])
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce28f58c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover.se
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# So I looked up on Wikipedia what Jacobian form actually is, and noticed that it's 
+# actually a rather different and more clever construction than the naive version
+# that I created. It may possible to achieve a further 20-50% savings by applying 
+# that version.
+
+extern all: [call]
+
+data JORDANMUL
+data JORDANADD
+data EXP
+
+def init():
+    self.JORDANMUL = create('jacobian_mul.se')
+    self.JORDANADD = create('jacobian_add.se')
+    self.EXP = create('modexp.se')
+
+def call(h, v, r, s):
+    N = -432420386565659656852420866394968145599
+    P = -4294968273
+    h = mod(h, N)
+    r = mod(r, P)
+    s = mod(s, N)
+    Gx = 55066263022277343669578718895168534326250603453777594175500187360389116729240
+    Gy = 32670510020758816978083085130507043184471273380659243275938904335757337482424
+    x = r
+    xcubed = mulmod(mulmod(x, x, P), x, P)
+    beta = self.EXP.call(addmod(xcubed, 7, P), div(P + 1, 4), P)
+    
+    # Static-gascost ghetto conditional
+    y_is_positive = mod(v, 2) xor mod(beta, 2)
+    y = beta * y_is_positive + (P - beta) * (1 - y_is_positive)
+    
+    GZ = self.JORDANMUL.call(Gx, 1, Gy, 1, N - h, outsz=4)
+    XY = self.JORDANMUL.call(x, 1, y, 1, s, outsz=4)
+    COMB = self.JORDANADD.call(GZ[0], GZ[1], GZ[2], GZ[3], XY[0], XY[1], XY[2], XY[3], 1, outsz=5)
+    COMB[4] = self.EXP.call(r, N - 2, N)
+    Q = self.JORDANMUL.call(data=COMB, datasz=5, outsz=4)
+    ox = mulmod(Q[0], self.EXP.call(Q[1], P - 2, P), P)
+    oy = mulmod(Q[2], self.EXP.call(Q[3], P - 2, P), P)
+    return([ox, oy], 2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover_compiled.evm b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover_compiled.evm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f575fe70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/ecrecover_compiled.evm
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_add.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_add.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29dc390b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_add.se
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+extern all: [call]
+data DOUBLE
+
+def init():
+    self.DOUBLE = create('jacobian_double.se')
+
+def call(axn, axd, ayn, ayd, bxn, bxd, byn, byd):
+    if !axn and !ayn:
+        o = [bxn, bxd, byn, byd]
+    if !bxn and !byn:
+        o = [axn, axd, ayn, ayd]
+    if o:
+        return(o, 4)
+    with P = -4294968273:
+        if addmod(mulmod(axn, bxd, P), P - mulmod(axd, bxn, P), P) == 0:
+            if addmod(mulmod(ayn, byd, P), P - mulmod(ayd, byn, P), P) == 0:
+                return(self.DOUBLE.call(axn, axd, ayn, ayd, outsz=4), 4)
+            else:
+                return([0, 1, 0, 1], 4)
+        with mn = mulmod(addmod(mulmod(byn, ayd, P), P - mulmod(ayn, byd, P), P), mulmod(bxd, axd, P), P):
+            with md = mulmod(mulmod(byd, ayd, P), addmod(mulmod(bxn, axd, P), P - mulmod(axn, bxd, P), P), P):
+                with msqn = mulmod(mn, mn, P):
+                    with msqd = mulmod(md, md, P):
+                        with msqman = addmod(mulmod(msqn, axd, P), P - mulmod(msqd, axn, P), P):
+                            with msqmad = mulmod(msqd, axd, P):
+                                with xn = addmod(mulmod(msqman, bxd, P), P - mulmod(msqmad, bxn, P), P):
+                                    with xd = mulmod(msqmad, bxd, P):
+                                        with mamxn = mulmod(mn, addmod(mulmod(axn, xd, P), P - mulmod(xn, axd, P), P), P):
+                                            with mamxd = mulmod(md, mulmod(axd, xd, P), P):
+                                                with yn = addmod(mulmod(mamxn, ayd, P), P - mulmod(mamxd, ayn, P), P):
+                                                    with yd = mulmod(mamxd, ayd, P):
+                                                        return([xn, xd, yn, yd], 4)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_double.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_double.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b7d8221a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_double.se
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+def call(axn, axd, ayn, ayd):
+    if !axn and !ayn:
+        return([0, 1, 0, 1], 4)
+    with P = -4294968273:
+        # No need to add (A, 1) because A = 0 for bitcoin
+        with mn = mulmod(mulmod(mulmod(axn, axn, P), 3, P), ayd, P):
+            with md = mulmod(mulmod(axd, axd, P), mulmod(ayn, 2, P), P):
+                with msqn = mulmod(mn, mn, P):
+                    with msqd = mulmod(md, md, P):
+                        with xn = addmod(mulmod(msqn, axd, P), P - mulmod(msqd, mulmod(axn, 2, P), P), P):
+                            with xd = mulmod(msqd, axd, P):
+                                with mamxn = mulmod(addmod(mulmod(axn, xd, P), P - mulmod(axd, xn, P), P), mn, P):
+                                    with mamxd = mulmod(mulmod(axd, xd, P), md, P):
+                                        with yn = addmod(mulmod(mamxn, ayd, P), P - mulmod(mamxd, ayn, P), P):
+                                            with yd = mulmod(mamxd, ayd, P):
+                                                return([xn, xd, yn, yd], 4)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_mul.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_mul.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf5b96bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/jacobian_mul.se
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Expected gas cost
+#
+# def expect(n, point_at_infinity=False):
+#     n = n % (2**256 - 432420386565659656852420866394968145599)
+#     if point_at_infinity:
+#         return 79
+#     if n == 0:
+#         return 34479
+#     L = int(1 + math.log(n) / math.log(2))
+#     H = len([x for x in b.encode(n, 2) if x == '1'])
+#     return 34221 + 94 * L + 343 * H
+
+data DOUBLE
+data ADD
+
+def init():
+    self.DOUBLE = create('jacobian_double.se')
+    self.ADD = create('jacobian_add.se')
+
+def call(axn, axd, ayn, ayd, n):
+    n = mod(n, -432420386565659656852420866394968145599)
+    if !axn * !ayn + !n: # Constant-gas version of !axn and !ayn or !n
+        return([0, 1, 0, 1], 4)
+    with o = [0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]:
+        with b = 2 ^ 255:
+            while gt(b, 0):
+                if n & b:
+                    ~call(20000, self.DOUBLE, 0, o + 31, 129, o + 32, 128)
+                    o[5] = axn
+                    o[6] = axd
+                    o[7] = ayn
+                    o[8] = ayd
+                    ~call(20000, self.ADD, 0, o + 31, 257, o + 32, 128)
+                else:
+                    ~call(20000, self.DOUBLE, 0, o + 31, 129, o + 32, 128)
+                b = div(b, 2)
+            return(o + 32, 4)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/modexp.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/modexp.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..687b12a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/modexp.se
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+def call(b, e, m):
+    with o = 1:
+        with bit = 2 ^ 255:
+            while gt(bit, 0):
+                # A touch of loop unrolling for 20% efficiency gain
+                o = mulmod(mulmod(o, o, m), b ^ !(!(e & bit)), m)
+                o = mulmod(mulmod(o, o, m), b ^ !(!(e & div(bit, 2))), m)
+                o = mulmod(mulmod(o, o, m), b ^ !(!(e & div(bit, 4))), m)
+                o = mulmod(mulmod(o, o, m), b ^ !(!(e & div(bit, 8))), m)
+                bit = div(bit, 16)
+            return(o)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/substitutes.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/substitutes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0007da0cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/substitutes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import bitcoin as b
+import math
+import sys
+
+
+def signed(o):
+    return map(lambda x: x - 2**256 if x >= 2**255 else x, o)
+
+
+def hamming_weight(n):
+    return len([x for x in b.encode(n, 2) if x == '1'])
+
+
+def binary_length(n):
+    return len(b.encode(n, 2))
+
+
+def jacobian_mul_substitute(A, B, C, D, N):
+    if A == 0 and C == 0 or (N % b.N) == 0:
+        return {"gas": 86, "output": [0, 1, 0, 1]}
+    else:
+        output = b.jordan_multiply(((A, B), (C, D)), N)
+        return {
+            "gas": 35262 + 95 * binary_length(N % b.N) + 355 * hamming_weight(N % b.N),
+            "output": signed(list(output[0]) + list(output[1]))
+        }
+
+
+def jacobian_add_substitute(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H):
+    if A == 0 or E == 0:
+        gas = 149
+    elif (A * F - B * E) % b.P == 0:
+        if (C * H - D * G) % b.P == 0:
+            gas = 442
+        else:
+            gas = 177
+    else:
+        gas = 301
+    output = b.jordan_add(((A, B), (C, D)), ((E, F), (G, H)))
+    return {
+        "gas": gas,
+        "output": signed(list(output[0]) + list(output[1]))
+    }
+
+
+def modexp_substitute(base, exp, mod):
+    return {
+        "gas": 5150,
+        "output": signed([pow(base, exp, mod) if mod > 0 else 0])
+    }
+
+
+def ecrecover_substitute(z, v, r, s):
+    P, A, B, N, Gx, Gy = b.P, b.A, b.B, b.N, b.Gx, b.Gy
+    x = r
+    beta = pow(x*x*x+A*x+B, (P + 1) / 4, P)
+    BETA_PREMIUM = modexp_substitute(x, (P + 1) / 4, P)["gas"]
+    y = beta if v % 2 ^ beta % 2 else (P - beta)
+    Gz = b.jordan_multiply(((Gx, 1), (Gy, 1)), (N - z) % N)
+    GZ_PREMIUM = jacobian_mul_substitute(Gx, 1, Gy, 1, (N - z) % N)["gas"]
+    XY = b.jordan_multiply(((x, 1), (y, 1)), s)
+    XY_PREMIUM = jacobian_mul_substitute(x, 1, y, 1, s % N)["gas"]
+    Qr = b.jordan_add(Gz, XY)
+    QR_PREMIUM = jacobian_add_substitute(Gz[0][0], Gz[0][1], Gz[1][0], Gz[1][1],
+                                         XY[0][0], XY[0][1], XY[1][0], XY[1][1]
+                                         )["gas"]
+    Q = b.jordan_multiply(Qr, pow(r, N - 2, N))
+    Q_PREMIUM = jacobian_mul_substitute(Qr[0][0], Qr[0][1], Qr[1][0], Qr[1][1],
+                                        pow(r, N - 2, N))["gas"]
+    R_PREMIUM = modexp_substitute(r, N - 2, N)["gas"]
+    OX_PREMIUM = modexp_substitute(Q[0][1], P - 2, P)["gas"]
+    OY_PREMIUM = modexp_substitute(Q[1][1], P - 2, P)["gas"]
+    Q = b.from_jordan(Q)
+    return {
+        "gas": 991 + BETA_PREMIUM + GZ_PREMIUM + XY_PREMIUM + QR_PREMIUM +
+        Q_PREMIUM + R_PREMIUM + OX_PREMIUM + OY_PREMIUM,
+        "output": signed(Q)
+    }
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/test.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48d21e32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/ecc/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+import bitcoin as b
+import random
+import sys
+import math
+from pyethereum import tester as t
+import substitutes
+import time
+
+vals = [random.randrange(2**256) for i in range(12)]
+
+test_points = [list(p[0]) + list(p[1]) for p in
+               [b.jordan_multiply(((b.Gx, 1), (b.Gy, 1)), r) for r in vals]]
+
+G = [b.Gx, 1, b.Gy, 1]
+Z = [0, 1, 0, 1]
+
+
+def neg_point(p):
+    return [p[0], b.P - p[1], p[2], b.P - p[3]]
+
+s = t.state()
+s.block.gas_limit = 10000000
+t.gas_limit = 1000000
+
+
+c = s.contract('modexp.se')
+print "Starting modexp tests"
+
+for i in range(0, len(vals) - 2, 3):
+    o1 = substitutes.modexp_substitute(vals[i], vals[i+1], vals[i+2])
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=vals[i:i+3])
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+c = s.contract('jacobian_add.se')
+print "Starting addition tests"
+
+for i in range(2):
+    P = test_points[i * 2]
+    Q = test_points[i * 2 + 1]
+    NP = neg_point(P)
+
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_add_substitute(*(P + Q))
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=P + Q)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_add_substitute(*(P + NP))
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=P + NP)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_add_substitute(*(P + P))
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=P + P)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_add_substitute(*(P + Z))
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=P + Z)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_add_substitute(*(Z + P))
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=Z + P)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2)
+
+
+c = s.contract('jacobian_mul.se')
+print "Starting multiplication tests"
+
+
+mul_tests = [
+    Z + [0],
+    Z + [vals[0]],
+    test_points[0] + [0],
+    test_points[1] + [b.N],
+    test_points[2] + [1],
+    test_points[2] + [2],
+    test_points[2] + [3],
+    test_points[2] + [4],
+    test_points[3] + [5],
+    test_points[3] + [6],
+    test_points[4] + [7],
+    test_points[4] + [2**254],
+    test_points[4] + [vals[1]],
+    test_points[4] + [vals[2]],
+    test_points[4] + [vals[3]],
+    test_points[5] + [2**256 - 1],
+]
+
+for i, test in enumerate(mul_tests):
+    print 'trying mul_test %i' % i, test
+    o1 = substitutes.jacobian_mul_substitute(*test)
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=test)
+    # assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2, test)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2, test)
+
+c = s.contract('ecrecover.se')
+print "Starting ecrecover tests"
+
+for i in range(5):
+    print 'trying ecrecover_test', vals[i*2], vals[i*2+1]
+    k = vals[i*2]
+    h = vals[i*2+1]
+    V, R, S = b.ecdsa_raw_sign(b.encode(h, 256, 32), k)
+    aa = time.time()
+    o1 = substitutes.ecrecover_substitute(h, V, R, S)
+    print 'sub', time.time() - aa
+    a = time.time()
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=[h, V, R, S])
+    print time.time() - a
+    # assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2, h, V, R, S)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2, h, V, R, S)
+
+# Explicit tests
+
+data = [[
+    0xf007a9c78a4b2213220adaaf50c89a49d533fbefe09d52bbf9b0da55b0b90b60,
+    0x1b,
+    0x5228fc9e2fabfe470c32f459f4dc17ef6a0a81026e57e4d61abc3bc268fc92b5,
+    0x697d4221cd7bc5943b482173de95d3114b9f54c5f37cc7f02c6910c6dd8bd107
+]]
+
+for datum in data:
+    o1 = substitutes.ecrecover_substitute(*datum)
+    o2 = s.profile(t.k0, c, 0, funid=0, abi=datum)
+    #assert o1["gas"] == o2["gas"], (o1, o2, datum)
+    assert o1["output"] == o2["output"], (o1, o2, datum)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/channel.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/channel.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..733f4a95b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/channel.se
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+if msg.data[0] == 0:
+    new_id = contract.storage[-1]
+    # store [from, to, value, maxvalue, timeout] in contract storage
+    contract.storage[new_id] = msg.sender
+    contract.storage[new_id + 1] = msg.data[1]
+    contract.storage[new_id + 2] = 0
+    contract.storage[new_id + 3] = msg.value
+    contract.storage[new_id + 4] = 2^254
+    # increment next id
+    contract.storage[-1] = new_id + 10
+    # return id of this channel
+    return(new_id)
+
+# Increase payment on channel: [1, id, value, v, r, s]
+elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+    # Ecrecover native extension; will be a different address in testnet and live
+    ecrecover = 0x46a8d0b21b1336d83b06829f568d7450df36883f
+    # Message data parameters
+    id = msg.data[1] % 2^160
+    value = msg.data[2]
+    # Determine sender from signature
+    h = sha3([id, value], 2)
+    sender = call(ecrecover, [h, msg.data[3], msg.data[4], msg.data[5]], 4)
+    # Check sender matches and new value is greater than old
+    if sender == contract.storage[id]:
+        if value > contract.storage[id + 2] and value <= contract.storage[id + 3]:
+            # Update channel, increasing value and setting timeout
+            contract.storage[id + 2] = value
+            contract.storage[id + 4] = block.number + 1000
+
+# Cash out channel: [2, id]
+elif msg.data[0] == 2:
+    id = msg.data[1] % 2^160
+    # Check if timeout has run out
+    if block.number >= contract.storage[id + 3]:
+        # Send funds
+        send(contract.storage[id + 1], contract.storage[id + 2])
+        # Send refund
+        send(contract.storage[id], contract.storage[id + 3] - contract.storage[id + 2])
+        # Clear storage
+        contract.storage[id] = 0
+        contract.storage[id + 1] = 0
+        contract.storage[id + 2] = 0
+        contract.storage[id + 3] = 0
+        contract.storage[id + 4] = 0
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/map.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/map.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..768dfb9fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/map.se
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# An implementation of a contract for storing a key/value binding
+init:
+    # Set owner
+    contract.storage[0] = msg.sender
+code:
+    # Check ownership
+    if msg.sender == contract.storage[0]:
+        # Get: returns (found, val)
+        if msg.data[0] == 0:
+            s = sha3(msg.data[1])
+            return([contract.storage[s], contract.storage[s+1]], 2)
+        # Set: sets map[k] = v
+        elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+            s = sha3(msg.data[1])
+            contract.storage[s] = 1
+            contract.storage[s + 1] = msg.data[2]
+        # Suicide
+        elif msg.data[2] == 1:
+            suicide(0)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/multiforward.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/multiforward.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..577794d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/multiforward.se
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+init:
+    contract.storage[0] = msg.sender
+code:
+    if msg.sender != contract.storage[0]:
+        stop
+    i = 0
+    while i < ~calldatasize():
+        to = ~calldataload(i)
+        value = ~calldataload(i+20) / 256^12
+        datasize = ~calldataload(i+32) / 256^30
+        data = alloc(datasize)
+        ~calldatacopy(data, i+34, datasize)
+        ~call(tx.gas - 25, to, value, data, datasize, 0, 0)
+        i += 34 + datasize
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/shadowchain.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/shadowchain.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e466a355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/eth15/shadowchain.se
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+# Exists in state:
+# (i) last committed block
+# (ii) chain of uncommitted blocks (linear only)
+# (iii) transactions, each tx with an associated block number
+#
+# Uncommitted block =
+#     [ numtxs, numkvs, tx1 (N words), tx2 (N words) ..., [k1, v1], [k2, v2], [k3, v3] ... ]
+#
+# Block checking process
+#
+# Suppose last committed state is m
+# Last uncommitted state is n
+# Contested block is b
+#
+# 1. Temporarily apply all state transitions from
+# m to b
+# 2. Run code, get list of changes
+# 3. Check is list of changes matches deltas
+#   * if yes, do nothing
+#   * if no, set last uncommitted state to pre-b
+#
+# Storage variables:
+#
+# Last committed block: 0
+# Last uncommitted block: 1
+# Contract holding code: 2
+# Uncommitted map: 3
+# Transaction length (parameter): 4
+# Block b: 2^160 + b * 2^40:
+#             + 1: submission blknum
+#             + 2: submitter
+#             + 3: data in uncommitted block format above
+# Last committed storage:
+#             sha3(k): index k
+
+# Initialize: [0, c, txlength], set address of the code-holding contract and the transaction
+# length
+if not contract.storage[2]:
+    contract.storage[2] = msg.data[1]
+    contract.storage[4] = msg.data[2]
+    stop
+
+# Sequentially commit all uncommitted blocks that are more than 1000 mainchain-blocks old
+last_committed_block = contract.storage[0]
+last_uncommitted_block = contract.storage[1]
+lcb_storage_index = 2^160 + last_committed_block * 2^40
+while contract.storage[lcb_storage_index + 1] < block.number - 1000 and last_committed_block < last_uncommitted_block:
+    kvpairs = contract.storage[lcb_storage_index]
+    i = 0
+    while i < kvpairs:
+        k = contract.storage[lcb_storage_index + 3 + i * 2]
+        v = contract.storage[lcb_storage_index + 4 + i * 2]
+        contract.storage[sha3(k)] = v
+        i += 1
+    last_committed_block += 1
+    lcb_storage_index += 2^40
+contract.storage[0] = last_committed_block
+    
+
+# Propose block: [ 0, block number, data in block format above ... ]
+if msg.data[0] == 0:
+    blknumber = msg.data[1]
+    # Block number must be correct
+    if blknumber != contract.storage[1]:
+        stop
+    # Deposit requirement
+    if msg.value < 10^19:
+        stop
+    # Store the proposal in storage as 
+    # [ 0, main-chain block number, sender, block data...]
+    start_index = 2^160 + blknumber * 2^40
+    numkvs = (msg.datasize - 2) / 2
+    contract.storage[start_index + 1] = block.number
+    1ontract.storage[start_index + 2] = msg.sender
+    i = 0
+    while i < msg.datasize - 2:
+        contract.storage[start_index + 3 + i] = msg.data[2 + i]
+        i += 1
+    contract.storage[1] = blknumber + 1
+
+# Challenge block: [ 1, b ]
+elif msg.data[0] == 1:
+    blknumber = msg.data[1]
+    txwidth = contract.storage[4]
+    last_uncommitted_block = contract.storage[1]
+    last_committed_block = contract.storage[0]
+    # Cannot challenge nonexistent or committed blocks
+    if blknumber <= last_uncommitted_block or blknumber > last_committed_block:
+        stop
+    # Create a contract to serve as a map that maintains keys and values
+    # temporarily
+    tempstore = create('map.se')
+    contract.storage[3] = tempstore
+    # Unquestioningly apply the state transitions from the last committed block
+    # up to b
+    b = last_committed_block
+    cur_storage_index = 2^160 + last_committed_block * 2^40
+    while b < blknumber:
+        numtxs = contract.storage[cur_storage_index + 3]
+        numkvs = contract.storage[cur_storage_index + 4]
+        kv0index = cur_storage_index + 5 + numtxs * txwidth
+        i = 0
+        while i < numkvs:
+            k = contract.storage[kv0index + i * 2]
+            v = contract.storage[kx0index + i * 2 + 1]
+            call(tempstore, [1, k, v], 3)
+            i += 1
+        b += 1
+        cur_storage_index += 2^40
+    # Run the actual code, and see what state transitions it outputs
+    # The way that the code is expected to work is to:
+    #
+    # (1) take as input the list of transactions (the contract should
+    # use msg.datasize to determine how many txs there are, and it should
+    # be aware of the value of txwidth)
+    # (2) call this contract with [2, k] to read current state data
+    # (3) call this contract with [3, k, v] to write current state data
+    # (4) return as output a list of all state transitions that it made
+    # in the form [kvcount, k1, v1, k2, v2 ... ]
+    #
+    # The reason for separating (2) from (3) is that sometimes the state
+    # transition may end up changing a given key many times, and we don't
+    # need to inefficiently store that in storage
+    numkvs = contract.storage[cur_storage_index + 3]
+    numtxs = contract.storage[cur_storage_index + 4]
+    # Populate input array
+    inpwidth = numtxs * txwidth
+    inp = array(inpwidth)
+    i = 0
+    while i < inpwidth:
+        inp[i] = contract.storage[cur_storage_index + 5 + i]
+        i += 1
+    out = call(contract.storage[2], inp, inpwidth, numkvs * 2 + 1)
+    # Check that the number of state transitions is the same
+    if out[0] != kvcount:
+        send(msg.sender, 10^19)
+        contract.storage[0] = last_committed_block
+        stop
+    kv0index = cur_storage_index + 5 + numtxs * txwidth
+    i = 0
+    while i < kvcount:
+        # Check that each individual state transition matches
+        k = contract.storage[kv0index + i * 2 + 1]
+        v = contract.storage[kv0index + i * 2 + 2]
+        if k != out[i * 2 + 1] or v != out[i * 2 + 2]:
+            send(msg.sender, 10^19)
+            contract.storage[0] = last_committed_block
+            stop
+        i += 1
+    # Suicide tempstore
+    call(tempstore, 2)
+
+
+# Read data [2, k]
+elif msg.data[0] == 2:
+    tempstore = contract.storage[3]
+    o = call(tempstore, [0, msg.data[1]], 2, 2)
+    if o[0]:
+        return(o[1])
+    else:
+        return contract.storage[sha3(msg.data[1])]
+
+# Write data [3, k, v]
+elif msg.data[0] == 3:
+    tempstore = contract.storage[3]
+    call(tempstore, [1, msg.data[1], msg.data[2]], 3, 2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/fixedpoint.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/fixedpoint.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a8073c685
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/fixedpoint.se
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+type f: [a, b, c, d, e]
+
+macro f($a) + f($b):
+    f(add($a, $b))
+
+macro f($a) - f($b):
+    f(sub($a, $b))
+
+macro f($a) * f($b):
+    f(mul($a, $b) / 10000)
+
+macro f($a) / f($b):
+    f(sdiv($a * 10000, $b))
+
+macro f($a) % f($b):
+    f(smod($a, $b))
+
+macro f($v) = f($w):
+    $v = $w
+
+macro unfify(f($a)):
+    $a / 10000
+
+macro fify($a):
+    f($a * 10000)
+
+a = fify(5)
+b = fify(2)
+c = a / b
+e = c + (a / b)
+return(unfify(e))
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/long_integer_macros.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/long_integer_macros.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..58cdce6ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/long_integer_macros.se
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+macro smin($a, $b):
+    with $1 = $a:
+        with $2 = $b:
+            if(slt($1, $2), $1, $2)
+
+macro smax($a, $b):
+    with $1 = $a:
+        with $2 = $b:
+            if(slt($1, $2), $2, $1)
+
+def omul(x, y):
+    o = expose(mklong(x) * mklong(y))
+    return(slice(o, 1), o[0]+1)
+
+def oadd(x, y):
+    o = expose(mklong(x) + mklong(y))
+    return(slice(o, 1), o[0]+1)
+
+def osub(x, y):
+    o = expose(mklong(x) - mklong(y))
+    return(slice(o, 1), o[0]+1)
+
+def odiv(x, y):
+    o = expose(mklong(x) / mklong(y))
+    return(slice(o, 1), o[0]+1)
+
+def comb(a:a, b:a, sign):
+    sz = smax(a[0], b[0])
+    msz = smin(a[0], b[0])
+    c = array(sz + 2)
+    c[0] = sz
+    i = 0
+    carry = 0
+    while i < msz:
+        m = a[i + 1] + sign * b[i + 1] + carry
+        c[i + 1] = mod(m + 2^127, 2^128) - 2^127
+        carry = (div(m + 2^127, 2^128) + 2^127) % 2^128 - 2^127
+        i += 1
+    u = if(a[0] > msz, a, b)
+    s = if(a[0] > msz, 1, sign)
+    while i < sz:
+        m = s * u[i + 1] + carry
+        c[i + 1] = mod(m + 2^127, 2^128) - 2^127
+        carry = (div(m + 2^127, 2^128) + 2^127) % 2^128 - 2^127
+        i += 1
+    if carry:
+        c[0] += 1
+        c[sz + 1] = carry
+    return(c, c[0]+1)
+
+def mul(a:a, b:a):
+    c = array(a[0] + b[0] + 2)
+    c[0] = a[0] + b[0]
+    i = 0
+    while i < a[0]:
+        j = 0
+        carry = 0
+        while j < b[0]:
+            m = c[i + j + 1] + a[i + 1] * b[j + 1] + carry
+            c[i + j + 1] = mod(m + 2^127, 2^128) - 2^127
+            carry = (div(m + 2^127, 2^128) + 2^127) % 2^128 - 2^127
+            j += 1
+        if carry:
+            c[0] = a[0] + b[0] + 1
+            c[i + j + 1] += carry
+        i += 1
+    return(c, c[0]+1)
+
+macro long($a) + long($b):
+    long(self.comb($a:$a[0]+1, $b:$b[0]+1, 1, outsz=$a[0]+$b[0]+2))
+
+macro long($a) - long($b):
+    long(self.comb($a:$a[0]+1, $b:$b[0]+1, -1, outsz=$a[0]+$b[0]+2))
+
+macro long($a) * long($b):
+    long(self.mul($a:$a[0]+1, $b:$b[0]+1, outsz=$a[0]+$b[0]+2))
+
+macro long($a) / long($b):
+    long(self.div($a:$a[0]+1, $b:$b[0]+1, outsz=$a[0]+$b[0]+2))
+
+macro mulexpand(long($a), $k, $m):
+    long:
+        with $c = array($a[0]+k+2):
+            $c[0] = $a[0]+$k
+            with i = 0:
+                while i < $a[0]:
+                    v = $a[i+1] * $m + $c[i+$k+1]
+                    $c[i+$k+1] = mod(v + 2^127, 2^128) - 2^127
+                    $c[i+$k+2] = div(v + 2^127, 2^128)
+                    i += 1
+                $c
+
+def div(a:a, b:a):
+    asz = a[0]
+    bsz = b[0]
+    while b[bsz] == 0 and bsz > 0:
+        bsz -= 1
+    c = array(asz+2)
+    c[0] = asz+1
+    while 1:
+        while a[asz] == 0 and asz > 0:
+            asz -= 1
+        if asz < bsz:
+            return(c, c[0]+1)
+        sub = expose(mulexpand(long(b), asz - bsz, a[asz] / b[bsz]))
+        c[asz - bsz+1] = a[asz] / b[bsz]
+        a = expose(long(a) - long(sub))
+        a[asz-1] += 2^128 * a[asz]
+        a[asz] = 0
+        
+macro mklong($i):
+    long([2, mod($i + 2^127, 2^128) - 2^127, div($i + 2^127, 2^128)])
+
+macro expose(long($i)):
+    $i
+
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mul2.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mul2.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..65adff1e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mul2.se
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def double(v):
+    return(v*2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mutuala.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mutuala.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3efb0edeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/mutuala.se
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+# mutuala - subcurrency
+
+# We want to issue a currency that reduces in value as you store it through negative interest.
+# That negative interest would be stored in a commons account.  It's like the p2p version of a
+# capital tax
+
+# the same things goes for transactions - you pay as you use the currency.  However, the more
+# you pay, the more you get to say about what the tax is used for
+
+# each participant can propose a recipient for a payout to be made out of the commons account,
+# others can vote on it by awarding it tax_credits.
+
+# TODO should proposal have expiration timestamp?, after which the tax_credits are refunded
+# TODO multiple proposals can take more credits that available in the Commons, how to handle this
+# TODO how to handle lost accounts, after which no longer possible to get 2/3 majority
+
+shared:
+    COMMONS = 42
+    ADMIN = 666
+    CAPITAL_TAX_PER_DAY = 7305 # 5% per year
+    PAYMENT_TAX = 20 # 5%
+
+    ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET = 2^160
+    ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET = 2^161
+    PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET = 2^162
+    PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET = 2^163
+
+init:
+    contract.storage[ADMIN] = msg.sender
+    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET - 1] = 1
+    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET] = msg.sender
+    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + msg.sender] = 10^12
+    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + msg.sender + 1] = block.timestamp
+
+# contract.storage[COMMONS] = balance commons
+
+# contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET - 1] = number of accounts
+# contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET + n] = account n
+
+# contract.storage[PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET - 1] contains the number of proposals
+# contract.storage[PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET + n] = proposal n
+
+# per account:
+# contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + account] = balance
+# contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + account+1] = timestamp_last_transaction
+# contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + account+2] = tax_credits
+
+# per proposal:
+# contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id] = recipient
+# contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id+1] = amount
+# contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id+2] = total vote credits
+
+code:
+    if msg.data[0] == "suicide" and msg.sender == contract.storage[ADMIN]:
+        suicide(msg.sender)
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "balance":
+        addr = msg.data[1]
+        return(contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + addr])
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "pay":
+        from = msg.sender
+        fromvalue = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from]
+        to = msg.data[1]
+        if to == 0 or to >= 2^160:
+            return([0, "invalid address"], 2)
+        value = msg.data[2]
+        tax = value / PAYMENT_TAX
+
+        if fromvalue >= value + tax:
+            contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from] = fromvalue - (value + tax)
+            contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + to] += value
+            # tax
+            contract.storage[COMMONS] += tax
+            contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from + 2] += tax
+
+            # check timestamp field to see if target account exists
+            if contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + to + 1] == 0:
+                # register new account
+                nr_accounts = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET - 1]
+                contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET + nr_accounts] = to
+                contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET - 1] += 1
+                contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + to + 1] = block.timestamp
+
+            return(1)
+        else:
+            return([0, "insufficient balance"], 2)
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "hash":
+        proposal_id = sha3(msg.data[1])
+        return(proposal_id)
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "propose":
+        from = msg.sender
+        # check if sender has an account and has tax credits
+        if contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from + 2] == 0:
+            return([0, "sender has no tax credits"], 2)
+
+        proposal_id = sha3(msg.data[1])
+        # check if proposal doesn't already exist
+        if contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id]:
+            return([0, "proposal already exists"])
+
+        to = msg.data[2]
+        # check if recipient is a valid address and has an account (with timestamp)
+        if to == 0 or to >= 2^160:
+            return([0, "invalid address"], 2)
+        if contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + to + 1] == 0:
+            return([0, "invalid to account"], 2)
+
+        value = msg.data[3]
+        # check if there is enough money in the commons account
+        if value > contract.storage[COMMONS]:
+            return([0, "not enough credits in commons"], 2)
+
+        # record proposal in list
+        nr_proposals = contract.storage[PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET - 1]
+        contract.storage[PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET + nr_proposals] = proposal_id
+        contract.storage[PROPOSAL_LIST_OFFSET - 1] += 1
+
+        # record proposal in map
+        contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id] = to
+        contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 1] = value
+
+        return(proposal_id)
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "vote":
+        from = msg.sender
+        proposal_id = sha3(msg.data[1])
+        value = msg.data[2]
+        # check if sender has an account and has tax credits
+        if value < contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from + 2]:
+            return([0, "sender doesn't have enough tax credits"], 2)
+
+        # check if proposal exist
+        if contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id] == 0:
+            return([0, "proposal doesn't exist"], 2)
+
+        # increase votes
+        contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 2] += value
+        # withdraw tax credits
+        contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + from + 2] -= value
+
+        # did we reach 2/3 threshold?
+        if contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 2] >= contract.storage[COMMONS] * 2 / 3:
+            # got majority
+            to = contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id]
+            amount = contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 1]
+
+            # adjust balances
+            contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + to] += amount
+            contract.storage[COMMONS] -= amount
+
+            # reset proposal
+            contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id] = 0
+            contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 1] = 0
+            contract.storage[PROPOSAL_MAP_OFFSET + proposal_id + 2] = 0
+            return(1)
+
+        return(proposal_id)
+
+    elif msg.data[0] == "tick":
+        nr_accounts = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET - 1]
+        account_idx = 0
+        tax_paid = 0
+        # process all accounts and see if they have to pay their daily capital tax
+        while account_idx < nr_accounts:
+            cur_account = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_LIST_OFFSET + account_idx]
+            last_timestamp = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + cur_account + 1]
+            time_diff = block.timestamp - last_timestamp
+            if time_diff >= 86400:
+                tax_days = time_diff / 86400
+                balance = contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + cur_account]
+                tax = tax_days * (balance / CAPITAL_TAX_PER_DAY)
+                if tax > 0:
+                    # charge capital tax, but give tax credits in return
+                    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + cur_account] -= tax
+                    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + cur_account + 1] += tax_days * 86400
+                    contract.storage[ACCOUNT_MAP_OFFSET + cur_account + 2] += tax
+
+                    contract.storage[COMMONS] += tax
+                    tax_paid += 1
+            account_idx += 1
+        return(tax_paid) # how many accounts did we charge tax on
+
+    else:
+        return([0, "unknown command"], 2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/namecoin.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/namecoin.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..11d6274ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/namecoin.se
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+def register(k, v):
+    if !self.storage[k]: # Is the key not yet taken?
+        # Then take it!
+        self.storage[k] = v
+        return(1)
+    else:
+        return(0) // Otherwise do nothing
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/peano.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/peano.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..979854444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/peano.se
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+macro padd($x, psuc($y)):
+    psuc(padd($x, $y))
+  
+macro padd($x, z()):
+    $x
+  
+macro dec(psuc($x)):
+    dec($x) + 1
+  
+macro dec(z()):
+    0
+  
+macro pmul($x, z()):
+    z()
+  
+macro pmul($x, psuc($y)):
+    padd(pmul($x, $y), $x)
+  
+macro pexp($x, z()):
+    one()
+  
+macro pexp($x, psuc($y)):
+    pmul($x, pexp($x, $y))
+  
+macro fac(z()):
+    one()
+  
+macro fac(psuc($x)):
+    pmul(psuc($x), fac($x))
+  
+macro one():
+    psuc(z())
+  
+macro two():
+    psuc(psuc(z()))
+  
+macro three():
+    psuc(psuc(psuc(z())))
+  
+macro five():
+    padd(three(), two())
+  
+return([dec(pmul(three(), pmul(three(), three()))), dec(fac(five()))], 2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/returnten.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/returnten.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7969c9eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/returnten.se
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+extern mul2: [double]
+  
+x = create("mul2.se")
+return(x.double(5))
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be5d97fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort.se
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+def kall():
+    argcount = ~calldatasize() / 32
+    if argcount == 1:
+        return(~calldataload(1))
+
+    args = array(argcount)
+    ~calldatacopy(args, 1, argcount * 32)
+    low = array(argcount)
+    lsz = 0
+    high = array(argcount)
+    hsz = 0
+    i = 1
+    while i < argcount:
+        if args[i] < args[0]:
+            low[lsz] = args[i]
+            lsz += 1
+        else:
+            high[hsz] = args[i]
+            hsz += 1
+        i += 1
+    low = self.kall(data=low, datasz=lsz, outsz=lsz)
+    high = self.kall(data=high, datasz=hsz, outsz=hsz)
+    o = array(argcount)
+    i = 0
+    while i < lsz:
+        o[i] = low[i]
+        i += 1
+    o[lsz] = args[0]
+    j = 0
+    while j < hsz:
+        o[lsz + 1 + j] = high[j]
+        j += 1
+    return(o, argcount)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort_pairs.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort_pairs.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e603a238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/quicksort_pairs.se
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Quicksort pairs
+# eg. input of the form [ 30, 1, 90, 2, 70, 3, 50, 4]
+# outputs [ 30, 1, 50, 4, 70, 3, 90, 2 ]
+#
+# Note: this can be used as a generalized sorting algorithm:
+# map every object to [ key, ref ] where `ref` is the index
+# in memory to all of the properties and `key` is the key to
+# sort by
+
+
+def kall():
+    argcount = ~calldatasize() / 64
+    if argcount == 1:
+        return([~calldataload(1), ~calldataload(33)], 2)
+
+    args = array(argcount * 2)
+    ~calldatacopy(args, 1, argcount * 64)
+    low = array(argcount * 2)
+    lsz = 0
+    high = array(argcount * 2)
+    hsz = 0
+    i = 2
+    while i < argcount * 2:
+        if args[i] < args[0]:
+            low[lsz] = args[i]
+            low[lsz + 1] = args[i + 1]
+            lsz += 2
+        else:
+            high[hsz] = args[i]
+            high[hsz + 1] = args[i + 1]
+            hsz += 2
+        i = i + 2
+    low = self.kall(data=low, datasz=lsz, outsz=lsz)
+    high = self.kall(data=high, datasz=hsz, outsz=hsz)
+    o = array(argcount * 2)
+    i = 0
+    while i < lsz:
+        o[i] = low[i]
+        i += 1
+    o[lsz] = args[0]
+    o[lsz + 1] = args[1]
+    j = 0
+    while j < hsz:
+        o[lsz + 2 + j] = high[j]
+        j += 1
+    return(o, argcount * 2)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingcoin.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingcoin.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a7d7da9c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingcoin.se
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# SchellingCoin implementation
+#
+# Epoch length: 100 blocks
+# Target savings depletion rate: 0.1% per epoch
+
+data epoch
+data hashes_submitted
+data output
+data quicksort_pairs
+data accounts[2^160]
+data submissions[2^80](hash, deposit, address, value)
+extern any: [call]
+
+
+def init():
+    self.epoch = block.number / 100
+    self.quicksort_pairs = create('quicksort_pairs.se')
+
+def any():
+    if block.number / 100 > epoch:
+        # Sort all values submitted
+        N = self.hashes_submitted
+        o = array(N * 2)
+        i = 0
+        j = 0
+        while i < N:
+            v = self.submissions[i].value
+            if v:
+                o[j] = v
+                o[j + 1] = i
+                j += 2
+            i += 1
+        values = self.quicksort_pairs.call(data=o, datasz=j, outsz=j)
+
+        # Calculate total deposit, refund non-submitters and
+        # cleanup
+
+        deposits = array(j / 2)
+        addresses = array(j / 2)
+        
+        i = 0
+        total_deposit = 0
+        while i < j / 2:
+            base_index = HASHES + values[i * 2 + 1] * 3
+            deposits[i] = self.submissions[i].deposit
+            addresses[i] = self.submissions[i].address
+            if self.submissions[values[i * 2 + 1]].value:
+                total_deposit += deposits[i]
+            else:
+                send(addresses[i], deposits[i] * 999 / 1000)
+            i += 1
+
+        inverse_profit_ratio = total_deposit / (contract.balance / 1000) + 1
+
+        # Reward everyone
+        i = 0
+        running_deposit_sum = 0
+        halfway_passed = 0
+        while i < j / 2:
+            new_deposit_sum = running_deposit_sum + deposits[i]
+            if new_deposit_sum > total_deposit / 4 and running_deposit_sum < total_deposit * 3 / 4:
+                send(addresses[i], deposits[i] + deposits[i] / inverse_profit_ratio * 2)
+            else:
+                send(addresses[i], deposits[i] - deposits[i] / inverse_profit_ratio)
+
+            if not halfway_passed and new_deposit_sum > total_deposit / 2:
+                self.output = self.submissions[i].value
+                halfway_passed = 1
+            self.submissions[i].value = 0
+            running_deposit_sum = new_deposit_sum
+            i += 1
+        self.epoch = block.number / 100
+        self.hashes_submitted = 0
+        
+def submit_hash(h):
+    if block.number % 100 < 50:
+        cur = self.hashes_submitted
+        pos = HASHES + cur * 3
+        self.submissions[cur].hash = h
+        self.submissions[cur].deposit = msg.value
+        self.submissions[cur].address = msg.sender
+        self.hashes_submitted = cur + 1
+        return(cur)
+
+def submit_value(index, v):
+    if sha3([msg.sender, v], 2) == self.submissions[index].hash:
+            self.submissions[index].value = v
+            return(1)
+
+def request_balance():
+    return(contract.balance)
+
+def request_output():
+    return(self.output)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingdollar.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingdollar.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a34f42ce2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellingcoin/schellingdollar.se
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+# Hedged zero-supply dollar implementation
+# Uses SchellingCoin as price-determining backend
+#
+# Stored variables:
+#
+# 0: Schelling coin contract
+# 1: Last epoch
+# 2: Genesis block of contract
+# 3: USD exposure
+# 4: ETH exposure
+# 5: Cached price
+# 6: Last interest rate
+# 2^160 + k: interest rate accumulator at k epochs
+# 2^161 + ADDR * 3: eth-balance of a particular address
+# 2^161 + ADDR * 3 + 1: usd-balance of a particular address
+# 2^161 + ADDR * 3 + 1: last accessed epoch of a particular address
+#
+# Transaction types:
+#
+# [1, to, val]: send ETH
+# [2, to, val]: send USD
+# [3, wei_amount]: convert ETH to USD
+# [4, usd_amount]: converts USD to ETH
+# [5]: deposit
+# [6, amount]: withdraw
+# [7]: my balance query
+# [7, acct]: balance query for any acct
+# [8]: global state query
+# [9]: liquidation test any account
+#
+# The purpose of the contract is to serve as a sort of cryptographic
+# bank account where users can store both ETH and USD. ETH must be
+# stored in zero or positive quantities, but USD balances can be
+# positive or negative. If the USD balance is negative, the invariant
+# usdbal * 10 >= ethbal * 9 must be satisfied; if any account falls
+# below this value, then that account's balances are zeroed. Note
+# that there is a 2% bounty to ping the app if an account does go
+# below zero; one weakness is that if no one does ping then it is
+# quite possible for accounts to go negative-net-worth, then zero
+# themselves out, draining the reserves of the "bank" and potentially
+# bankrupting it. A 0.1% fee on ETH <-> USD trade is charged to
+# minimize this risk. Additionally, the bank itself will inevitably
+# end up with positive or negative USD exposure; to mitigate this,
+# it automatically updates interest rates on USD to keep exposure
+# near zero.
+
+data schelling_coin
+data last_epoch
+data starting_block
+data usd_exposure
+data eth_exposure
+data price
+data last_interest_rate
+data interest_rate_accum[2^50]
+data accounts[2^160](eth, usd, last_epoch)
+
+extern sc: [submit_hash, submit_value, request_balance, request_output]
+
+def init():
+    self.schelling_coin = create('schellingcoin.se')
+    self.price = self.schelling_coin.request_output()
+    self.interest_rate_accum[0] = 10^18
+    self.starting_block = block.number
+
+def any():
+    sender = msg.sender
+    epoch = (block.number - self.starting_block) / 100
+    last_epoch = self.last_epoch
+    usdprice = self.price
+
+    # Update contract epochs
+    if epoch > last_epoch:
+        delta = epoch - last_epoch
+        last_interest_rate = self.last_interest_rate
+        usd_exposure - self.usd_exposure
+        last_accum = self.interest_rate_accum[last_epoch]
+
+        if usd_exposure < 0:
+            self.last_interest_rate = last_interest_rate - 10000 * delta
+        elif usd_exposure > 0:
+            self.last_interest_rate = last_interest_rate + 10000 * delta
+        
+        self.interest_rate_accum[epoch] = last_accum + last_accum * last_interest_rate * delta / 10^9
+
+        # Proceeds go to support the SchellingCoin feeding it price data, ultimately providing the depositors
+        # of the SchellingCoin an interest rate
+        bal = max(self.balance - self.eth_exposure, 0) / 10000
+        usdprice = self.schelling_coin.request_output()
+        self.price = usdprice
+        self.last_epoch = epoch
+
+    ethbal = self.accounts[msg.sender].eth
+    usdbal = self.accounts[msg.sender].usd
+
+    # Apply interest rates to sender and liquidation-test self
+    if msg.sender != self:
+        self.ping(self)
+    
+def send_eth(to, value):
+    if value > 0 and value <= ethbal and usdbal * usdprice * 2 + (ethbal - value) >= 0:
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].eth = ethbal - value
+        self.ping(to)
+        self.accounts[to].eth += value
+        return(1)
+
+def send_usd(to, value):
+    if value > 0 and value <= usdbal and (usdbal - value) * usdprice * 2 + ethbal >= 0:
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].usd = usdbal - value
+        self.ping(to)
+        self.accounts[to].usd += value
+        return(1)
+
+def convert_to_eth(usdvalue):
+    ethplus = usdvalue * usdprice * 999 / 1000
+    if usdvalue > 0 and (usdbal - usdvalue) * usdprice * 2 + (ethbal + ethplus) >= 0:
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].eth = ethbal + ethplus
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].usd = usdbal - usdvalue
+        self.eth_exposure += ethplus
+        self.usd_exposure -= usdvalue
+        return([ethbal + ethplus, usdbal - usdvalue], 2)
+
+def convert_to_usd(ethvalue):
+    usdplus = ethvalue / usdprice * 999 / 1000
+    if ethvalue > 0 and (usdbal + usdplus) * usdprice * 2 + (ethbal - ethvalue) >= 0:
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].eth = ethbal - ethvalue
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].usd = usdbal + usdplus
+        self.eth_exposure -= ethvalue
+        self.usd_exposure += usdplus
+        return([ethbal - ethvalue, usdbal + usdplus], 2)
+
+def deposit():
+    self.accounts[msg.sender].eth = ethbal + msg.value
+    self.eth_exposure += msg.value
+    return(ethbal + msg.value)
+
+def withdraw(value):
+    if value > 0 and value <= ethbal and usdbal * usdprice * 2 + (ethbal - value) >= 0:
+        self.accounts[msg.sender].eth -= value
+        self.eth_exposure -= value
+        return(ethbal - value)
+
+def balance(acct):
+    self.ping(acct)
+    return([self.accounts[acct].eth, self.accounts[acct].usd], 2)
+
+def global_state_query(acct):
+    interest = self.last_interest_rate
+    usd_exposure = self.usd_exposure
+    eth_exposure = self.eth_exposure
+    eth_balance = self.balance
+    return([epoch, usdprice, interest, usd_exposure, eth_exposure, eth_balance], 6)
+
+def ping(acct):
+    account_last_epoch = self.accounts[acct].last_epoch
+    if account_last_epoch != epoch:
+        cur_usd_balance = self.accounts[acct].usd
+        new_usd_balance = cur_usd_balance * self.interest_rate_accum[epoch] / self.interest_rate_accum[account_last_epoch]
+        self.accounts[acct].usd = new_usd_balance
+        self.accounts[acct].last_epoch = epoch
+        self.usd_exposure += new_usd_balance - cur_usd_balance
+        
+        ethbal = self.accounts[acct].eth
+
+        if new_usd_balance * usdval * 10 + ethbal * 9 < 0:
+            self.accounts[acct].eth = 0
+            self.accounts[acct].usd = 0
+            self.accounts[msg.sender].eth += ethbal / 50
+            self.eth_exposure += -ethbal + ethbal / 50
+            self.usd_exposure += new_usd_balance
+            return(1)
+        return(0)
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellinghelper.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellinghelper.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e522d6e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/schellinghelper.se
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+return(sha3([msg.sender, msg.data[0]], 2))
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/short_namecoin.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/short_namecoin.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..db327a77d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/short_namecoin.se
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+def register(k, v):
+    if !self.storage[k]:
+        self.storage[k] = v
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/subcurrency.se b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/subcurrency.se
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fbda822b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/examples/subcurrency.se
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+def init():
+    self.storage[msg.sender] = 1000000
+
+def balance_query(k):
+    return(self.storage[addr])
+
+def send(to, value):
+    fromvalue = self.storage[msg.sender]
+    if fromvalue >= value:
+        self.storage[from] = fromvalue - value
+        self.storage[to] += value
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ea9be14a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include "funcs.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "compiler.h"
+#include "rewriter.h"
+#include "tokenize.h"
+
+Node compileToLLL(std::string input) {
+    return rewrite(parseSerpent(input));
+}
+
+Node compileChunkToLLL(std::string input) {
+    return rewriteChunk(parseSerpent(input));
+}
+
+std::string compile(std::string input) {
+    return compileLLL(compileToLLL(input));
+}
+
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompile(std::string input) {
+    return prettyCompileLLL(compileToLLL(input));
+}
+
+std::string compileChunk(std::string input) {
+    return compileLLL(compileChunkToLLL(input));
+}
+
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompileChunk(std::string input) {
+    return prettyCompileLLL(compileChunkToLLL(input));
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9bf44549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/funcs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "compiler.h"
+#include "rewriter.h"
+#include "tokenize.h"
+
+// Function listing:
+//
+// parseSerpent      (serpent -> AST)      std::string -> Node
+// parseLLL          (LLL -> AST)          std::string -> Node
+// rewrite           (apply rewrite rules) Node -> Node
+// compileToLLL      (serpent -> LLL)      std::string -> Node
+// compileLLL        (LLL -> EVMhex)       Node -> std::string
+// prettyCompileLLL  (LLL -> EVMasm)       Node -> std::vector<Node>
+// prettyCompile     (serpent -> EVMasm)   std::string -> std::vector>Node>
+// compile           (serpent -> EVMhex)   std::string -> std::string
+// get_file_contents (filename -> file)    std::string -> std::string
+// exists            (does file exist?)    std::string -> bool
+
+Node compileToLLL(std::string input);
+
+Node compileChunkToLLL(std::string input);
+
+std::string compile(std::string input);
+
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompile(std::string input);
+
+std::string compileChunk(std::string input);
+
+std::vector<Node> prettyCompileChunk(std::string input);
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78e12e84a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "optimize.h"
+#include "rewriteutils.h"
+#include "preprocess.h"
+#include "functions.h"
+
+std::string getSignature(std::vector<Node> args) {
+    std::string o;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
+        if (args[i].val == ":" && args[i].args[1].val == "s")
+            o += "s";
+        else if (args[i].val == ":" && args[i].args[1].val == "a")
+            o += "a";
+        else
+            o += "i";
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Convert a list of arguments into a node containing a
+// < datastart, datasz > pair
+
+Node packArguments(std::vector<Node> args, std::string sig,
+                      int funId, Metadata m) {
+    // Plain old 32 byte arguments
+    std::vector<Node> nargs;
+    // Variable-sized arguments
+    std::vector<Node> vargs;
+    // Variable sizes
+    std::vector<Node> sizes;
+    // Is a variable an array?
+    std::vector<bool> isArray;
+    // Fill up above three argument lists
+    int argCount = 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
+        Metadata m = args[i].metadata;
+        if (args[i].val == "=") {
+            // do nothing
+        }
+        else {
+            // Determine the correct argument type
+            char argType;
+            if (sig.size() > 0) {
+                if (argCount >= (signed)sig.size())
+                    err("Too many args", m);
+                argType = sig[argCount];
+            }
+            else argType = 'i';
+            // Integer (also usable for short strings)
+            if (argType == 'i') {
+                if (args[i].val == ":")
+                    err("Function asks for int, provided string or array", m);
+                nargs.push_back(args[i]);
+            }
+            // Long string
+            else if (argType == 's') {
+                if (args[i].val != ":")
+                    err("Must specify string length", m);
+                vargs.push_back(args[i].args[0]);
+                sizes.push_back(args[i].args[1]);
+                isArray.push_back(false);
+            }
+            // Array
+            else if (argType == 'a') {
+                if (args[i].val != ":")
+                    err("Must specify array length", m);
+                vargs.push_back(args[i].args[0]);
+                sizes.push_back(args[i].args[1]);
+                isArray.push_back(true);
+            }
+            else err("Invalid arg type in signature", m);
+            argCount++;
+        }
+    }
+    int static_arg_size = 1 + (vargs.size() + nargs.size()) * 32;
+    // Start off by saving the size variables and calculating the total
+    msn kwargs;
+    kwargs["funid"] = tkn(utd(funId), m);
+    std::string pattern =
+        "(with _sztot "+utd(static_arg_size)+"                            "
+        "    (with _sizes (alloc "+utd(sizes.size() * 32)+")              "
+        "        (seq                                                     ";
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizes.size(); i++) {
+        std::string sizeIncrement = 
+            isArray[i] ? "(mul 32 _x)" : "_x";
+        pattern +=
+            "(with _x $sz"+utd(i)+"(seq                                   "
+            "    (mstore (add _sizes "+utd(i * 32)+") _x)                 "
+            "    (set _sztot (add _sztot "+sizeIncrement+" ))))           ";
+        kwargs["sz"+utd(i)] = sizes[i];
+    }
+    // Allocate memory, and set first data byte
+    pattern +=
+            "(with _datastart (alloc (add _sztot 32)) (seq                "
+            "    (mstore8 _datastart $funid)                              ";
+    // Copy over size variables
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizes.size(); i++) {
+        int v = 1 + i * 32;
+        pattern +=
+            "    (mstore                                                  "
+            "          (add _datastart "+utd(v)+")                        "
+            "          (mload (add _sizes "+utd(v-1)+")))                 ";
+    }
+    // Store normal arguments
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < nargs.size(); i++) {
+        int v = 1 + (i + sizes.size()) * 32;
+        pattern +=
+            "    (mstore (add _datastart "+utd(v)+") $"+utd(i)+")         ";
+        kwargs[utd(i)] = nargs[i];
+    }
+    // Loop through variable-sized arguments, store them
+    pattern += 
+            "    (with _pos (add _datastart "+utd(static_arg_size)+") (seq";
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < vargs.size(); i++) {
+        std::string copySize =
+            isArray[i] ? "(mul 32 (mload (add _sizes "+utd(i * 32)+")))"
+                       : "(mload (add _sizes "+utd(i * 32)+"))";
+        pattern +=
+            "        (unsafe_mcopy _pos $vl"+utd(i)+" "+copySize+")       "
+            "        (set _pos (add _pos "+copySize+"))                   ";
+        kwargs["vl"+utd(i)] = vargs[i];
+    }
+    // Return a 2-item array containing the start and size
+    pattern += "     (array_lit _datastart _sztot))))))))";
+    std::string prefix = "_temp_"+mkUniqueToken();
+    // Fill in pattern, return triple
+    return subst(parseLLL(pattern), kwargs, prefix, m);
+}
+
+// Create a node for argument unpacking
+Node unpackArguments(std::vector<Node> vars, Metadata m) {
+    std::vector<std::string> varNames;
+    std::vector<std::string> longVarNames;
+    std::vector<bool> longVarIsArray;
+    // Fill in variable and long variable names, as well as which
+    // long variables are arrays and which are strings
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < vars.size(); i++) {
+        if (vars[i].val == ":") {
+            if (vars[i].args.size() != 2)
+                err("Malformed def!", m);
+            longVarNames.push_back(vars[i].args[0].val);
+            std::string tag = vars[i].args[1].val;
+            if (tag == "s")
+                longVarIsArray.push_back(false);
+            else if (tag == "a")
+                longVarIsArray.push_back(true);
+            else
+                err("Function value can only be string or array", m);
+        }
+        else {
+            varNames.push_back(vars[i].val);
+        }
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> sub;
+    if (!varNames.size() && !longVarNames.size()) {
+        // do nothing if we have no arguments
+    }
+    else {
+        std::vector<Node> varNodes;
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < longVarNames.size(); i++)
+            varNodes.push_back(token(longVarNames[i], m));
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < varNames.size(); i++)
+            varNodes.push_back(token(varNames[i], m));
+        // Copy over variable lengths and short variables
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < varNodes.size(); i++) {
+            int pos = 1 + i * 32;
+            std::string prefix = (i < longVarNames.size()) ? "_len_" : "";
+            sub.push_back(asn("untyped", asn("set",
+                              token(prefix+varNodes[i].val, m),
+                              asn("calldataload", tkn(utd(pos), m), m),
+                              m)));
+        }
+        // Copy over long variables
+        if (longVarNames.size() > 0) {
+            std::vector<Node> sub2;
+            int pos = varNodes.size() * 32 + 1;
+            Node tot = tkn("_tot", m);
+            for (unsigned i = 0; i < longVarNames.size(); i++) {
+                Node var = tkn(longVarNames[i], m);
+                Node varlen = longVarIsArray[i] 
+                    ? asn("mul", tkn("32", m), tkn("_len_"+longVarNames[i], m))
+                    : tkn("_len_"+longVarNames[i], m);
+                sub2.push_back(asn("untyped",
+                                   asn("set", var, asn("alloc", varlen))));
+                sub2.push_back(asn("calldatacopy", var, tot, varlen));
+                sub2.push_back(asn("set", tot, asn("add", tot, varlen)));
+            }
+            std::string prefix = "_temp_"+mkUniqueToken();
+            sub.push_back(subst(
+                astnode("with", tot, tkn(utd(pos), m), asn("seq", sub2)),
+                msn(),
+                prefix,
+                m));
+        }
+    }
+    return asn("seq", sub, m);
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..68a1c69ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/functions.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_FUNCTIONS
+#define ETHSERP_FUNCTIONS
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "optimize.h"
+#include "rewriteutils.h"
+#include "preprocess.h"
+
+
+class argPack {
+    public:
+        argPack(Node a, Node b, Node c) {
+            pre = a;
+            datastart = b;
+            datasz = c;
+        }
+    Node pre;
+    Node datastart;
+    Node datasz;
+};
+
+// Get a signature from a function
+std::string getSignature(std::vector<Node> args);
+
+// Convert a list of arguments into a <pre, mstart, msize> node
+// triple, given the signature of a function
+Node packArguments(std::vector<Node> args, std::string sig,
+                   int funId, Metadata m);
+
+// Create a node for argument unpacking
+Node unpackArguments(std::vector<Node> vars, Metadata m);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad4fbd52d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "tokenize.h"
+
+struct _parseOutput {
+    Node node;
+    int newpos;
+};
+
+// Helper, returns subtree and position of start of next node
+_parseOutput _parse(std::vector<Node> inp, int pos) {
+    Metadata met = inp[pos].metadata;
+    _parseOutput o;
+    // Bracket: keep grabbing tokens until we get to the
+    // corresponding closing bracket
+    if (inp[pos].val == "(" || inp[pos].val == "[") {
+        std::string fun, rbrack;
+        std::vector<Node> args;
+        pos += 1;
+        if (inp[pos].val == "[") {
+            fun = "access";
+            rbrack = "]";
+        }
+        else rbrack = ")";
+        // First argument is the function
+        while (inp[pos].val != ")") {
+            _parseOutput po = _parse(inp, pos);
+            if (fun.length() == 0 && po.node.type == 1) {
+                std::cerr << "Error: first arg must be function\n";
+                fun = po.node.val;
+            }
+            else if (fun.length() == 0) {
+                fun = po.node.val;
+            }
+            else {
+                args.push_back(po.node);
+            }
+            pos = po.newpos;
+        }
+        o.newpos = pos + 1;
+        o.node = astnode(fun, args, met);
+    }
+    // Normal token, return it and advance to next token
+    else {
+        o.newpos = pos + 1;
+        o.node = token(inp[pos].val, met);
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// stream of tokens -> lisp parse tree
+Node parseLLLTokenStream(std::vector<Node> inp) {
+    _parseOutput o = _parse(inp, 0);
+    return o.node;
+}
+
+// Parses LLL
+Node parseLLL(std::string s, bool allowFileRead) {
+    std::string input = s;
+    std::string file = "main";
+    if (exists(s) && allowFileRead) {
+        file = s;
+        input = get_file_contents(s);
+    }
+    return parseLLLTokenStream(tokenize(s, Metadata(file, 0, 0), true));
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4bfa7b82e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/lllparser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_LLLPARSER
+#define ETHSERP_LLLPARSER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// LLL text -> parse tree
+Node parseLLL(std::string s, bool allowFileRead=false);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b24144e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "opcodes.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+
+Mapping mapping[] = {
+    Mapping("STOP", 0x00, 0, 0),
+    Mapping("ADD", 0x01, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("MUL", 0x02, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SUB", 0x03, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("DIV", 0x04, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SDIV", 0x05, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("MOD", 0x06, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SMOD", 0x07, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("ADDMOD", 0x08, 3, 1),
+    Mapping("MULMOD", 0x09, 3, 1),
+    Mapping("EXP", 0x0a, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SIGNEXTEND", 0x0b, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("LT", 0x10, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("GT", 0x11, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SLT", 0x12, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SGT", 0x13, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("EQ", 0x14, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("ISZERO", 0x15, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("AND", 0x16, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("OR", 0x17, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("XOR", 0x18, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("NOT", 0x19, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("BYTE", 0x1a, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("SHA3", 0x20, 2, 1),
+    Mapping("ADDRESS", 0x30, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("BALANCE", 0x31, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("ORIGIN", 0x32, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLER", 0x33, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLVALUE", 0x34, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLDATALOAD", 0x35, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLDATASIZE", 0x36, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLDATACOPY", 0x37, 3, 0),
+    Mapping("CODESIZE", 0x38, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("CODECOPY", 0x39, 3, 0),
+    Mapping("GASPRICE", 0x3a, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("EXTCODESIZE", 0x3b, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("EXTCODECOPY", 0x3c, 4, 0),
+    Mapping("PREVHASH", 0x40, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("COINBASE", 0x41, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("TIMESTAMP", 0x42, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("NUMBER", 0x43, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("DIFFICULTY", 0x44, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("GASLIMIT", 0x45, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("POP", 0x50, 1, 0),
+    Mapping("MLOAD", 0x51, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("MSTORE", 0x52, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("MSTORE8", 0x53, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("SLOAD", 0x54, 1, 1),
+    Mapping("SSTORE", 0x55, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("JUMP", 0x56, 1, 0),
+    Mapping("JUMPI", 0x57, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("PC", 0x58, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("MSIZE", 0x59, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("GAS", 0x5a, 0, 1),
+    Mapping("JUMPDEST", 0x5b, 0, 0),
+    Mapping("LOG0", 0xa0, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("LOG1", 0xa1, 3, 0),
+    Mapping("LOG2", 0xa2, 4, 0),
+    Mapping("LOG3", 0xa3, 5, 0),
+    Mapping("LOG4", 0xa4, 6, 0),
+    Mapping("CREATE", 0xf0, 3, 1),
+    Mapping("CALL", 0xf1, 7, 1),
+    Mapping("CALLCODE", 0xf2, 7, 1),
+    Mapping("RETURN", 0xf3, 2, 0),
+    Mapping("SUICIDE", 0xff, 1, 0),
+    Mapping("---END---", 0x00, 0, 0),
+};
+
+std::map<std::string, std::vector<int> > opcodes;
+std::map<int, std::string> reverseOpcodes;
+
+// Fetches everything EXCEPT PUSH1..32
+std::pair<std::string, std::vector<int> > _opdata(std::string ops, int opi) {
+    if (!opcodes.size()) {
+        int i = 0;
+        while (mapping[i].op != "---END---") {
+            Mapping mi = mapping[i];
+            opcodes[mi.op] = triple(mi.opcode, mi.in, mi.out);
+            i++;
+        }
+        for (i = 1; i <= 16; i++) {
+            opcodes["DUP"+unsignedToDecimal(i)] = triple(0x7f + i, i, i+1);
+            opcodes["SWAP"+unsignedToDecimal(i)] = triple(0x8f + i, i+1, i+1);
+        }
+        for (std::map<std::string, std::vector<int> >::iterator it=opcodes.begin();
+             it != opcodes.end();
+             it++) {
+            reverseOpcodes[(*it).second[0]] = (*it).first;
+        }
+    }
+    ops = upperCase(ops);
+    std::string op;
+    std::vector<int> opdata;
+    op = reverseOpcodes.count(opi) ? reverseOpcodes[opi] : "";
+    opdata = opcodes.count(ops) ? opcodes[ops] : triple(-1, -1, -1);
+    return std::pair<std::string, std::vector<int> >(op, opdata);
+}
+
+int opcode(std::string op) {
+	return _opdata(op, -1).second[0];
+}
+
+int opinputs(std::string op) {
+	return _opdata(op, -1).second[1];
+}
+
+int opoutputs(std::string op) {
+	return _opdata(op, -1).second[2];
+}
+
+std::string op(int opcode) {
+	return _opdata("", opcode).first;
+}
+
+std::string lllSpecials[][3] = {
+    { "ref", "1", "1" },
+    { "get", "1", "1" },
+    { "set", "2", "2" },
+    { "with", "3", "3" },
+    { "comment", "0", "2147483647" },
+    { "ops", "0", "2147483647" },
+    { "lll", "2", "2" },
+    { "seq", "0", "2147483647" },
+    { "if", "3", "3" },
+    { "unless", "2", "2" },
+    { "until", "2", "2" },
+    { "alloc", "1", "1" },
+    { "---END---", "0", "0" },
+};
+
+std::map<std::string, std::pair<int, int> > lllMap;
+
+// Is a function name one of the valid functions above?
+bool isValidLLLFunc(std::string f, int argc) {
+    if (lllMap.size() == 0) {
+        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
+            if (lllSpecials[i][0] == "---END---") break;
+            lllMap[lllSpecials[i][0]] = std::pair<int, int>(
+                dtu(lllSpecials[i][1]), dtu(lllSpecials[i][2]));
+        }
+    }
+    return lllMap.count(f)
+        && argc >= lllMap[f].first
+        && argc <= lllMap[f].second;
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41423c169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/opcodes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_OPCODES
+#define ETHSERP_OPCODES
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+class Mapping {
+    public:
+        Mapping(std::string Op, int Opcode, int In, int Out) {
+            op = Op;
+            opcode = Opcode;
+            in = In;
+            out = Out;
+        }
+        std::string op;
+        int opcode;
+        int in;
+        int out;
+};
+
+extern Mapping mapping[];
+
+extern std::map<std::string, std::vector<int> > opcodes;
+extern std::map<int, std::string> reverseOpcodes;
+
+std::pair<std::string, std::vector<int> > _opdata(std::string ops, int opi);
+
+int opcode(std::string op);
+
+int opinputs(std::string op);
+
+int opoutputs(std::string op);
+
+std::string op(int opcode);
+
+extern std::string lllSpecials[][3];
+
+extern std::map<std::string, std::pair<int, int> > lllMap;
+
+bool isValidLLLFunc(std::string f, int argc);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e689fcb69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+
+// Compile-time arithmetic calculations
+Node optimize(Node inp) {
+    if (inp.type == TOKEN) {
+        Node o = tryNumberize(inp);
+        if (decimalGt(o.val, tt256, true))
+            err("Value too large (exceeds 32 bytes or 2^256)", inp.metadata);
+        return o;
+    }
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.args.size(); i++) {
+        inp.args[i] = optimize(inp.args[i]);
+    }
+    // Arithmetic-specific transform
+    if (inp.val == "+") inp.val = "add";
+    if (inp.val == "*") inp.val = "mul";
+    if (inp.val == "-") inp.val = "sub";
+    if (inp.val == "/") inp.val = "sdiv";
+    if (inp.val == "^") inp.val = "exp";
+    if (inp.val == "**") inp.val = "exp";
+    if (inp.val == "%") inp.val = "smod";
+    // Degenerate cases for add and mul
+    if (inp.args.size() == 2) {
+        if (inp.val == "add" && inp.args[0].type == TOKEN && 
+                inp.args[0].val == "0") {
+            Node x = inp.args[1];
+            inp = x;
+        }
+        if (inp.val == "add" && inp.args[1].type == TOKEN && 
+                inp.args[1].val == "0") {
+            Node x = inp.args[0];
+            inp = x;
+        }
+        if (inp.val == "mul" && inp.args[0].type == TOKEN && 
+                inp.args[0].val == "1") {
+            Node x = inp.args[1];
+            inp = x;
+        }
+        if (inp.val == "mul" && inp.args[1].type == TOKEN && 
+                inp.args[1].val == "1") {
+            Node x = inp.args[0];
+            inp = x;
+        }
+    }
+    // Arithmetic computation
+    if (inp.args.size() == 2 
+            && inp.args[0].type == TOKEN 
+            && inp.args[1].type == TOKEN) {
+      std::string o;
+      if (inp.val == "add") {
+          o = decimalMod(decimalAdd(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val), tt256);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "sub") {
+          if (decimalGt(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val, true))
+              o = decimalSub(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "mul") {
+          o = decimalMod(decimalMul(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val), tt256);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "div" && inp.args[1].val != "0") {
+          o = decimalDiv(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "sdiv" && inp.args[1].val != "0"
+            && decimalGt(tt255, inp.args[0].val)
+            && decimalGt(tt255, inp.args[1].val)) {
+          o = decimalDiv(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "mod" && inp.args[1].val != "0") {
+          o = decimalMod(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val);
+      }
+      else if (inp.val == "smod" && inp.args[1].val != "0"
+            && decimalGt(tt255, inp.args[0].val)
+            && decimalGt(tt255, inp.args[1].val)) {
+          o = decimalMod(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val);
+      }    
+      else if (inp.val == "exp") {
+          o = decimalModExp(inp.args[0].val, inp.args[1].val, tt256);
+      }
+      if (o.length()) return token(o, inp.metadata);
+    }
+    return inp;
+}
+
+// Is a node degenerate (ie. trivial to calculate) ?
+bool isDegenerate(Node n) {
+    return optimize(n).type == TOKEN;
+}
+
+// Is a node purely arithmetic?
+bool isPureArithmetic(Node n) {
+    return isNumberLike(optimize(n));
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06ea3bba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/optimize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_OPTIMIZER
+#define ETHSERP_OPTIMIZER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Compile-time arithmetic calculations
+Node optimize(Node inp);
+
+// Is a node degenerate (ie. trivial to calculate) ?
+bool isDegenerate(Node n);
+
+// Is a node purely arithmetic?
+bool isPureArithmetic(Node n);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e8c459c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "tokenize.h"
+
+// Extended BEDMAS precedence order
+int precedence(Node tok) {
+    std::string v = tok.val;
+    if (v == ".") return -1;
+    else if (v == "!" || v == "not") return 1;
+    else if (v=="^" || v == "**") return 2;
+	else if (v=="*" || v=="/" || v=="%") return 3;
+    else if (v=="+" || v=="-") return 4;
+    else if (v=="<" || v==">" || v=="<=" || v==">=") return 5;
+    else if (v=="&" || v=="|" || v=="xor" || v=="==" || v == "!=") return 6;
+    else if (v=="&&" || v=="and") return 7;    
+    else if (v=="||" || v=="or") return 8;
+    else if (v=="=") return 10;
+    else if (v=="+=" || v=="-=" || v=="*=" || v=="/=" || v=="%=") return 10;
+    else if (v==":" || v == "::") return 11;
+    else return 0;
+}
+
+// Token classification for shunting-yard purposes
+int toktype(Node tok) {
+    if (tok.type == ASTNODE) return COMPOUND;
+    std::string v = tok.val;
+    if (v == "(" || v == "[" || v == "{") return LPAREN;
+    else if (v == ")" || v == "]" || v == "}") return RPAREN;
+    else if (v == ",") return COMMA;
+    else if (v == "!" || v == "~" || v == "not") return UNARY_OP;
+    else if (precedence(tok) > 0) return BINARY_OP;
+    else if (precedence(tok) < 0) return TOKEN_SPLITTER;
+    if (tok.val[0] != '"' && tok.val[0] != '\'') {
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < tok.val.length(); i++) {
+            if (chartype(tok.val[i]) == SYMB) {
+                err("Invalid symbol: "+tok.val, tok.metadata);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ALPHANUM;
+}
+
+
+// Converts to reverse polish notation
+std::vector<Node> shuntingYard(std::vector<Node> tokens) {
+    std::vector<Node> iq;
+    for (int i = tokens.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        iq.push_back(tokens[i]);
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> oq;
+    std::vector<Node> stack;
+    Node prev, tok;
+    int prevtyp = 0, toktyp = 0;
+    
+    while (iq.size()) {
+        prev = tok;
+        prevtyp = toktyp;
+        tok = iq.back();
+        toktyp = toktype(tok);
+        iq.pop_back();
+        // Alphanumerics go straight to output queue
+        if (toktyp == ALPHANUM) {
+            oq.push_back(tok);
+        }
+        // Left parens go on stack and output queue
+        else if (toktyp == LPAREN) {
+            while (stack.size() && toktype(stack.back()) == TOKEN_SPLITTER) {
+                oq.push_back(stack.back());
+                stack.pop_back();
+            }
+            if (prevtyp != ALPHANUM && prevtyp != RPAREN) {
+                oq.push_back(token("id", tok.metadata));
+            }
+            stack.push_back(tok);
+            oq.push_back(tok);
+        }
+        // If rparen, keep moving from stack to output queue until lparen
+        else if (toktyp == RPAREN) {
+            while (stack.size() && toktype(stack.back()) != LPAREN) {
+                oq.push_back(stack.back());
+                stack.pop_back();
+            }
+            if (stack.size()) {
+                stack.pop_back();
+            }
+            oq.push_back(tok);
+        }
+        else if (toktyp == UNARY_OP) {
+            stack.push_back(tok);
+        }
+        // If token splitter, just push it to the stack 
+        else if (toktyp == TOKEN_SPLITTER) {
+            while (stack.size() && toktype(stack.back()) == TOKEN_SPLITTER) {
+                oq.push_back(stack.back());
+                stack.pop_back();
+            }
+            stack.push_back(tok);
+        }
+        // If binary op, keep popping from stack while higher bedmas precedence
+        else if (toktyp == BINARY_OP) {
+            if (tok.val == "-" && prevtyp != ALPHANUM && prevtyp != RPAREN) {
+                stack.push_back(tok);
+                oq.push_back(token("0", tok.metadata));
+            }
+            else {
+                int prec = precedence(tok);
+                while (stack.size() 
+                      && (toktype(stack.back()) == BINARY_OP 
+                          || toktype(stack.back()) == UNARY_OP
+                          || toktype(stack.back()) == TOKEN_SPLITTER)
+                      && precedence(stack.back()) <= prec) {
+                    oq.push_back(stack.back());
+                    stack.pop_back();
+                }
+                stack.push_back(tok);
+            }
+        }
+        // Comma means finish evaluating the argument
+        else if (toktyp == COMMA) {
+            while (stack.size() && toktype(stack.back()) != LPAREN) {
+                oq.push_back(stack.back());
+                stack.pop_back();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    while (stack.size()) {
+        oq.push_back(stack.back());
+        stack.pop_back();
+    }
+    return oq;
+}
+
+// Converts reverse polish notation into tree
+Node treefy(std::vector<Node> stream) {
+    std::vector<Node> iq;
+    for (int i = stream.size() -1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        iq.push_back(stream[i]);
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> oq;
+    while (iq.size()) {
+        Node tok = iq.back();
+        iq.pop_back();
+        int typ = toktype(tok);
+        // If unary, take node off end of oq and wrap it with the operator
+        // If binary, do the same with two nodes
+        if (typ == UNARY_OP || typ == BINARY_OP || typ == TOKEN_SPLITTER) {
+            std::vector<Node> args;
+            int rounds = (typ == UNARY_OP) ? 1 : 2;
+            for (int i = 0; i < rounds; i++) {
+                if (oq.size() == 0) {
+                    err("Line malformed, not enough args for "+tok.val,
+                        tok.metadata);
+                }
+                args.push_back(oq.back());
+                oq.pop_back();
+            }
+            std::vector<Node> args2;
+            while (args.size()) {
+                args2.push_back(args.back());
+                args.pop_back();
+            }
+            oq.push_back(astnode(tok.val, args2, tok.metadata));
+        }
+        // If rparen, keep grabbing until we get to an lparen
+        else if (typ == RPAREN) {
+            std::vector<Node> args;
+            while (1) {
+                if (toktype(oq.back()) == LPAREN) break;
+                args.push_back(oq.back());
+                oq.pop_back();
+                if (!oq.size()) err("Bracket without matching", tok.metadata);
+            }
+            oq.pop_back();
+            args.push_back(oq.back());
+            oq.pop_back();
+            // We represent a[b] as (access a b)
+            if (tok.val == "]")
+                 args.push_back(token("access", tok.metadata));
+            if (args.back().type == ASTNODE)
+                 args.push_back(token("fun", tok.metadata));
+            std::string fun = args.back().val;
+            args.pop_back();
+            // We represent [1,2,3] as (array_lit 1 2 3)
+            if (fun == "access" && args.size() && args.back().val == "id") {
+                fun = "array_lit";
+                args.pop_back();
+            }
+            std::vector<Node> args2;
+            while (args.size()) {
+                args2.push_back(args.back());
+                args.pop_back();
+            }
+            // When evaluating 2 + (3 * 5), the shunting yard algo turns that
+            // into 2 ( id 3 5 * ) +, effectively putting "id" as a dummy
+            // function where the algo was expecting a function to call the
+            // thing inside the brackets. This reverses that step
+			if (fun == "id" && args2.size() == 1) {
+                oq.push_back(args2[0]);
+            }
+            else {
+                oq.push_back(astnode(fun, args2, tok.metadata));
+            }
+        }
+        else oq.push_back(tok);
+        // This is messy, but has to be done. Import/inset other files here
+        std::string v = oq.back().val;
+        if ((v == "inset" || v == "import" || v == "create") 
+                && oq.back().args.size() == 1
+                && oq.back().args[0].type == TOKEN) {
+            int lastSlashPos = tok.metadata.file.rfind("/");
+            std::string root;
+            if (lastSlashPos >= 0)
+                root = tok.metadata.file.substr(0, lastSlashPos) + "/";
+            else
+                root = "";
+            std::string filename = oq.back().args[0].val;
+            filename = filename.substr(1, filename.length() - 2);
+            if (!exists(root + filename))
+                err("File does not exist: "+root + filename, tok.metadata);
+            oq.back().args.pop_back();
+            oq.back().args.push_back(parseSerpent(root + filename));
+        }
+        //Useful for debugging
+        //for (int i = 0; i < oq.size(); i++) {
+        //    std::cerr << printSimple(oq[i]) << " ";
+        //}
+        //std::cerr << " <-\n";
+    }
+    // Output must have one argument
+    if (oq.size() == 0) {
+        err("Output blank", Metadata());
+    }
+    else if (oq.size() > 1) {
+        return asn("multi", oq, oq[0].metadata);
+    }
+
+	return oq[0];
+}
+
+
+// Parses one line of serpent
+Node parseSerpentTokenStream(std::vector<Node> s) {
+    return treefy(shuntingYard(s));
+}
+
+
+// Count spaces at beginning of line
+int spaceCount(std::string s) {
+	unsigned pos = 0;
+	while (pos < s.length() && (s[pos] == ' ' || s[pos] == '\t'))
+		pos++;
+    return pos;
+}
+
+// Is this a command that takes an argument on the same line?
+bool bodied(std::string tok) {
+    return tok == "if" || tok == "elif" || tok == "while"
+        || tok == "with" || tok == "def" || tok == "extern"
+        || tok == "data" || tok == "assert" || tok == "return"
+        || tok == "fun" || tok == "scope" || tok == "macro"
+        || tok == "type";
+}
+
+// Are the two commands meant to continue each other? 
+bool bodiedContinued(std::string prev, std::string tok) {
+    return (prev == "if" && tok == "elif")
+        || (prev == "elif" && tok == "else")
+        || (prev == "elif" && tok == "elif")
+        || (prev == "if" && tok == "else");
+}
+
+// Is a line of code empty?
+bool isLineEmpty(std::string line) {
+    std::vector<Node> tokens = tokenize(line);
+    if (!tokens.size() || tokens[0].val == "#" || tokens[0].val == "//")
+        return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Parse lines of serpent (helper function)
+Node parseLines(std::vector<std::string> lines, Metadata metadata, int sp) {
+    std::vector<Node> o;
+    int origLine = metadata.ln;
+	unsigned i = 0;
+    while (i < lines.size()) {
+        metadata.ln = origLine + i; 
+        std::string main = lines[i];
+        if (isLineEmpty(main)) {
+            i += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        int spaces = spaceCount(main);
+        if (spaces != sp) {
+            err("Indent mismatch", metadata);
+        }
+        // Tokenize current line
+        std::vector<Node> tokens = tokenize(main.substr(sp), metadata);
+        // Remove comments
+        std::vector<Node> tokens2;
+		for (unsigned j = 0; j < tokens.size(); j++) {
+            if (tokens[j].val == "#" || tokens[j].val == "//") break;
+            tokens2.push_back(tokens[j]);
+        }
+        bool expectingChildBlock = false;
+        if (tokens2.size() > 0 && tokens2.back().val == ":") {
+            tokens2.pop_back();
+            expectingChildBlock = true;
+        }
+        // Parse current line
+        Node out = parseSerpentTokenStream(tokens2);
+        // Parse child block
+        int childIndent = 999999;
+        std::vector<std::string> childBlock;
+        while (1) {
+			i++;
+			if (i >= lines.size())
+				break;
+            bool ile = isLineEmpty(lines[i]);
+            if (!ile) {
+                int spaces = spaceCount(lines[i]);
+                if (spaces <= sp) break;
+                childBlock.push_back(lines[i]);
+                if (spaces < childIndent) childIndent = spaces;
+            }
+            else childBlock.push_back("");
+        }
+        // Child block empty?
+        bool cbe = true;
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < childBlock.size(); i++) {
+            if (childBlock[i].length() > 0) { cbe = false; break; }
+        }
+        // Add child block to AST
+        if (expectingChildBlock) {
+            if (cbe)
+                err("Expected indented child block!", out.metadata);
+            out.type = ASTNODE;
+            metadata.ln += 1;
+            out.args.push_back(parseLines(childBlock, metadata, childIndent));
+            metadata.ln -= 1;
+        }
+        else if (!cbe)
+            err("Did not expect indented child block!", out.metadata);
+        else if (out.args.size() && out.args[out.args.size() - 1].val == ":") {
+            Node n = out.args[out.args.size() - 1];
+            out.args.pop_back();
+            out.args.push_back(n.args[0]);
+            out.args.push_back(n.args[1]);
+        }
+        // Bring back if / elif into AST
+        if (bodied(tokens[0].val)) {
+            if (out.val != "multi") {
+                // token not being used in bodied form
+            }
+            else if (out.args[0].val == "id")
+                out = astnode(tokens[0].val, out.args[1].args, out.metadata);
+            else if (out.args[0].type == TOKEN) {
+                std::vector<Node> out2;
+                for (unsigned i = 1; i < out.args.size(); i++)
+                    out2.push_back(out.args[i]);
+                out = astnode(tokens[0].val, out2, out.metadata);
+            }
+            else
+                out = astnode("fun", out.args, out.metadata);
+        }
+        // Multi not supported
+        if (out.val == "multi")
+            err("Multiple expressions or unclosed bracket", out.metadata);
+        // Convert top-level colon expressions into non-colon expressions;
+        // makes if statements and the like equivalent indented or not
+        //if (out.val == ":" && out.args[0].type == TOKEN)
+        //    out = asn(out.args[0].val, out.args[1], out.metadata);
+        //if (bodied(tokens[0].val) && out.args[0].val == ":")
+        //    out = asn(tokens[0].val, out.args[0].args);
+        if (o.size() == 0 || o.back().type == TOKEN) {
+            o.push_back(out);
+            continue;
+        }
+        // This is a little complicated. Basically, the idea here is to build
+        // constructions like [if [< x 5] [a] [elif [< x 10] [b] [else [c]]]]
+        std::vector<Node> u;
+        u.push_back(o.back());
+        if (bodiedContinued(o.back().val, out.val)) {
+            while (1) {
+                if (!bodiedContinued(u.back().val, out.val)) {
+                    u.pop_back();
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (!u.back().args.size()
+                 || !bodiedContinued(u.back().val, u.back().args.back().val)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                u.push_back(u.back().args.back());
+            }
+            u.back().args.push_back(out);
+            while (u.size() > 1) {
+                Node v = u.back();
+                u.pop_back();
+                u.back().args.pop_back();
+                u.back().args.push_back(v);
+            }
+            o.pop_back();
+            o.push_back(u[0]);
+        }
+        else o.push_back(out);
+    }
+	if (o.size() == 1)
+		return o[0];
+	else if (o.size())
+		return astnode("seq", o, o[0].metadata);
+	else
+		return astnode("seq", o, Metadata());
+}
+
+// Parses serpent code
+Node parseSerpent(std::string s) {
+    std::string input = s;
+    std::string file = "main";
+    if (exists(s)) {
+        file = s;
+        input = get_file_contents(s);
+    }
+    return parseLines(splitLines(input), Metadata(file, 0, 0), 0);
+}
+
+
+using namespace std;
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3632220a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_PARSER
+#define ETHSERP_PARSER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Serpent text -> parse tree
+Node parseSerpent(std::string s);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f08ea8b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "rewriteutils.h"
+#include "optimize.h"
+#include "preprocess.h"
+#include "functions.h"
+#include "opcodes.h"
+
+// Convert a function of the form (def (f x y z) (do stuff)) into
+// (if (first byte of ABI is correct) (seq (setup x y z) (do stuff)))
+Node convFunction(Node node, int functionCount) {
+    std::string prefix = "_temp"+mkUniqueToken()+"_";
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+
+    if (node.args.size() != 2)
+        err("Malformed def!", m);
+    // Collect the list of variable names and variable byte counts
+    Node unpack = unpackArguments(node.args[0].args, m);
+    // And the actual code
+    Node body = node.args[1];
+    // Main LLL-based function body
+    return astnode("if",
+                   astnode("eq",
+                           astnode("get", token("__funid", m), m),
+                           token(unsignedToDecimal(functionCount), m),
+                           m),
+                   astnode("seq", unpack, body, m));
+}
+
+// Populate an svObj with the arguments needed to determine
+// the storage position of a node
+svObj getStorageVars(svObj pre, Node node, std::string prefix,
+                     int index) {
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    if (!pre.globalOffset.size()) pre.globalOffset = "0";
+    std::vector<Node> h;
+    std::vector<std::string> coefficients;
+    // Array accesses or atoms
+    if (node.val == "access" || node.type == TOKEN) {
+        std::string tot = "1";
+        h = listfyStorageAccess(node);
+        coefficients.push_back("1");
+        for (unsigned i = h.size() - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
+            // Array sizes must be constant or at least arithmetically
+            // evaluable at compile time
+            if (!isPureArithmetic(h[i]))
+                err("Array size must be fixed value", m);
+            // Create a list of the coefficient associated with each
+            // array index
+            coefficients.push_back(decimalMul(coefficients.back(), h[i].val));
+        }
+    }
+    // Tuples
+    else {
+        int startc;
+        // Handle the (fun <fun_astnode> args...) case
+        if (node.val == "fun") {
+            startc = 1;
+            h = listfyStorageAccess(node.args[0]);
+        }
+        // Handle the (<fun_name> args...) case, which
+        // the serpent parser produces when the function
+        // is a simple name and not a complex astnode
+        else {
+            startc = 0;
+            h = listfyStorageAccess(token(node.val, m));
+        }
+        svObj sub = pre;
+        sub.globalOffset = "0";
+        // Evaluate tuple elements recursively
+        for (unsigned i = startc; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+            sub = getStorageVars(sub,
+                                 node.args[i],
+                                 prefix+h[0].val.substr(2)+".",
+                                 i-startc);
+        }
+        coefficients.push_back(sub.globalOffset);
+        for (unsigned i = h.size() - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
+            // Array sizes must be constant or at least arithmetically
+            // evaluable at compile time
+            if (!isPureArithmetic(h[i]))
+               err("Array size must be fixed value", m);
+            // Create a list of the coefficient associated with each
+            // array index
+            coefficients.push_back(decimalMul(coefficients.back(), h[i].val));
+        }
+        pre.offsets = sub.offsets;
+        pre.coefficients = sub.coefficients;
+        pre.nonfinal = sub.nonfinal;
+        pre.nonfinal[prefix+h[0].val.substr(2)] = true;
+    }
+    pre.coefficients[prefix+h[0].val.substr(2)] = coefficients;
+    pre.offsets[prefix+h[0].val.substr(2)] = pre.globalOffset;
+    pre.indices[prefix+h[0].val.substr(2)] = index;
+    if (decimalGt(tt176, coefficients.back()))
+        pre.globalOffset = decimalAdd(pre.globalOffset, coefficients.back());
+    return pre;
+}
+
+// Preprocess input containing functions
+//
+// localExterns is a map of the form, eg,
+//
+// { x: { foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2 }, y: { qux: 0, foo: 1 } ... }
+//
+// localExternSigs is a map of the form, eg,
+//
+// { x : { foo: iii, bar: iis, baz: ia }, y: { qux: i, foo: as } ... }
+//
+// Signifying that x.foo = 0, x.baz = 2, y.foo = 1, etc
+// and that x.foo has three integers as arguments, x.bar has two
+// integers and a variable-length string, and baz has an integer
+// and an array
+//
+// globalExterns is a one-level map, eg from above
+//
+// { foo: 1, bar: 1, baz: 2, qux: 0 }
+//
+// globalExternSigs is a one-level map, eg from above
+//
+// { foo: as, bar: iis, baz: ia, qux: i}
+//
+// Note that globalExterns and globalExternSigs may be ambiguous
+// Also, a null signature implies an infinite tail of integers
+preprocessResult preprocessInit(Node inp) {
+    Metadata m = inp.metadata;
+    if (inp.val != "seq")
+        inp = astnode("seq", inp, m);
+    std::vector<Node> empty = std::vector<Node>();
+    Node init = astnode("seq", empty, m);
+    Node shared = astnode("seq", empty, m);
+    std::vector<Node> any;
+    std::vector<Node> functions;
+    preprocessAux out = preprocessAux();
+    out.localExterns["self"] = std::map<std::string, int>();
+    int functionCount = 0;
+    int storageDataCount = 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.args.size(); i++) {
+        Node obj = inp.args[i];
+        // Functions
+        if (obj.val == "def") {
+            if (obj.args.size() == 0)
+                err("Empty def", m);
+            std::string funName = obj.args[0].val;
+            // Init, shared and any are special functions
+            if (funName == "init" || funName == "shared" || funName == "any") {
+                if (obj.args[0].args.size())
+                    err(funName+" cannot have arguments", m);
+            }
+            if (funName == "init") init = obj.args[1];
+            else if (funName == "shared") shared = obj.args[1];
+            else if (funName == "any") any.push_back(obj.args[1]);
+            else {
+                // Other functions
+                functions.push_back(convFunction(obj, functionCount));
+                out.localExterns["self"][obj.args[0].val] = functionCount;
+                out.localExternSigs["self"][obj.args[0].val] 
+                    = getSignature(obj.args[0].args);
+                functionCount++;
+            }
+        }
+        // Extern declarations
+        else if (obj.val == "extern") {
+            std::string externName = obj.args[0].val;
+            Node al = obj.args[1];
+            if (!out.localExterns.count(externName))
+                out.localExterns[externName] = std::map<std::string, int>();
+            for (unsigned i = 0; i < al.args.size(); i++) {
+                if (al.args[i].val == ":") {
+                    std::string v = al.args[i].args[0].val;
+                    std::string sig = al.args[i].args[1].val;
+                    out.globalExterns[v] = i;
+                    out.globalExternSigs[v] = sig;
+                    out.localExterns[externName][v] = i;
+                    out.localExternSigs[externName][v] = sig;
+                }
+                else {
+                    std::string v = al.args[i].val;
+                    out.globalExterns[v] = i;
+                    out.globalExternSigs[v] = "";
+                    out.localExterns[externName][v] = i;
+                    out.localExternSigs[externName][v] = "";
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Custom macros
+        else if (obj.val == "macro") {
+            // Rules for valid macros:
+            //
+            // There are only four categories of valid macros:
+            //
+            // 1. a macro where the outer function is something
+            // which is NOT an existing valid function/extern/datum
+            // 2. a macro of the form set(c(x), d) where c must NOT
+            // be an existing valid function/extern/datum
+            // 3. something of the form access(c(x)), where c must NOT
+            // be an existing valid function/extern/datum
+            // 4. something of the form set(access(c(x)), d) where c must
+            // NOT be an existing valid function/extern/datum
+            bool valid = false;
+            Node pattern = obj.args[0];
+            Node substitution = obj.args[1];
+            if (opcode(pattern.val) < 0 && !isValidFunctionName(pattern.val))
+                valid = true;
+            if (pattern.val == "set" &&
+                    opcode(pattern.args[0].val) < 0 &&
+                    !isValidFunctionName(pattern.args[0].val))
+                valid = true;
+            if (pattern.val == "access" &&
+                    opcode(pattern.args[0].val) < 0 &&
+                    !isValidFunctionName(pattern.args[0].val))
+            if (pattern.val == "set" &&
+                    pattern.args[0].val == "access" &&
+                    opcode(pattern.args[0].args[0].val) < 0 &&
+                    !isValidFunctionName(pattern.args[0].args[0].val))
+                valid = true;
+            if (valid) {
+                out.customMacros.push_back(rewriteRule(pattern, substitution));
+            }
+        }
+        // Variable types
+        else if (obj.val == "type") {
+            std::string typeName = obj.args[0].val;
+            std::vector<Node> vars = obj.args[1].args;
+            for (unsigned i = 0; i < vars.size(); i++)
+                out.types[vars[i].val] = typeName;
+        }
+        // Storage variables/structures
+        else if (obj.val == "data") {
+            out.storageVars = getStorageVars(out.storageVars,
+                                             obj.args[0],
+                                             "",
+                                             storageDataCount);
+            storageDataCount += 1;
+        }
+        else any.push_back(obj);
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> main;
+    if (shared.args.size()) main.push_back(shared);
+    if (init.args.size()) main.push_back(init);
+
+    std::vector<Node> code;
+    if (shared.args.size()) code.push_back(shared);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < any.size(); i++)
+        code.push_back(any[i]);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < functions.size(); i++)
+        code.push_back(functions[i]);
+    Node codeNode;
+    if (functions.size() > 0) {
+        codeNode = astnode("with",
+                           token("__funid", m),
+                           astnode("byte",
+                                   token("0", m),
+                                   astnode("calldataload", token("0", m), m),
+                                   m),
+                           astnode("seq", code, m),
+                           m);
+    }
+    else codeNode = astnode("seq", code, m);
+    main.push_back(astnode("~return",
+                           token("0", m),
+                           astnode("lll",
+                                   codeNode,
+                                   token("0", m),
+                                   m),
+                           m));
+
+
+    Node result;
+    if (main.size() == 1) result = main[0];
+    else result = astnode("seq", main, inp.metadata);
+    return preprocessResult(result, out);
+}
+
+preprocessResult processTypes (preprocessResult pr) {
+    preprocessAux aux = pr.second;
+    Node node = pr.first;
+    if (node.type == TOKEN && aux.types.count(node.val)) {
+        node = asn(aux.types[node.val], node, node.metadata);
+    }
+    else if (node.val == "untyped")
+        return preprocessResult(node.args[0], aux);
+    else {
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+            node.args[i] =
+                processTypes(preprocessResult(node.args[i], aux)).first;
+        }
+    }
+    return preprocessResult(node, aux);
+}
+
+preprocessResult preprocess(Node n) {
+    return processTypes(preprocessInit(n));
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..944436aef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/preprocess.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_PREPROCESSOR
+#define ETHSERP_PREPROCESSOR
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Storage variable index storing object
+struct svObj {
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> offsets;
+    std::map<std::string, int> indices;
+    std::map<std::string, std::vector<std::string> > coefficients;
+    std::map<std::string, bool> nonfinal;
+    std::string globalOffset;
+};
+
+class rewriteRule {
+    public:
+        rewriteRule(Node p, Node s) {
+            pattern = p;
+            substitution = s;
+        }
+        Node pattern;
+        Node substitution;
+};
+
+
+// Preprocessing result storing object
+class preprocessAux {
+    public:
+        preprocessAux() {
+            globalExterns = std::map<std::string, int>();
+            localExterns = std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, int> >();
+            localExterns["self"] = std::map<std::string, int>();
+        }
+        std::map<std::string, int> globalExterns;
+        std::map<std::string, std::string> globalExternSigs;
+        std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, int> > localExterns;
+        std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, std::string> > localExternSigs;
+        std::vector<rewriteRule> customMacros;
+        std::map<std::string, std::string> types;
+        svObj storageVars;
+};
+
+#define preprocessResult std::pair<Node, preprocessAux>
+
+// Populate an svObj with the arguments needed to determine
+// the storage position of a node
+svObj getStorageVars(svObj pre, Node node, std::string prefix="",
+                     int index=0);
+
+// Preprocess a function (see cpp for details)
+preprocessResult preprocess(Node inp);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38398aa46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include <Python.h>
+#include "structmember.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include "funcs.h"
+
+#define PYMETHOD(name, FROM, method, TO) \
+    static PyObject * name(PyObject *, PyObject *args) { \
+        try { \
+        FROM(med) \
+        return TO(method(med)); \
+        } \
+        catch (std::string e) { \
+           PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, e.c_str()); \
+           return NULL; \
+        } \
+    }
+
+#define FROMSTR(v) \
+    const char *command; \
+    int len; \
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &command, &len)) \
+        return NULL; \
+    std::string v = std::string(command, len); \
+
+#define FROMNODE(v) \
+    PyObject *node; \
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &node)) \
+        return NULL; \
+    Node v = cppifyNode(node);
+
+#define FROMLIST(v) \
+    PyObject *node; \
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &node)) \
+        return NULL; \
+    std::vector<Node> v = cppifyNodeList(node);
+
+// Convert metadata into python wrapper form [file, ln, ch]
+PyObject* pyifyMetadata(Metadata m) {
+    PyObject* a = PyList_New(0);
+    PyList_Append(a, Py_BuildValue("s#", m.file.c_str(), m.file.length()));
+    PyList_Append(a, Py_BuildValue("i", m.ln));
+    PyList_Append(a, Py_BuildValue("i", m.ch));
+    return a;
+}
+
+// Convert node into python wrapper form 
+// [token=0/astnode=1, val, metadata, args]
+PyObject* pyifyNode(Node n) {
+    PyObject* a = PyList_New(0);
+    PyList_Append(a, Py_BuildValue("i", n.type == ASTNODE));
+    PyList_Append(a, Py_BuildValue("s#", n.val.c_str(), n.val.length()));
+    PyList_Append(a, pyifyMetadata(n.metadata));
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < n.args.size(); i++)
+        PyList_Append(a, pyifyNode(n.args[i]));
+    return a;
+}
+
+// Convert string into python wrapper form
+PyObject* pyifyString(std::string s) {
+    return Py_BuildValue("s#", s.c_str(), s.length());
+}
+
+// Convert list of nodes into python wrapper form
+PyObject* pyifyNodeList(std::vector<Node> n) {
+    PyObject* a = PyList_New(0);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < n.size(); i++)
+        PyList_Append(a, pyifyNode(n[i]));
+    return a;
+}
+
+// Convert pyobject int into normal form
+int cppifyInt(PyObject* o) {
+    int out;
+    if (!PyArg_Parse(o, "i", &out))
+        err("Argument should be integer", Metadata());
+    return out;
+}
+
+// Convert pyobject string into normal form
+std::string cppifyString(PyObject* o) {
+    const char *command;
+    if (!PyArg_Parse(o, "s", &command))
+        err("Argument should be string", Metadata());
+    return std::string(command);
+}
+
+// Convert metadata from python wrapper form
+Metadata cppifyMetadata(PyObject* o) {
+    std::string file = cppifyString(PyList_GetItem(o, 0));
+    int ln = cppifyInt(PyList_GetItem(o, 1));
+    int ch = cppifyInt(PyList_GetItem(o, 2));
+    return Metadata(file, ln, ch);
+}
+
+// Convert node from python wrapper form
+Node cppifyNode(PyObject* o) {
+    Node n;
+    int isAstNode = cppifyInt(PyList_GetItem(o, 0));
+    n.type = isAstNode ? ASTNODE : TOKEN;
+    n.val = cppifyString(PyList_GetItem(o, 1));
+    n.metadata = cppifyMetadata(PyList_GetItem(o, 2));
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    for (int i = 3; i < PyList_Size(o); i++) {
+        args.push_back(cppifyNode(PyList_GetItem(o, i)));
+    }
+    n.args = args;
+    return n;
+}
+
+//Convert list of nodes into normal form
+std::vector<Node> cppifyNodeList(PyObject* o) {
+    std::vector<Node> out;
+    for (int i = 0; i < PyList_Size(o); i++) {
+        out.push_back(cppifyNode(PyList_GetItem(o,i)));
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+PYMETHOD(ps_compile, FROMSTR, compile, pyifyString)
+PYMETHOD(ps_compile_chunk, FROMSTR, compileChunk, pyifyString)
+PYMETHOD(ps_compile_to_lll, FROMSTR, compileToLLL, pyifyNode)
+PYMETHOD(ps_compile_chunk_to_lll, FROMSTR, compileChunkToLLL, pyifyNode)
+PYMETHOD(ps_compile_lll, FROMNODE, compileLLL, pyifyString)
+PYMETHOD(ps_parse, FROMSTR, parseSerpent, pyifyNode)
+PYMETHOD(ps_rewrite, FROMNODE, rewrite, pyifyNode)
+PYMETHOD(ps_rewrite_chunk, FROMNODE, rewriteChunk, pyifyNode)
+PYMETHOD(ps_pretty_compile, FROMSTR, prettyCompile, pyifyNodeList)
+PYMETHOD(ps_pretty_compile_chunk, FROMSTR, prettyCompileChunk, pyifyNodeList)
+PYMETHOD(ps_pretty_compile_lll, FROMNODE, prettyCompileLLL, pyifyNodeList)
+PYMETHOD(ps_serialize, FROMLIST, serialize, pyifyString)
+PYMETHOD(ps_deserialize, FROMSTR, deserialize, pyifyNodeList)
+PYMETHOD(ps_parse_lll, FROMSTR, parseLLL, pyifyNode)
+
+
+static PyMethodDef PyextMethods[] = {
+    {"compile",  ps_compile, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile code."},
+    {"compile_chunk",  ps_compile_chunk, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile code chunk (no wrappers)."},
+    {"compile_to_lll",  ps_compile_to_lll, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile code to LLL."},
+    {"compile_chunk_to_lll",  ps_compile_chunk_to_lll, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile code chunk to LLL (no wrappers)."},
+    {"compile_lll",  ps_compile_lll, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile LLL to EVM."},
+    {"parse",  ps_parse, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Parse serpent"},
+    {"rewrite",  ps_rewrite, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Rewrite parsed serpent to LLL"},
+    {"rewrite_chunk",  ps_rewrite_chunk, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Rewrite parsed serpent to LLL (no wrappers)"},
+    {"pretty_compile",  ps_pretty_compile, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile to EVM opcodes"},
+    {"pretty_compile_chunk",  ps_pretty_compile_chunk, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile chunk to EVM opcodes (no wrappers)"},
+    {"pretty_compile_lll",  ps_pretty_compile_lll, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Compile LLL to EVM opcodes"},
+    {"serialize",  ps_serialize, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Convert EVM opcodes to bin"},
+    {"deserialize",  ps_deserialize, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Convert EVM bin to opcodes"},
+    {"parse_lll",  ps_parse_lll, METH_VARARGS,
+        "Parse LLL"},
+    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}        /* Sentinel */
+};
+
+PyMODINIT_FUNC initserpent_pyext(void)
+{
+     Py_InitModule( "serpent_pyext", PyextMethods );
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2103b48fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/pyserpent.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from serpent import *
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4cdce4f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,804 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "optimize.h"
+#include "rewriteutils.h"
+#include "preprocess.h"
+#include "functions.h"
+#include "opcodes.h"
+
+// Rewrite rules
+std::string macros[][2] = {
+    {
+        "(seq $x)",
+        "$x"
+    },
+    {
+        "(seq (seq) $x)",
+        "$x"
+    },
+    {
+        "(+= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (+ $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(*= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (* $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(-= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (- $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(/= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (/ $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(%= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (% $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(^= $a $b)",
+        "(set $a (^ $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(!= $a $b)",
+        "(iszero (eq $a $b))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(assert $x)",
+        "(unless $x (stop))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(min $a $b)",
+        "(with $1 $a (with $2 $b (if (lt $1 $2) $1 $2)))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(max $a $b)",
+        "(with $1 $a (with $2 $b (if (lt $1 $2) $2 $1)))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(smin $a $b)",
+        "(with $1 $a (with $2 $b (if (slt $1 $2) $1 $2)))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(smax $a $b)",
+        "(with $1 $a (with $2 $b (if (slt $1 $2) $2 $1)))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(if $cond $do (else $else))",
+        "(if $cond $do $else)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(code $code)",
+        "$code"
+    },
+    {
+        "(slice $arr $pos)",
+        "(add $arr (mul 32 $pos))",
+    },
+    {
+        "(array $len)",
+        "(alloc (mul 32 $len))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(while $cond $do)",
+        "(until (iszero $cond) $do)",
+    },
+    {
+        "(while (iszero $cond) $do)",
+        "(until $cond $do)",
+    },
+    {
+        "(if $cond $do)",
+        "(unless (iszero $cond) $do)",
+    },
+    {
+        "(if (iszero $cond) $do)",
+        "(unless $cond $do)",
+    },
+    {
+        "(access (. self storage) $ind)",
+        "(sload $ind)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(access $var $ind)",
+        "(mload (add $var (mul 32 $ind)))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(set (access (. self storage) $ind) $val)",
+        "(sstore $ind $val)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(set (access $var $ind) $val)",
+        "(mstore (add $var (mul 32 $ind)) $val)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(getch $var $ind)",
+        "(mod (mload (sub (add $var $ind) 31)) 256)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(setch $var $ind $val)",
+        "(mstore8 (add $var $ind) $val)",
+    },
+    {
+        "(send $to $value)",
+        "(~call (sub (gas) 25) $to $value 0 0 0 0)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(send $gas $to $value)",
+        "(~call $gas $to $value 0 0 0 0)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha3 $x)",
+        "(seq (set $1 $x) (~sha3 (ref $1) 32))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha3 $mstart (= chars $msize))",
+        "(~sha3 $mstart $msize)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha3 $mstart $msize)",
+        "(~sha3 $mstart (mul 32 $msize))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(id $0)",
+        "$0"
+    },
+    {
+        "(return $x)",
+        "(seq (set $1 $x) (~return (ref $1) 32))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(return $mstart (= chars $msize))",
+        "(~return $mstart $msize)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(return $start $len)",
+        "(~return $start (mul 32 $len))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(&& $x $y)",
+        "(if $x $y 0)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(|| $x $y)",
+        "(with $1 $x (if $1 $1 $y))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(>= $x $y)",
+        "(iszero (slt $x $y))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(<= $x $y)",
+        "(iszero (sgt $x $y))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(create $code)",
+        "(create 0 $code)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(create $endowment $code)",
+        "(with $1 (msize) (create $endowment (get $1) (lll (outer $code) (msize))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha256 $x)",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 64) (seq (mstore (add (get $1) 32) $x) (pop (~call 101 2 0 (add (get $1) 32) 32 (get $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha256 $arr (= chars $sz))",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 32) (seq (pop (~call 101 2 0 $arr $sz (get $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(sha256 $arr $sz)",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 32) (seq (pop (~call 101 2 0 $arr (mul 32 $sz) (get $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(ripemd160 $x)",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 64) (seq (mstore (add (get $1) 32) $x) (pop (~call 101 3 0 (add (get $1) 32) 32 (get $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(ripemd160 $arr (= chars $sz))",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 32) (seq (pop (~call 101 3 0 $arr $sz (mload $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(ripemd160 $arr $sz)",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 32) (seq (pop (~call 101 3 0 $arr (mul 32 $sz) (get $1) 32)) (mload (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(ecrecover $h $v $r $s)",
+        "(with $1 (alloc 160) (seq (mstore (get $1) $h) (mstore (add (get $1) 32) $v) (mstore (add (get $1) 64) $r) (mstore (add (get $1) 96) $s) (pop (~call 101 1 0 (get $1) 128 (add (get $1 128)) 32)) (mload (add (get $1) 128))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(inset $x)",
+        "$x"
+    },
+    {
+        "(create $x)",
+        "(with $1 (msize) (create $val (get $1) (lll $code (get $1))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(with (= $var $val) $cond)",
+        "(with $var $val $cond)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(log $t1)",
+        "(~log1 0 0 $t1)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(log $t1 $t2)",
+        "(~log2 0 0 $t1 $t2)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(log $t1 $t2 $t3)",
+        "(~log3 0 0 $t1 $t2 $t3)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(log $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4)",
+        "(~log4 0 0 $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(logarr $a $sz)",
+        "(~log0 $a (mul 32 $sz))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(logarr $a $sz $t1)",
+        "(~log1 $a (mul 32 $sz) $t1)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(logarr $a $sz $t1 $t2)",
+        "(~log2 $a (mul 32 $sz) $t1 $t2)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(logarr $a $sz $t1 $t2 $t3)",
+        "(~log3 $a (mul 32 $sz) $t1 $t2 $t3)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(logarr $a $sz $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4)",
+        "(~log4 $a (mul 32 $sz) $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4)"
+    },
+    {
+        "(save $loc $array (= chars $count))",
+        "(with $location (ref $loc) (with $c $count (with $end (div $c 32) (with $i 0 (seq (while (slt $i $end) (seq (sstore (add $i $location) (access $array $i)) (set $i (add $i 1)))) (sstore (add $i $location) (~and (access $array $i) (sub 0 (exp 256 (sub 32 (mod $c 32)))))))))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(save $loc $array $count)",
+        "(with $location (ref $loc) (with $end $count (with $i 0 (while (slt $i $end) (seq (sstore (add $i $location) (access $array $i)) (set $i (add $i 1)))))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(load $loc (= chars $count))",
+        "(with $location (ref $loc) (with $c $count (with $a (alloc $c) (with $i 0 (seq (while (slt $i (div $c 32)) (seq (set (access $a $i) (sload (add $location $i))) (set $i (add $i 1)))) (set (access $a $i) (~and (sload (add $location $i)) (sub 0 (exp 256 (sub 32 (mod $c 32)))))) $a)))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(load $loc $count)",
+        "(with $location (ref $loc) (with $c $count (with $a (alloc $c) (with $i 0 (seq (while (slt $i $c) (seq (set (access $a $i) (sload (add $location $i))) (set $i (add $i 1)))) $a)))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(unsafe_mcopy $to $from $sz)",
+        "(with _sz $sz (with _from $from (with _to $to (seq (comment STARTING UNSAFE MCOPY) (with _i 0 (while (lt _i _sz) (seq (mstore (add $to _i) (mload (add _from _i))) (set _i (add _i 32)))))))))"
+    },
+    {
+        "(mcopy $to $from $_sz)",
+        "(with _to $to (with _from $from (with _sz $sz (seq (comment STARTING MCOPY (with _i 0 (seq (while (lt (add _i 31) _sz) (seq (mstore (add _to _i) (mload (add _from _i))) (set _i (add _i 32)))) (with _mask (exp 256 (sub 32 (mod _sz 32))) (mstore (add $to _i) (add (mod (mload (add $to _i)) _mask) (and (mload (add $from _i)) (sub 0 _mask))))))))))))"
+    },
+    { "(. msg sender)", "(caller)" },
+    { "(. msg value)", "(callvalue)" },
+    { "(. tx gasprice)", "(gasprice)" },
+    { "(. tx origin)", "(origin)" },
+    { "(. tx gas)", "(gas)" },
+    { "(. $x balance)", "(balance $x)" },
+    { "self", "(address)" },
+    { "(. block prevhash)", "(prevhash)" },
+    { "(. block coinbase)", "(coinbase)" },
+    { "(. block timestamp)", "(timestamp)" },
+    { "(. block number)", "(number)" },
+    { "(. block difficulty)", "(difficulty)" },
+    { "(. block gaslimit)", "(gaslimit)" },
+    { "stop", "(stop)" },
+    { "---END---", "" } //Keep this line at the end of the list
+};
+
+std::vector<rewriteRule> nodeMacros;
+
+// Token synonyms
+std::string synonyms[][2] = {
+    { "or", "||" },
+    { "and", "&&" },
+    { "|", "~or" },
+    { "&", "~and" },
+    { "elif", "if" },
+    { "!", "iszero" },
+    { "~", "~not" },
+    { "not", "iszero" },
+    { "string", "alloc" },
+    { "+", "add" },
+    { "-", "sub" },
+    { "*", "mul" },
+    { "/", "sdiv" },
+    { "^", "exp" },
+    { "**", "exp" },
+    { "%", "smod" },
+    { "<", "slt" },
+    { ">", "sgt" },
+    { "=", "set" },
+    { "==", "eq" },
+    { ":", "kv" },
+    { "---END---", "" } //Keep this line at the end of the list
+};
+
+// Custom setters (need to be registered separately
+// for use with managed storage)
+std::string setters[][2] = {
+    { "+=", "+" },
+    { "-=", "-" },
+    { "*=", "*" },
+    { "/=", "/" },
+    { "%=", "%" },
+    { "^=", "^" },
+    { "---END---", "" } //Keep this line at the end of the list
+};
+
+// Processes mutable array literals
+Node array_lit_transform(Node node) {
+    std::string prefix = "_temp"+mkUniqueToken() + "_";
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    std::map<std::string, Node> d;
+    std::string o = "(seq (set $arr (alloc "+utd(node.args.size()*32)+"))";
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+        o += " (mstore (add (get $arr) "+utd(i * 32)+") $"+utd(i)+")";
+        d[utd(i)] = node.args[i];
+    }
+    o += " (get $arr))";
+    return subst(parseLLL(o), d, prefix, m);
+}
+
+
+Node apply_rules(preprocessResult pr);
+
+// Transform "<variable>.<fun>(args...)" into
+// a call
+Node dotTransform(Node node, preprocessAux aux) {
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    // We're gonna make lots of temporary variables,
+    // so set up a unique flag for them
+    std::string prefix = "_temp"+mkUniqueToken()+"_";
+    // Check that the function name is a token
+    if (node.args[0].args[1].type == ASTNODE)
+        err("Function name must be static", m);
+
+    Node dotOwner = node.args[0].args[0];
+    std::string dotMember = node.args[0].args[1].val;
+    // kwargs = map of special arguments
+    std::map<std::string, Node> kwargs;
+    kwargs["value"] = token("0", m);
+    kwargs["gas"] = subst(parseLLL("(- (gas) 25)"), msn(), prefix, m);
+    // Search for as=? and call=code keywords, and isolate the actual
+    // function arguments
+    std::vector<Node> fnargs;
+    std::string as = "";
+    std::string op = "call";
+    for (unsigned i = 1; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+        fnargs.push_back(node.args[i]);
+        Node arg = fnargs.back();
+        if (arg.val == "=" || arg.val == "set") {
+            if (arg.args[0].val == "as")
+                as = arg.args[1].val;
+            if (arg.args[0].val == "call" && arg.args[1].val == "code")
+                op = "callcode";
+            if (arg.args[0].val == "gas")
+                kwargs["gas"] = arg.args[1];
+            if (arg.args[0].val == "value")
+                kwargs["value"] = arg.args[1];
+            if (arg.args[0].val == "outsz")
+                kwargs["outsz"] = arg.args[1];
+        }
+    }
+    if (dotOwner.val == "self") {
+        if (as.size()) err("Cannot use \"as\" when calling self!", m);
+        as = dotOwner.val;
+    }
+    // Determine the funId and sig assuming the "as" keyword was used
+    int funId = 0;
+    std::string sig;
+    if (as.size() > 0 && aux.localExterns.count(as)) {
+        if (!aux.localExterns[as].count(dotMember))
+            err("Invalid call: "+printSimple(dotOwner)+"."+dotMember, m);
+        funId = aux.localExterns[as][dotMember];
+        sig = aux.localExternSigs[as][dotMember];
+    }
+    // Determine the funId and sig otherwise
+    else if (!as.size()) {
+        if (!aux.globalExterns.count(dotMember))
+            err("Invalid call: "+printSimple(dotOwner)+"."+dotMember, m);
+        std::string key = unsignedToDecimal(aux.globalExterns[dotMember]);
+        funId = aux.globalExterns[dotMember];
+        sig = aux.globalExternSigs[dotMember];
+    }
+    else err("Invalid call: "+printSimple(dotOwner)+"."+dotMember, m);
+    // Pack arguments
+    kwargs["data"] = packArguments(fnargs, sig, funId, m);
+    kwargs["to"] = dotOwner;
+    Node main;
+    // Pack output
+    if (!kwargs.count("outsz")) {
+        main = parseLLL(
+            "(with _data $data (seq "
+                "(pop (~"+op+" $gas $to $value (access _data 0) (access _data 1) (ref $dataout) 32))"
+                "(get $dataout)))");
+    }
+    else {
+        main = parseLLL(
+            "(with _data $data (with _outsz (mul 32 $outsz) (with _out (alloc _outsz) (seq "
+                "(pop (~"+op+" $gas $to $value (access _data 0) (access _data 1) _out _outsz))"
+                "(get _out)))))");
+    }
+    // Set up main call
+
+    Node o = subst(main, kwargs, prefix, m);
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Transform an access of the form self.bob, self.users[5], etc into
+// a storage access
+//
+// There exist two types of objects: finite objects, and infinite
+// objects. Finite objects are packed optimally tightly into storage
+// accesses; for example:
+//
+// data obj[100](a, b[2][4], c)
+//
+// obj[0].a -> 0
+// obj[0].b[0][0] -> 1
+// obj[0].b[1][3] -> 8
+// obj[45].c -> 459
+//
+// Infinite objects are accessed by sha3([v1, v2, v3 ... ]), where
+// the values are a list of array indices and keyword indices, for
+// example:
+// data obj[](a, b[2][4], c)
+// data obj2[](a, b[][], c)
+//
+// obj[0].a -> sha3([0, 0, 0])
+// obj[5].b[1][3] -> sha3([0, 5, 1, 1, 3])
+// obj[45].c -> sha3([0, 45, 2])
+// obj2[0].a -> sha3([1, 0, 0])
+// obj2[5].b[1][3] -> sha3([1, 5, 1, 1, 3])
+// obj2[45].c -> sha3([1, 45, 2])
+Node storageTransform(Node node, preprocessAux aux,
+                      bool mapstyle=false, bool ref=false) {
+    Metadata m = node.metadata;
+    // Get a list of all of the "access parameters" used in order
+    // eg. self.users[5].cow[4][m[2]][woof] -> 
+    //         [--self, --users, 5, --cow, 4, m[2], woof]
+    std::vector<Node> hlist = listfyStorageAccess(node);
+    // For infinite arrays, the terms array will just provide a list
+    // of indices. For finite arrays, it's a list of index*coefficient
+    std::vector<Node> terms;
+    std::string offset = "0";
+    std::string prefix = "";
+    std::string varPrefix = "_temp"+mkUniqueToken()+"_";
+    int c = 0;
+    std::vector<std::string> coefficients;
+    coefficients.push_back("");
+    for (unsigned i = 1; i < hlist.size(); i++) {
+        // We pre-add the -- flag to parameter-like terms. For example,
+        // self.users[m] -> [--self, --users, m]
+        // self.users.m -> [--self, --users, --m]
+        if (hlist[i].val.substr(0, 2) == "--") {
+            prefix += hlist[i].val.substr(2) + ".";
+            std::string tempPrefix = prefix.substr(0, prefix.size()-1);
+            if (!aux.storageVars.offsets.count(tempPrefix))
+                return node;
+            if (c < (signed)coefficients.size() - 1)
+                err("Too few array index lookups", m);
+            if (c > (signed)coefficients.size() - 1)
+                err("Too many array index lookups", m);
+            coefficients = aux.storageVars.coefficients[tempPrefix];
+            // If the size of an object exceeds 2^176, we make it an infinite
+            // array
+            if (decimalGt(coefficients.back(), tt176) && !mapstyle)
+                return storageTransform(node, aux, true, ref);
+            offset = decimalAdd(offset, aux.storageVars.offsets[tempPrefix]);
+            c = 0;
+            if (mapstyle)
+                terms.push_back(token(unsignedToDecimal(
+                    aux.storageVars.indices[tempPrefix])));
+        }
+        else if (mapstyle) {
+            terms.push_back(hlist[i]);
+            c += 1;
+        }
+        else {
+            if (c > (signed)coefficients.size() - 2)
+                err("Too many array index lookups", m);
+            terms.push_back(
+                astnode("mul", 
+                        hlist[i],
+                        token(coefficients[coefficients.size() - 2 - c], m),
+                        m));
+                                    
+            c += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (aux.storageVars.nonfinal.count(prefix.substr(0, prefix.size()-1)))
+        err("Storage variable access not deep enough", m);
+    if (c < (signed)coefficients.size() - 1) {
+        err("Too few array index lookups", m);
+    }
+    if (c > (signed)coefficients.size() - 1) {
+        err("Too many array index lookups", m);
+    }
+    Node o;
+    if (mapstyle) {
+        std::string t = "_temp_"+mkUniqueToken();
+        std::vector<Node> sub;
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < terms.size(); i++)
+            sub.push_back(asn("mstore",
+                              asn("add",
+                                  tkn(utd(i * 32), m),
+                                  asn("get", tkn(t+"pos", m), m),
+                                  m),
+                              terms[i],
+                              m));
+        sub.push_back(tkn(t+"pos", m));
+        Node main = asn("with",
+                        tkn(t+"pos", m),
+                        asn("alloc", tkn(utd(terms.size() * 32), m), m),
+                        asn("seq", sub, m),
+                        m);
+        Node sz = token(utd(terms.size() * 32), m);
+        o = astnode("~sha3",
+                    main,
+                    sz,
+                    m);
+    }
+    else {
+        // We add up all the index*coefficients
+        Node out = token(offset, node.metadata);
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < terms.size(); i++) {
+            std::vector<Node> temp;
+            temp.push_back(out);
+            temp.push_back(terms[i]);
+            out = astnode("add", temp, node.metadata);
+        }
+        o = out;
+    }
+    if (ref) return o;
+    else return astnode("sload", o, node.metadata);
+}
+
+
+// Recursively applies rewrite rules
+std::pair<Node, bool> apply_rules_iter(preprocessResult pr) {
+    bool changed = false;
+    Node node = pr.first;
+    // If the rewrite rules have not yet been parsed, parse them
+    if (!nodeMacros.size()) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 9999; i++) {
+            std::vector<Node> o;
+            if (macros[i][0] == "---END---") break;
+            nodeMacros.push_back(rewriteRule(
+                parseLLL(macros[i][0]),
+                parseLLL(macros[i][1])
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    // Assignment transformations
+    for (int i = 0; i < 9999; i++) {
+        if (setters[i][0] == "---END---") break;
+        if (node.val == setters[i][0]) {
+            node = astnode("=",
+                           node.args[0],
+                           astnode(setters[i][1],
+                                   node.args[0],
+                                   node.args[1],
+                                   node.metadata),
+                           node.metadata);
+        }
+    }
+    // Do nothing to macros
+    if (node.val == "macro") {
+        return std::pair<Node, bool>(node, changed);
+    }
+    // Ignore comments
+    if (node.val == "comment") {
+        return std::pair<Node, bool>(node, changed);
+    }
+    // Special storage transformation
+    if (isNodeStorageVariable(node)) {
+        node = storageTransform(node, pr.second);
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (node.val == "ref" && isNodeStorageVariable(node.args[0])) {
+        node = storageTransform(node.args[0], pr.second, false, true);
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (node.val == "=" && isNodeStorageVariable(node.args[0])) {
+        Node t = storageTransform(node.args[0], pr.second);
+        if (t.val == "sload") {
+            std::vector<Node> o;
+            o.push_back(t.args[0]);
+            o.push_back(node.args[1]);
+            node = astnode("sstore", o, node.metadata);
+        }
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    // Main code
+	unsigned pos = 0;
+    std::string prefix = "_temp"+mkUniqueToken()+"_";
+    while(1) {
+        if (synonyms[pos][0] == "---END---") {
+            break;
+        }
+        else if (node.type == ASTNODE && node.val == synonyms[pos][0]) {
+            node.val = synonyms[pos][1];
+            changed = true;
+        }
+        pos++;
+    }
+    for (pos = 0; pos < nodeMacros.size() + pr.second.customMacros.size(); pos++) {
+        rewriteRule macro = pos < nodeMacros.size() 
+                ? nodeMacros[pos] 
+                : pr.second.customMacros[pos - nodeMacros.size()];
+        matchResult mr = match(macro.pattern, node);
+        if (mr.success) {
+            node = subst(macro.substitution, mr.map, prefix, node.metadata);
+            std::pair<Node, bool> o =
+                 apply_rules_iter(preprocessResult(node, pr.second));
+            o.second = true;
+            return o;
+        }
+    }
+    // Special transformations
+    if (node.val == "outer") {
+        node = apply_rules(preprocess(node.args[0]));
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (node.val == "array_lit") {
+        node = array_lit_transform(node);
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (node.val == "fun" && node.args[0].val == ".") {
+        node = dotTransform(node, pr.second);
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (node.type == ASTNODE) {
+		unsigned i = 0;
+        if (node.val == "set" || node.val == "ref" 
+                || node.val == "get" || node.val == "with") {
+            if (node.args[0].val.size() > 0 && node.args[0].val[0] != '\'' 
+                    && node.args[0].type == TOKEN && node.args[0].val[0] != '$') {
+                node.args[0].val = "'" + node.args[0].val;
+                changed = true;
+            }
+            i = 1;
+        }
+        else if (node.val == "arglen") {
+            node.val = "get";
+            node.args[0].val = "'_len_" + node.args[0].val;
+            i = 1;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+        for (; i < node.args.size(); i++) {
+            std::pair<Node, bool> r =
+                apply_rules_iter(preprocessResult(node.args[i], pr.second));
+            node.args[i] = r.first;
+            changed = changed || r.second;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (node.type == TOKEN && !isNumberLike(node)) {
+        if (node.val.size() >= 2
+                && node.val[0] == '"'
+                && node.val[node.val.size() - 1] == '"') {
+            std::string bin = node.val.substr(1, node.val.size() - 2);
+            unsigned sz = bin.size();
+            std::vector<Node> o;
+            for (unsigned i = 0; i < sz; i += 32) {
+                std::string t = binToNumeric(bin.substr(i, 32));
+                if ((sz - i) < 32 && (sz - i) > 0) {
+                    while ((sz - i) < 32) {
+                        t = decimalMul(t, "256");
+                        i--;
+                    }
+                    i = sz;
+                }
+                o.push_back(token(t, node.metadata));
+            }
+            node = astnode("array_lit", o, node.metadata);
+            std::pair<Node, bool> r = 
+                apply_rules_iter(preprocessResult(node, pr.second));
+            node = r.first;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+        else if (node.val.size() && node.val[0] != '\'' && node.val[0] != '$') {
+            node.val = "'" + node.val;
+            std::vector<Node> args;
+            args.push_back(node);
+            std::string v = node.val.substr(1);
+            node = astnode("get", args, node.metadata);
+            changed = true;
+        }
+    }
+    return std::pair<Node, bool>(node, changed);
+}
+
+Node apply_rules(preprocessResult pr) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < pr.second.customMacros.size(); i++) {
+        pr.second.customMacros[i].pattern =
+            apply_rules(preprocessResult(pr.second.customMacros[i].pattern, preprocessAux()));
+    }
+    while (1) {
+        //std::cerr << printAST(pr.first) << 
+        // " " << pr.second.customMacros.size() << "\n";
+        std::pair<Node, bool> r = apply_rules_iter(pr);
+        if (!r.second) {
+            return r.first;
+        }
+        pr.first = r.first;
+    }
+}
+
+Node validate(Node inp) {
+    Metadata m = inp.metadata;
+    if (inp.type == ASTNODE) {
+        int i = 0;
+        while(validFunctions[i][0] != "---END---") {
+            if (inp.val == validFunctions[i][0]) {
+                std::string sz = unsignedToDecimal(inp.args.size());
+                if (decimalGt(validFunctions[i][1], sz)) {
+                    err("Too few arguments for "+inp.val, inp.metadata);   
+                }
+                if (decimalGt(sz, validFunctions[i][2])) {
+                    err("Too many arguments for "+inp.val, inp.metadata);   
+                }
+            }
+            i++;
+        }
+    }
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.args.size(); i++) validate(inp.args[i]);
+    return inp;
+}
+
+Node postValidate(Node inp) {
+    // This allows people to use ~x as a way of having functions with the same
+    // name and arity as macros; the idea is that ~x is a "final" form, and 
+    // should not be remacroed, but it is converted back at the end
+    if (inp.val.size() > 0 && inp.val[0] == '~') {
+        inp.val = inp.val.substr(1);
+    }
+    if (inp.type == ASTNODE) {
+        if (inp.val == ".")
+            err("Invalid object member (ie. a foo.bar not mapped to anything)",
+                inp.metadata);
+        else if (opcode(inp.val) >= 0) {
+            if ((signed)inp.args.size() < opinputs(inp.val))
+                err("Too few arguments for "+inp.val, inp.metadata);
+            if ((signed)inp.args.size() > opinputs(inp.val))
+                err("Too many arguments for "+inp.val, inp.metadata);
+        }
+        else if (isValidLLLFunc(inp.val, inp.args.size())) {
+            // do nothing
+        }
+        else err ("Invalid argument count or LLL function: "+inp.val, inp.metadata);
+        for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.args.size(); i++) {
+            inp.args[i] = postValidate(inp.args[i]);
+        }
+    }
+    return inp;
+}
+
+Node rewrite(Node inp) {
+    return postValidate(optimize(apply_rules(preprocess(inp))));
+}
+
+Node rewriteChunk(Node inp) {
+    return postValidate(optimize(apply_rules(
+                        preprocessResult(
+                        validate(inp), preprocessAux()))));
+}
+
+using namespace std;
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..716815cee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_REWRITER
+#define ETHSERP_REWRITER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Applies rewrite rules
+Node rewrite(Node inp);
+
+// Applies rewrite rules adding without wrapper
+Node rewriteChunk(Node inp);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d810bdbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "lllparser.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "rewriteutils.h"
+#include "optimize.h"
+
+// Valid functions and their min and max argument counts
+std::string validFunctions[][3] = {
+    { "if", "2", "3" },
+    { "unless", "2", "2" },
+    { "while", "2", "2" },
+    { "until", "2", "2" },
+    { "alloc", "1", "1" },
+    { "array", "1", "1" },
+    { "call", "2", tt256 },
+    { "callcode", "2", tt256 },
+    { "create", "1", "4" },
+    { "getch", "2", "2" },
+    { "setch", "3", "3" },
+    { "sha3", "1", "2" },
+    { "return", "1", "2" },
+    { "inset", "1", "1" },
+    { "min", "2", "2" },
+    { "max", "2", "2" },
+    { "array_lit", "0", tt256 },
+    { "seq", "0", tt256 },
+    { "log", "1", "6" },
+    { "outer", "1", "1" },
+    { "set", "2", "2" },
+    { "get", "1", "1" },
+    { "ref", "1", "1" },
+    { "declare", "1", tt256 },
+    { "with", "3", "3" },
+    { "outer", "1", "1" },
+    { "mcopy", "3", "3" },
+    { "unsafe_mcopy", "3", "3" },
+    { "save", "3", "3" },
+    { "load", "2", "2" },
+    { "---END---", "", "" } //Keep this line at the end of the list
+};
+
+std::map<std::string, bool> vfMap;
+
+// Is a function name one of the valid functions above?
+bool isValidFunctionName(std::string f) {
+    if (vfMap.size() == 0) {
+        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
+            if (validFunctions[i][0] == "---END---") break;
+            vfMap[validFunctions[i][0]] = true;
+        }
+    }
+    return vfMap.count(f);
+}
+
+// Cool function for debug purposes (named cerrStringList to make
+// all prints searchable via 'cerr')
+void cerrStringList(std::vector<std::string> s, std::string suffix) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) std::cerr << s[i] << " ";
+    std::cerr << suffix << "\n";
+}
+
+// Convert:
+// self.cow -> ["cow"]
+// self.horse[0] -> ["horse", "0"]
+// self.a[6][7][self.storage[3]].chicken[9] -> 
+//     ["6", "7", (sload 3), "chicken", "9"]
+std::vector<Node> listfyStorageAccess(Node node) {
+    std::vector<Node> out;
+    std::vector<Node> nodez;
+    nodez.push_back(node);
+    while (1) {
+        if (nodez.back().type == TOKEN) {
+            out.push_back(token("--" + nodez.back().val, node.metadata));
+            std::vector<Node> outrev;
+            for (int i = (signed)out.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                outrev.push_back(out[i]);
+            }
+            return outrev;
+        }
+        if (nodez.back().val == ".")
+            nodez.back().args[1].val = "--" + nodez.back().args[1].val;
+        if (nodez.back().args.size() == 0)
+            err("Error parsing storage variable statement", node.metadata);
+        if (nodez.back().args.size() == 1)
+            out.push_back(token(tt256m1, node.metadata));
+        else
+            out.push_back(nodez.back().args[1]);
+        nodez.push_back(nodez.back().args[0]);
+    }
+}
+
+// Is the given node something of the form
+// self.cow
+// self.horse[0]
+// self.a[6][7][self.storage[3]].chicken[9]
+bool isNodeStorageVariable(Node node) {
+    std::vector<Node> nodez;
+    nodez.push_back(node);
+    while (1) {
+        if (nodez.back().type == TOKEN) return false;
+        if (nodez.back().args.size() == 0) return false;
+        if (nodez.back().val != "." && nodez.back().val != "access")
+            return false;
+        if (nodez.back().args[0].val == "self") return true;
+        nodez.push_back(nodez.back().args[0]);
+    }
+}
+
+// Main pattern matching routine, for those patterns that can be expressed
+// using our standard mini-language above
+//
+// Returns two values. First, a boolean to determine whether the node matches
+// the pattern, second, if the node does match then a map mapping variables
+// in the pattern to nodes
+matchResult match(Node p, Node n) {
+    matchResult o;
+    o.success = false;
+    if (p.type == TOKEN) {
+        if (p.val == n.val && n.type == TOKEN) o.success = true;
+        else if (p.val[0] == '$' || p.val[0] == '@') {
+            o.success = true;
+            o.map[p.val.substr(1)] = n;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (n.type==TOKEN || p.val!=n.val || p.args.size()!=n.args.size()) {
+        // do nothing
+    }
+    else {
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < p.args.size(); i++) {
+            matchResult oPrime = match(p.args[i], n.args[i]);
+            if (!oPrime.success) {
+                o.success = false;
+                return o;
+            }
+            for (std::map<std::string, Node>::iterator it = oPrime.map.begin();
+                 it != oPrime.map.end();
+                 it++) {
+                o.map[(*it).first] = (*it).second;
+            }
+        }
+        o.success = true;
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+
+// Fills in the pattern with a dictionary mapping variable names to
+// nodes (these dicts are generated by match). Match and subst together
+// create a full pattern-matching engine. 
+Node subst(Node pattern,
+           std::map<std::string, Node> dict,
+           std::string varflag,
+           Metadata m) {
+    // Swap out patterns at the token level
+    if (pattern.metadata.ln == -1)
+        pattern.metadata = m;
+    if (pattern.type == TOKEN && 
+            pattern.val[0] == '$') {
+        if (dict.count(pattern.val.substr(1))) {
+            return dict[pattern.val.substr(1)];
+        }
+        else {
+            return token(varflag + pattern.val.substr(1), m);
+        }
+    }
+    // Other tokens are untouched
+    else if (pattern.type == TOKEN) {
+        return pattern;
+    }
+    // Substitute recursively for ASTs
+    else {
+        std::vector<Node> args;
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < pattern.args.size(); i++) {
+            args.push_back(subst(pattern.args[i], dict, varflag, m));
+        }
+        return asn(pattern.val, args, m);
+    }
+}
+
+// Transforms a sequence containing two-argument with statements
+// into a statement containing those statements in nested form
+Node withTransform (Node source) {
+    Node o = token("--");
+    Metadata m = source.metadata;
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    for (int i = source.args.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        Node a = source.args[i];
+        if (a.val == "with" && a.args.size() == 2) {
+            std::vector<Node> flipargs;
+            for (int j = args.size() - 1; j >= 0; j--)
+                flipargs.push_back(args[i]);
+            if (o.val != "--")
+                flipargs.push_back(o);
+            o = asn("with", a.args[0], a.args[1], asn("seq", flipargs, m), m);
+            args = std::vector<Node>();
+        }
+        else {
+            args.push_back(a);
+        }
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> flipargs;
+    for (int j = args.size() - 1; j >= 0; j--)
+        flipargs.push_back(args[j]);
+    if (o.val != "--")
+        flipargs.push_back(o);
+    return asn("seq", flipargs, m);
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8abf44a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/rewriteutils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_REWRITEUTILS
+#define ETHSERP_REWRITEUTILS
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// Valid functions and their min and max argument counts
+extern std::string validFunctions[][3];
+
+extern std::map<std::string, bool> vfMap;
+
+bool isValidFunctionName(std::string f);
+
+// Converts deep array access into ordered list of the arguments
+// along the descent
+std::vector<Node> listfyStorageAccess(Node node);
+
+// Cool function for debug purposes (named cerrStringList to make
+// all prints searchable via 'cerr')
+void cerrStringList(std::vector<std::string> s, std::string suffix="");
+
+// Is the given node something of the form
+// self.cow
+// self.horse[0]
+// self.a[6][7][self.storage[3]].chicken[9]
+bool isNodeStorageVariable(Node node);
+
+// Applies rewrite rules adding without wrapper
+Node rewriteChunk(Node inp);
+
+// Match result storing object
+struct matchResult {
+    bool success;
+    std::map<std::string, Node> map;
+};
+
+// Match node to pattern
+matchResult match(Node p, Node n);
+
+// Substitute node using pattern
+Node subst(Node pattern,
+           std::map<std::string, Node> dict,
+           std::string varflag,
+           Metadata m);
+
+Node withTransform(Node source);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/serpent.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/serpent.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8d6bedfe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/serpent.py
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+import serpent_pyext as pyext
+import sys
+import re
+
+VERSION = '1.7.7'
+
+
+class Metadata(object):
+    def __init__(self, li):
+        self.file = li[0]
+        self.ln = li[1]
+        self.ch = li[2]
+
+    def out(self):
+        return [self.file, self.ln, self.ch]
+
+
+class Token(object):
+    def __init__(self, val, metadata):
+        self.val = val
+        self.metadata = Metadata(metadata)
+
+    def out(self):
+        return [0, self.val, self.metadata.out()]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self.val)
+
+
+class Astnode(object):
+    def __init__(self, val, args, metadata):
+        self.val = val
+        self.args = map(node, args)
+        self.metadata = Metadata(metadata)
+
+    def out(self):
+        o = [1, self.val, self.metadata.out()]+[x.out() for x in self.args]
+        return o
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        o = '(' + self.val
+        subs = map(repr, self.args)
+        k = 0
+        out = " "
+        while k < len(subs) and o != "(seq":
+            if '\n' in subs[k] or len(out + subs[k]) >= 80:
+                break
+            out += subs[k] + " "
+            k += 1
+        if k < len(subs):
+            o += out + "\n  "
+            o += '\n  '.join('\n'.join(subs[k:]).split('\n'))
+            o += '\n)'
+        else:
+            o += out[:-1] + ')'
+        return o
+
+
+def node(li):
+    if li[0]:
+        return Astnode(li[1], li[3:], li[2])
+    else:
+        return Token(li[1], li[2])
+
+
+def take(x):
+    return pyext.parse_lll(x) if isinstance(x, (str, unicode)) else x.out()
+
+
+def takelist(x):
+    return map(take, parse(x).args if isinstance(x, (str, unicode)) else x)
+
+
+compile = lambda x: pyext.compile(x)
+compile_chunk = lambda x: pyext.compile_chunk(x)
+compile_to_lll = lambda x: node(pyext.compile_to_lll(x))
+compile_chunk_to_lll = lambda x: node(pyext.compile_chunk_to_lll(x))
+compile_lll = lambda x: pyext.compile_lll(take(x))
+parse = lambda x: node(pyext.parse(x))
+rewrite = lambda x: node(pyext.rewrite(take(x)))
+rewrite_chunk = lambda x: node(pyext.rewrite_chunk(take(x)))
+pretty_compile = lambda x: map(node, pyext.pretty_compile(x))
+pretty_compile_chunk = lambda x: map(node, pyext.pretty_compile_chunk(x))
+pretty_compile_lll = lambda x: map(node, pyext.pretty_compile_lll(take(x)))
+serialize = lambda x: pyext.serialize(takelist(x))
+deserialize = lambda x: map(node, pyext.deserialize(x))
+
+is_numeric = lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, long))
+is_string = lambda x: isinstance(x, (str, unicode))
+tobytearr = lambda n, L: [] if L == 0 else tobytearr(n / 256, L - 1)+[n % 256]
+
+
+# A set of methods for detecting raw values (numbers and strings) and
+# converting them to integers
+def frombytes(b):
+    return 0 if len(b) == 0 else ord(b[-1]) + 256 * frombytes(b[:-1])
+
+
+def fromhex(b):
+    hexord = lambda x: '0123456789abcdef'.find(x)
+    return 0 if len(b) == 0 else hexord(b[-1]) + 16 * fromhex(b[:-1])
+
+
+def numberize(b):
+    if is_numeric(b):
+        return b
+    elif b[0] in ["'", '"']:
+        return frombytes(b[1:-1])
+    elif b[:2] == '0x':
+        return fromhex(b[2:])
+    elif re.match('^[0-9]*$', b):
+        return int(b)
+    elif len(b) == 40:
+        return fromhex(b)
+    else:
+        raise Exception("Cannot identify data type: %r" % b)
+
+
+def enc(n):
+    if is_numeric(n):
+        return ''.join(map(chr, tobytearr(n, 32)))
+    elif is_string(n) and len(n) == 40:
+        return '\x00' * 12 + n.decode('hex')
+    elif is_string(n):
+        return '\x00' * (32 - len(n)) + n
+    elif n is True:
+        return 1
+    elif n is False or n is None:
+        return 0
+
+
+def encode_datalist(*args):
+    if isinstance(args, (tuple, list)):
+        return ''.join(map(enc, args))
+    elif not len(args) or args[0] == '':
+        return ''
+    else:
+        # Assume you're getting in numbers or addresses or 0x...
+        return ''.join(map(enc, map(numberize, args)))
+
+
+def decode_datalist(arr):
+    if isinstance(arr, list):
+        arr = ''.join(map(chr, arr))
+    o = []
+    for i in range(0, len(arr), 32):
+        o.append(frombytes(arr[i:i + 32]))
+    return o
+
+
+def encode_abi(funid, *args):
+    len_args = ''
+    normal_args = ''
+    var_args = ''
+    for arg in args:
+        if isinstance(arg, str) and len(arg) and \
+                arg[0] == '"' and arg[-1] == '"':
+            len_args += enc(numberize(len(arg[1:-1])))
+            var_args += arg[1:-1]
+        elif isinstance(arg, list):
+            for a in arg:
+                var_args += enc(numberize(a))
+            len_args += enc(numberize(len(arg)))
+        else:
+            normal_args += enc(numberize(arg))
+    return chr(int(funid)) + len_args + normal_args + var_args
+
+
+def decode_abi(arr, *lens):
+    o = []
+    pos = 1
+    i = 0
+    if len(lens) == 1 and isinstance(lens[0], list):
+        lens = lens[0]
+    while pos < len(arr):
+        bytez = int(lens[i]) if i < len(lens) else 32
+        o.append(frombytes(arr[pos: pos + bytez]))
+        i, pos = i + 1, pos + bytez
+    return o
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) == 1:
+        print "serpent <command> <arg1> <arg2> ..."
+    else:
+        cmd = sys.argv[2] if sys.argv[1] == '-s' else sys.argv[1]
+        if sys.argv[1] == '-s':
+            args = [sys.stdin.read()] + sys.argv[3:]
+        elif sys.argv[1] == '-v':
+            print VERSION
+            sys.exit()
+        else:
+            cmd = sys.argv[1]
+            args = sys.argv[2:]
+        if cmd in ['deserialize', 'decode_datalist', 'decode_abi']:
+            args[0] = args[0].strip().decode('hex')
+        o = globals()[cmd](*args)
+        if isinstance(o, (Token, Astnode, list)):
+            print repr(o)
+        else:
+            print o.encode('hex')
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/setup.py b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5fdc1c16a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from setuptools import setup, Extension
+
+import os
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_vars
+
+(opt,) = get_config_vars('OPT')
+os.environ['OPT'] = " ".join(
+    flag for flag in opt.split() if flag != '-Wstrict-prototypes'
+)
+
+setup(
+    # Name of this package
+    name="ethereum-serpent",
+
+    # Package version
+    version='1.7.7',
+
+    description='Serpent compiler',
+    maintainer='Vitalik Buterin',
+    maintainer_email='v@buterin.com',
+    license='WTFPL',
+    url='http://www.ethereum.org/',
+
+    # Describes how to build the actual extension module from C source files.
+    ext_modules=[
+        Extension(
+            'serpent_pyext',         # Python name of the module
+            ['bignum.cpp', 'util.cpp', 'tokenize.cpp',
+             'lllparser.cpp', 'parser.cpp', 'functions.cpp',
+             'optimize.cpp', 'opcodes.cpp',
+             'rewriteutils.cpp', 'preprocess.cpp', 'rewriter.cpp',
+             'compiler.cpp', 'funcs.cpp', 'pyserpent.cpp']
+        )],
+    py_modules=[
+        'serpent',
+        'pyserpent'
+    ],
+    scripts=[
+        'serpent.py'
+    ],
+    entry_points={
+        'console_scripts': [
+            'serpent = serpent:main',
+        ],
+    }
+    ),
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b60cc8a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+// These appear as independent tokens even if inside a stream of symbols
+const std::string atoms[] = { "#", "//", "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}" };
+const int numAtoms = 8;
+
+// Is the char alphanumeric, a space, a bracket, a quote, a symbol?
+int chartype(char c) {
+    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return ALPHANUM;
+    else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return ALPHANUM;
+    else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return ALPHANUM;
+	else if (std::string("~_$@").find(c) != std::string::npos) return ALPHANUM;
+    else if (c == '\t' || c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r') return SPACE;
+	else if (std::string("()[]{}").find(c) != std::string::npos) return BRACK;
+    else if (c == '"') return DQUOTE;
+    else if (c == '\'') return SQUOTE;
+    else return SYMB;
+}
+
+// "y = f(45,124)/3" -> [ "y", "f", "(", "45", ",", "124", ")", "/", "3"]
+std::vector<Node> tokenize(std::string inp, Metadata metadata, bool lispMode) {
+    int curtype = SPACE;
+	unsigned pos = 0;
+    int lastNewline = 0;
+    metadata.ch = 0;
+    std::string cur;
+    std::vector<Node> out;
+
+    inp += " ";
+    while (pos < inp.length()) {
+        int headtype = chartype(inp[pos]);
+        if (lispMode) {
+            if (inp[pos] == '\'') headtype = ALPHANUM;
+        }
+        // Are we inside a quote?
+        if (curtype == SQUOTE || curtype == DQUOTE) {
+            // Close quote
+            if (headtype == curtype) {
+                cur += inp[pos];
+                out.push_back(token(cur, metadata));
+                cur = "";
+                metadata.ch = pos - lastNewline;
+                curtype = SPACE;
+                pos += 1;
+            }
+            // eg. \xc3
+            else if (inp.length() >= pos + 4 && inp.substr(pos, 2) == "\\x") {
+                cur += (std::string("0123456789abcdef").find(inp[pos+2]) * 16
+                        + std::string("0123456789abcdef").find(inp[pos+3]));
+                pos += 4;
+            }
+            // Newline
+            else if (inp.substr(pos, 2) == "\\n") {
+                cur += '\n';
+                pos += 2;
+            }
+            // Backslash escape
+            else if (inp.length() >= pos + 2 && inp[pos] == '\\') {
+                cur += inp[pos + 1];
+                pos += 2;
+            }
+            // Normal character
+            else {
+                cur += inp[pos];
+                pos += 1;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            // Handle atoms ( '//', '#',  brackets )
+            for (int i = 0; i < numAtoms; i++) {
+                int split = cur.length() - atoms[i].length();
+                if (split >= 0 && cur.substr(split) == atoms[i]) {
+                    if (split > 0) {
+                        out.push_back(token(cur.substr(0, split), metadata));
+                    }
+                    metadata.ch += split;
+                    out.push_back(token(cur.substr(split), metadata));
+                    metadata.ch = pos - lastNewline;
+                    cur = "";
+                    curtype = SPACE;
+                }
+            }
+            // Special case the minus sign
+            if (cur.length() > 1 && (cur.substr(cur.length() - 1) == "-"
+                                  || cur.substr(cur.length() - 1) == "!")) {
+                out.push_back(token(cur.substr(0, cur.length() - 1), metadata));
+                out.push_back(token(cur.substr(cur.length() - 1), metadata));
+                cur = "";
+            }
+            // Boundary between different char types
+            if (headtype != curtype) {
+                if (curtype != SPACE && cur != "") {
+                    out.push_back(token(cur, metadata));
+                }
+                metadata.ch = pos - lastNewline;
+                cur = "";
+            }
+            cur += inp[pos];
+            curtype = headtype;
+            pos += 1;
+        }
+        if (inp[pos] == '\n') {
+            lastNewline = pos;
+            metadata.ch = 0;
+            metadata.ln += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04a42f3c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/tokenize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_TOKENIZE
+#define ETHSERP_TOKENIZE
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+
+int chartype(char c);
+
+std::vector<Node> tokenize(std::string inp,
+                           Metadata meta=Metadata(),
+                           bool lispMode=false);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.cpp b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..56f642fc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include "util.h"
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include <fstream>
+#include <cerrno>
+
+//Token or value node constructor
+Node token(std::string val, Metadata met) {
+    Node o;
+    o.type = 0;
+    o.val = val;
+    o.metadata = met;
+    return o;
+}
+
+//AST node constructor
+Node astnode(std::string val, std::vector<Node> args, Metadata met) {
+    Node o;
+    o.type = 1;
+    o.val = val;
+    o.args = args;
+    o.metadata = met;
+    return o;
+}
+
+//AST node constructors for a specific number of children
+Node astnode(std::string val, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    return astnode(val, args, met);
+}
+
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    args.push_back(a);
+    return astnode(val, args, met);
+}
+
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    args.push_back(a);
+    args.push_back(b);
+    return astnode(val, args, met);
+}
+
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b, Node c, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    args.push_back(a);
+    args.push_back(b);
+    args.push_back(c);
+    return astnode(val, args, met);
+}
+
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b, Node c, Node d, Metadata met) {
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    args.push_back(a);
+    args.push_back(b);
+    args.push_back(c);
+    args.push_back(d);
+    return astnode(val, args, met);
+}
+
+
+// Print token list
+std::string printTokens(std::vector<Node> tokens) {
+    std::string s = "";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < tokens.size(); i++) {
+        s += tokens[i].val + " ";
+    }
+    return s;
+}
+
+// Prints a lisp AST on one line
+std::string printSimple(Node ast) {
+    if (ast.type == TOKEN) return ast.val;
+    std::string o = "(" + ast.val;
+    std::vector<std::string> subs;
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < ast.args.size(); i++) {
+        o += " " + printSimple(ast.args[i]);
+    }
+    return o + ")";
+}
+
+// Number of tokens in a tree
+int treeSize(Node prog) {
+    if (prog.type == TOKEN) return 1;
+    int o = 0;
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < prog.args.size(); i++) o += treeSize(prog.args[i]);
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Pretty-prints a lisp AST
+std::string printAST(Node ast, bool printMetadata) {
+    if (ast.type == TOKEN) return ast.val;
+    std::string o = "(";
+    if (printMetadata) {
+         o += ast.metadata.file + " ";
+         o += unsignedToDecimal(ast.metadata.ln) + " ";
+         o += unsignedToDecimal(ast.metadata.ch) + ": ";
+    }
+    o += ast.val;
+    std::vector<std::string> subs;
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < ast.args.size(); i++) {
+        subs.push_back(printAST(ast.args[i], printMetadata));
+    }
+	unsigned k = 0;
+    std::string out = " ";
+    // As many arguments as possible go on the same line as the function,
+    // except when seq is used
+    while (k < subs.size() && o != "(seq") {
+		if (subs[k].find("\n") != std::string::npos || (out + subs[k]).length() >= 80) break;
+        out += subs[k] + " ";
+        k += 1;
+    }
+    // All remaining arguments go on their own lines
+    if (k < subs.size()) {
+        o += out + "\n";
+        std::vector<std::string> subsSliceK;
+		for (unsigned i = k; i < subs.size(); i++) subsSliceK.push_back(subs[i]);
+        o += indentLines(joinLines(subsSliceK));
+        o += "\n)";
+    }
+    else {
+        o += out.substr(0, out.size() - 1) + ")";
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Splits text by line
+std::vector<std::string> splitLines(std::string s) {
+	unsigned pos = 0;
+    int lastNewline = 0;
+    std::vector<std::string> o;
+    while (pos < s.length()) {
+        if (s[pos] == '\n') {
+            o.push_back(s.substr(lastNewline, pos - lastNewline));
+            lastNewline = pos + 1;
+        }
+        pos = pos + 1;
+    }
+    o.push_back(s.substr(lastNewline));
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Inverse of splitLines
+std::string joinLines(std::vector<std::string> lines) {
+    std::string o = "\n";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
+        o += lines[i] + "\n";
+    }
+    return o.substr(1, o.length() - 2);
+}
+
+// Indent all lines by 4 spaces
+std::string indentLines(std::string inp) {
+    std::vector<std::string> lines = splitLines(inp);
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) lines[i] = "    "+lines[i];
+    return joinLines(lines);
+}
+
+// Binary to hexadecimal
+std::string binToNumeric(std::string inp) {
+    std::string o = "0";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
+        o = decimalAdd(decimalMul(o,"256"), unsignedToDecimal((unsigned char)inp[i]));
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Converts string to simple numeric format
+std::string strToNumeric(std::string inp) {
+    std::string o = "0";
+    if (inp == "") {
+        o = "";
+    }
+    else if (inp.substr(0,2) == "0x") {
+		for (unsigned i = 2; i < inp.length(); i++) {
+            int dig = std::string("0123456789abcdef0123456789ABCDEF").find(inp[i]) % 16;
+            if (dig < 0) return "";
+            o = decimalAdd(decimalMul(o,"16"), unsignedToDecimal(dig));
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        bool isPureNum = true;
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
+            isPureNum = isPureNum && inp[i] >= '0' && inp[i] <= '9';
+        }
+        o = isPureNum ? inp : "";
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Does the node contain a number (eg. 124, 0xf012c, "george")
+bool isNumberLike(Node node) {
+    if (node.type == ASTNODE) return false;
+    return strToNumeric(node.val) != "";
+}
+
+//Normalizes number representations
+Node nodeToNumeric(Node node) {
+    std::string o = strToNumeric(node.val);
+    return token(o == "" ? node.val : o, node.metadata);
+}
+
+Node tryNumberize(Node node) {
+    if (node.type == TOKEN && isNumberLike(node)) return nodeToNumeric(node);
+    return node;
+}
+
+//Converts a value to an array of byte number nodes
+std::vector<Node> toByteArr(std::string val, Metadata metadata, int minLen) {
+    std::vector<Node> o;
+    int L = 0;
+    while (val != "0" || L < minLen) {
+        o.push_back(token(decimalMod(val, "256"), metadata));
+        val = decimalDiv(val, "256");
+        L++;
+    }
+    std::vector<Node> o2;
+    for (int i = o.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) o2.push_back(o[i]);
+    return o2;
+}
+
+int counter = 0;
+
+//Makes a unique token
+std::string mkUniqueToken() {
+    counter++;
+    return unsignedToDecimal(counter);
+}
+
+//Does a file exist? http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12774207
+bool exists(std::string fileName) {
+    std::ifstream infile(fileName.c_str());
+    return infile.good();
+}
+
+//Reads a file: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2602013
+std::string get_file_contents(std::string filename)
+{
+  std::ifstream in(filename.c_str(), std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
+  if (in)
+  {
+    std::string contents;
+    in.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
+    contents.resize(in.tellg());
+    in.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+    in.read(&contents[0], contents.size());
+    in.close();
+    return(contents);
+  }
+  throw(errno);
+}
+
+//Report error
+void err(std::string errtext, Metadata met) {
+    std::string err = "Error (file \"" + met.file + "\", line " +
+        unsignedToDecimal(met.ln + 1) + ", char " + unsignedToDecimal(met.ch) +
+        "): " + errtext;
+    std::cerr << err << "\n";
+    throw(err);
+}
+
+//Bin to hex
+std::string binToHex(std::string inp) {
+    std::string o = "";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
+        unsigned char v = inp[i];
+        o += std::string("0123456789abcdef").substr(v/16, 1)
+           + std::string("0123456789abcdef").substr(v%16, 1);
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Hex to bin
+std::string hexToBin(std::string inp) {
+    std::string o = "";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i+1 < inp.length(); i+=2) {
+        char v = (char)(std::string("0123456789abcdef").find(inp[i]) * 16 +
+                std::string("0123456789abcdef").find(inp[i+1]));
+        o += v;
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Lower to upper
+std::string upperCase(std::string inp) {
+    std::string o = "";
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
+        if (inp[i] >= 97 && inp[i] <= 122) o += inp[i] - 32;
+        else o += inp[i];
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+//Three-int vector
+std::vector<int> triple(int a, int b, int c) {
+    std::vector<int> v;
+    v.push_back(a);
+    v.push_back(b);
+    v.push_back(c);
+    return v;
+}
diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.h b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f7d6744f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/ethereum/serpent-go/serpent/util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#ifndef ETHSERP_UTIL
+#define ETHSERP_UTIL
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <cerrno>
+
+const int TOKEN = 0,
+          ASTNODE = 1,
+          SPACE = 2,
+          BRACK = 3,
+          SQUOTE = 4,
+          DQUOTE = 5,
+          SYMB = 6,
+          ALPHANUM = 7,
+          LPAREN = 8,
+          RPAREN = 9,
+          COMMA = 10,
+          COLON = 11,
+          UNARY_OP = 12,
+          BINARY_OP = 13,
+          COMPOUND = 14,
+          TOKEN_SPLITTER = 15;
+
+// Stores metadata about each token
+class Metadata {
+    public:
+        Metadata(std::string File="main", int Ln=-1, int Ch=-1) {
+            file = File;
+            ln = Ln;
+            ch = Ch;
+            fixed = false;
+        }
+        std::string file;
+        int ln;
+        int ch;
+        bool fixed;
+};
+
+std::string mkUniqueToken();
+
+// type can be TOKEN or ASTNODE
+struct Node {
+    int type;
+    std::string val;
+    std::vector<Node> args;
+    Metadata metadata;
+};
+Node token(std::string val, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, std::vector<Node> args, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b, Node c, Metadata met=Metadata());
+Node astnode(std::string val, Node a, Node b,
+             Node c, Node d, Metadata met=Metadata());
+
+// Number of tokens in a tree
+int treeSize(Node prog);
+
+// Print token list
+std::string printTokens(std::vector<Node> tokens);
+
+// Prints a lisp AST on one line
+std::string printSimple(Node ast);
+
+// Pretty-prints a lisp AST
+std::string printAST(Node ast, bool printMetadata=false);
+
+// Splits text by line
+std::vector<std::string> splitLines(std::string s);
+
+// Inverse of splitLines
+std::string joinLines(std::vector<std::string> lines);
+
+// Indent all lines by 4 spaces
+std::string indentLines(std::string inp);
+
+// Converts binary to simple numeric format
+std::string binToNumeric(std::string inp);
+
+// Converts string to simple numeric format
+std::string strToNumeric(std::string inp);
+
+// Does the node contain a number (eg. 124, 0xf012c, "george")
+bool isNumberLike(Node node);
+
+//Normalizes number representations
+Node nodeToNumeric(Node node);
+
+//If a node is numeric, normalize its representation
+Node tryNumberize(Node node);
+
+//Converts a value to an array of byte number nodes
+std::vector<Node> toByteArr(std::string val, Metadata metadata, int minLen=1);
+
+//Reads a file
+std::string get_file_contents(std::string filename);
+
+//Does a file exist?
+bool exists(std::string fileName);
+
+//Report error
+void err(std::string errtext, Metadata met);
+
+//Bin to hex
+std::string binToHex(std::string inp);
+
+//Hex to bin
+std::string hexToBin(std::string inp);
+
+//Lower to upper
+std::string upperCase(std::string inp);
+
+//Three-int vector
+std::vector<int> triple(int a, int b, int c);
+
+#define asn astnode
+#define tkn token
+#define msi std::map<std::string, int>
+#define msn std::map<std::string, Node>
+#define mss std::map<std::string, std::string>
+
+#endif